• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 1978

To compare various methods for available soil P test, in terms of correlation between crop yield and amounts of available soil P, a pot experiment was conducted with soybean as test plant using four upland soils differing in phosphorus status. The results are summarized as following. 1. There was highly significant correlation between grain yield and amount of P uptake observed at the floral differentiation stage. Highly significant correlations were also observed between grain yield and available soil P of different methods, and between the amount of P uptake and available soil P. The consistency of correlations between soil P and plant parameters was Olsen${\geq}$Lancaster P>Bray No.1 P${\geq}$Bray No.2 P>Truog P. 2. The magnitute of available soil P values of different methods was in the order of Bray No.2>Lancaster P${\geq}$Bray No.1 P>Olsen P>Truog P. 3. The amounts of available P measured by various methods showed significant correlation with the amounts of Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P. 4. As conclusion, Olsen-P, Lancaster-P, and Bray-P are reliable information for evaluating soil P status. However, Olesen-P seemed to be better than the others.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of fluoride using thermally treated pyrophyllite as adsorbent. Sorption experiments were conducted under batch conditions to examine the effects of adsorbent dose, reaction time, initial fluoride concentration and solution pH on fluoride removal. In the experiments, the pyrophyllite thermally treated at different temperatures [untreated (P-U), $400^{\circ}C$ (P-400), $600^{\circ}C$ (P-600)] were used. Results showed that the adsorption capacity was in the order of P-400 > P-U > P-600. The XRD analysis indicated that both P-U and P-400 were composed of quartz, dickite and pyrophyllite while P-600 was quartz. The BET analysis showed that the specific surface area was in the order of P-600 > P-400 > P-U. Kinetic data showed that fluoride sorption to P-400 arrived at equilibrium around 24 h. Equilibrium test demonstrated that the maximum sorption capacity of P-400 was 0.957 mg/g. In addition, fluoride removal by P-400 was not sensitive to solution pH between 4 and 10. However, fluoride removal decreased considerably at highly acidic (pH < 4) and alkaline (pH > 10) conditions. This study demonstrates that pyrophyllite could be used as a low-cost adsorbent for fluoride removal from aqueous solution.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.253-262
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• 2016

This paper proposes a balance-swap method for the dynamic economic load dispatch problem. Based on the premise that all generators shall be operated at valve-points, the proposed algorithm initially sets the maximum generation power at $P_i{\leftarrow}P_i^{max}$. As for generator i with $_{max}c_i$, which is the maximum operating cost $c_i=\frac{F(P_i)-F(P_{iv_k})}{(P_i-P_{iv_k})}$ produced when the generation power of each generator is reduced to the valve-point $v_k$, the algorithm reduces i's generation power down to $P_{iv_k}$, the valve-point operating cost. When ${\Sigma}P_i-P_d$ > 0, it reduces the generation power of a generator with $_{max}c_i$ of $c_i=F(P_i)-F(P_i-1)$ to $P_i{\leftarrow}P_i-1$ so as to restore the equilibrium ${\Sigma}P_i=P_d$. The algorithm subsequently optimizes by employing an adult-step method in which power in the range of $_{min}\{_{max}(P_i-P_i^{min}),\;_{max}(P_i^{max}-P_i)\}$>${\alpha}{\geq}10$ is reduced by 10; a baby step method in which power in the range of 10>${\alpha}{\geq}1$ is reduced by 1; and a swap method for $_{max}[F(P_i)-F(P_i-{\alpha})]$>$_{min}[F(P_j+{\alpha})-F(P_j)]$, $i{\neq}j$ of $P_i=P_i{\pm}{\alpha}$, in which power is swapped to $P_i=P_i-{\alpha}$, $P_j=P_j+{\alpha}$. It finally executes minute swap process for ${\alpha}=\text{0.1, 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001}$. When applied to various experimental cases of the dynamic economic load dispatch problems, the proposed algorithm has proved to maximize economic benefits by significantly reducing the optimal operating cost of the extant Heuristic algorithm.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.421-427
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• 2005

To evaluate the diagnostic significance of p16 overexpression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we analyzed p16 status and growth inhibitory patterns by p16 overexpression in HCC cell lines having different pRE status. SKHep1 and SNU449 cells show homozygous deletion of p16. The p16 gene in SNU398 cell is inactivated at posttranscription level. Adenovira1-p16 (Ad-p16) infection inhibits the cell growth in Hep3B, SNU398, and SNU449. Failure of growth inhibition in SKHepl results from the low transduction efficiency of adenovirus. The p16-mediated growth inhibition shows G 1 phase arrest in pRE-positive SNU449 but not in pRE-negative Hep3B. These results suggest that therapeutic efficacy of p16 gene might be considered on the transduction efficiency and the toxicity of adenoviral vector. Beside, growth inhibitory effect of p16 could be exerted through either pRE-dependent or -independent pathway.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.206-214
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• 1993

Coherent precipitation of Zn3P2 during Zn diffusion in a GaInAsP/InP heterostructure was studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Zn-diffusion-induced intermixing of Ga and In across the GaInAsP/InP heterointerface provided a Ga-mixed InP region which was nearly lattice-matched with Zn3P2 crystal and thus allowed thecoherent precipitation of Zn3P2. The Zn3P2 precipitates were preferentially nucleated at stacking faults which were formed to relax interfacial strain built up by the intermixing. The precipitates were grown to planar epitaxial layer along (100) plane in the lattice-matched region. The TEM images and diffraction pettern revealed that the tetragonal Zn3P2 crystals were coherently matched to the fcc structured GaInP matrix by the {{{{ SQRT {2} $\times$ SQRT {2} $\times$2 }} arrangement. The precipitation reaction of Zn3P2 was explained by an atomic migration model based on the kick-out mechanism.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2015

p73 is a structural and functional homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. Like p53, p73 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and transactivates p53-responsive genes, conferring its tumor suppressive activity. In addition, p73 has unique roles in neuronal development and differentiation. The importance of p73-induced apoptosis lies in its capability to substitute the pro-apoptotic activity of p53 in various human cancer cells in which p53 is mutated or inactive. Despite the great importance of p73-induced apoptosis in cancer therapy, little is known about the molecular basis of p73-induced apoptosis. In this review, we discuss the p73 structures reported to date, detailed structural comparisons between p73 and p53, and current understanding of the transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms of p73-induced apoptosis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.777-780
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• 2007

인터넷 스트리밍 시스템은 스트리밍 소스를 공급하는 미디어 서버와 이로부터 미디어 스트림을 받아 분배하는 스트리밍 서버, 그리고 스트리밍 단말기들로 구성되며, 기존에는 하나의 스트리밍 서버에 다수의 단말기들이 직접적으로 연결되는 방식을 취하고 있다. 이러한 클라이언트-서버 형태의 중앙 구조의 단점을 극복하여 확장성을 제공하기 위해 P2P 스트리밍 시스템에 대한 연구가 최근 들어 진행되고 있다. 그러나 P2P 방식을 이용한 인터넷 스트리밍 시스템을 설계, 구현, 테스트를하기 위해서 많은 비용이 소비되는 현실적인 어려움이 있다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 P2P 스트리밍 시스템에 대한 다양한 연구 및 실험을 지원하기 위해, P2P 스트리밍 시스템을 정의하고, NS2 시뮬레이션 라이브러리를 이용하여 P2P 스트리밍 시스템 시뮬레이터 P2PStreamSim을 설계 및 구현하였다. 또한 테스트 P2P 스트리밍 시스템을 사례로 적용하여 P2PStreamSim의 동작을 검증하고 성능을 평가하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2010

A P2P network can be created or destroyed automatically because it is based on the structural characteristic of being promoted by peer communities' free participation. While users can share resources they want in a P2P, there are also many resources they do not want such as fake contents. As one method of removing fake contents, it is suggested to use collective intelligence in P2P environment. And we simulated merit of reputation system.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 2010

A P2P technology in distributed environments is very useful in the respect that persons to have resources efficiently share the resources. A P2P system is caused as follows : resource search, resource transmission, resource transmission again and then excessively occurred network traffic. To improve performance about this a lot of studies is proceeding. One of this various study's directions to improve performance is recently come to a field to improve usability as such person. At this point this study is proposed P2P group search algorithm to improve usability.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.676-680
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• 1995

The nucleotide sequence of Xbal-Mbol fragment of pKH7, a chloramphenicol-resistant($Cm^{r}$) plasmid isolated from multidrug-resistant S. aureus SA2, has been determined. Xbal-Mbol fragment of pKH7 was found to contain two ORFs. One ORF encoded Rap and the other encoded CAT protein. The deduced amino acid sequences of Rep and CAT of pKH7 were compared to those of pUB112 and pC221. Comparisons revealed that there was one amino acid difference in CAT between pKH7 and pUB112. CAT of pKH7 exhibited 98.6% amino acid identity to that of pC221. In case of Rep proteins, a slightly lower homology of 96.4% and 86.7% in amino acid sequences was observed between pKH7 and pUB112 and between pKH7 and pC221, respectively.