• Neonatal Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cord blood adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and their effect on fetal growth and insulin resistance in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: Cord blood adiponectin and IGF-I were compared between mothers with GDM (GDM group, N=53) and controls (non-GDM group, N=101). Neonates were classified into three groups of small for gestational age (SGA, N=26), appropriate for gestational age (AGA, N=97), and large for gestational age (LGA, N=31) by birth weight. The association between cord adiponectin and IGF-I levels was evaluated in relation to maternal and neonatal clinical data. Results: Cord adiponectin was lower in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in cord adiponectin among the SGA, AGA, and LGA groups in the GDM group (P=0.228). The cord adiponectin of AGA in the GDM group was significantly lower than that in the non-GDM group (P<0.001). The most powerful predictor affecting cord adiponectin was the result of maternal 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The cord IGF-I values between the GDM group and the non-GDM group were not different (P=0.834). Neonates with the heavier birth weight had the higher cord IGF-I levels. The most powerful predictor affecting cord IGF-I was birth weight and the next was maternal parity. Conclusion: Both cord blood adiponectin and IGF-I were associated with fetal growth, but IGF-I was a more general and direct factor affecting fetal body size, and adiponectin seemed to have more association with insulin sensitivity than growth.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2011

Objective : Membranous nephropathy(MN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. MN has been defined as granular subepithelial deposition of IgG immune complexes along the glomerular basement membrane(GBM). However, there is not a satisfactory treatment for MN. We aimed to identify the effect of Impatiens balsamina Linne(IBL) treatment on cationic bovine serum albumin(cBSA)-induced MN in a mouse model. Methods : Mice were divided into 4 groups. The normal group was injected with saline. The Control group was treated with cBSA(50 mg/kg i.p) only. The third group IBL-100, was treated with cBSA(50 mg/kg, i.p) and IBL(100 mg/kg, p.o). The fourth group IBL-400, was treated with cBSA(50 mg/kg, i.p) and IBL (400 mg/kg, p.o). After cBSA and IBL treatment for 6 weeks, we measured change of body weight, proteinuria, serum albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, BUN, creatinine, IgA, IgM, IgG, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-$1{\beta}$ levels. The morphologic changes of renal glomeruli were also observed with a light microscope. Results : The level of proteinuria significantly decreased and serum albumin increased in groups treated with cBSA and IBL extract compared with the control. The levels of serum triglyceride, BUN, IgG, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ significantly decreased in both IBL groups. In histological findings of kidney tissue, thickening of GBM decreased in both IBL groups. Conclusions : This study shows that IBL might be effective for treatment of acute stage MN. More clinical data and studies are to be done for efficient application.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2010

Bioprospecting has been widely used to assess the economic potential of different plant species and their value-addition. Prospecting for biological material like plants with medicinal or other economically valuable properties like fibre or oil is becoming a dynamic activity. Our folklore with embedded cultural heritage has tremendous possibilities and potential for bioprospecting. This forest region of Western Rajasthan is enriched with diverse vegetational wealth, if subjected to bioprospecting may prove to be a boon for the society.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.26 no.11
• /
• pp.979-983
• /
• 2003

The pharmacokinetic of tolbutamide was studied after the oral administration to normal rabbits or rabbits with mild to medium folate-induced renal failure. The plasma concentrations of tolbutamide were significantly elevated (p<0.05) during 9 to 24 h in rabbits with mild or medium folate-induced renal failure. Consequently, the area under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) was significantly higher in mild (p<0.05) and medium (p<0.01) folate-induced renal failure rabbits (i.e., 2906 $\mu$g/mL$.$h for mild renal failure and 4074 $\mu$g/mL$.$h for moderate renal failure) than that in normal rabbits (i.e., 2295 $\mu$g/mL$.$h). The cumulative urinary excretion of tolbutamide was significantly depressed (p<0.05) in medium folate-induced renal failure rabbits (i.e., 3.3 mg) compared with that in normal rabbits (i.e., 5.9 mg). The elimination rate constant (Kel) of tolbutamide was significantly decreased in medium renal failure rabbits (i.e., 0.027 $h^{-1}$) than that in normal rabbits (i.e., 0.044 $h^{-1}$ ); As a result, the terminal half-life of tolbutamide in medium folate-induced renal failure rabbits (i.e., 25.5 h) was significantly longer (p<0.01) than that in normal rabbits (i.e., 15.7 h). The change in pharmacokinetic parameters is consistent with the hypothesis that the alteration is mediated by the depressed metabolic elimination of the drug by the induction of renal failure. Therefore, these observations indicated that the dosage adjustment may be necessary for tolbutamide in patients with renal insufficiency.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.374-378
• /
• 2013

Background: Incisional pain is particularly troublesome after hysterectomy. A method called transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) has shown promise in managing postoperative pain. In this study, we evaluated the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided TAPB after hysterectomy at different time points and at each time point separately for 48 hours. Methods: Forty-two patients (ASA I, II) who were electively chosen to undergo total abdominal hysterectomy were divided into 2 groups, control (group C) and intervention (group I). Twenty-one patients underwent TAPB (group I) and 21 patients received only the standard treatment with a fentanyl pump (group C). Both groups received standard general anesthesia. For patients in group I, following the surgery and before emergence from anesthesia, 0.5 mg/kg of ropivacaine 0.2% (about 20 cc) was injected bilaterally between the internal oblique and transverse abdominis muscles using sonography. Pain scores using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and drug consumption were measured at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after TAPB. Results: There were no significant differences in demographics between the two groups. VAS scores appeared to be lower in group I, although there was no interaction with time when we compared mean VAS measurements at different time points between group I and group C (P > 0.05). The amount of fentanyl flow was consistently higher in group C, but when we compared the two groups at each time point separately, the observed difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.053). The incidence of vomiting was 10% in group I and 28% in group C. There were no complaints of itching, and sedation score was 0 to 3. There were no complications. Conclusions: This study showed that TAPB did not result in a statistically significant decrease in VAS scores at different time points. TAPB did lead to decreased fentanyl flow, but when we compared the two groups at each time point separately, the observed difference was not statistically significant.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.289-296
• /
• 1999

The availability of Bacillus polimyxa 'HB 26-5' as a biological control agent was investigated. The antagonistic bacteria Bacillus polymyxa 'HB 26-5' grew well on the media at pH 7.0 and the optimum growth temperature was $25^{\circ}C$. The pH of the media changed to weak acid(pH 6.1~6.5) at the beginning of incubation, but to weak alkali(pH 7.8~8.2) at 7days after incubation. The best carrier to enhance colonization of the bacteria were the mixture of rice bran and peat, or rice bran and kaoline, in those formulation the density of the bacteria was changed slightly, though the density was beginning to decrease 3 weeks after application at field. In view of the physical characteristics of the formulation for the density maintenance during storage such as the hardness and the size, the best one was the formulation consisted of sodium alginate 2%, kaolin 15% and rice bran 3%.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.9
• /
• pp.1422-1428
• /
• 2006

An ABC transporter apparatus of the Gram-negative bacterial type I secretion pathway can be used as a secretory protein expression system in Escherichia coli. Four types of coexpression systems for the Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase gene, tliA, and its cognate ABC transporter gene cluster, tliDEF, were constructed. When the relative expression levels were changed by adding different concentrations of IPTG, the secretion (16.9 U/ml of culture) of TliA in E. coli [pTliDEFA-223+pACYC184] was significantly higher than E. coli [pKK223-3+pTliDEFA-184] secreting the lowest level of TliA (5.2 U/ml of culture). Maximal accumulation of the lipase secreted occurred in the mid-exponential phase, implying that the efficient protein secretion via an ABC transporter was restricted only to actively growing cells. Finally, the secretion level of TliA in E. coli [pTliDEFA-223+pACYC184] was increased to 26.4 U/ml by inducing gene expression at the culture initiation time. These results indicate that a significant increase in the ABC transporter-dependent protein secretion can be achieved by simply controlling the relative expression levels between the ABC transporter and its passenger protein, even in the recombinant E. coli cells.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.781-785
• /
• 2005

A fast and reliable method for the selective separation and preconcentration of $Cu^{2+}$ ions using homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction was developed. A new $\alpha$-dioxime derivative (2H-1,4-benzothioazine-2,3(4H)dionedioxime, Dioxime I) was synthesized and investigated as a suitable selective complexing ligand for $Cu^{2+}$ ions. Zonyl FSA (FSA) was applied as a phase-separator agent under the slightly acidic pH conditions. Under the optimal experimental conditions ([FSA] = 3.2% w/v, [THF] = 19.5% v/v, [Dioxime I] = 1.9 ${\times}\;10^{-3}$ M, and pH = 4.7), 10 ${\mu}g\;of\;Cu^{2+}$ in 5.2 mL aqueous phase could be extracted quantitatively into 80 $\mu$L of the sedimented phase. The maximum concentration factor was 65-fold. The limit of detection of the proposed method was 0.005 ng $mL^{-1}$. The reproducibility of the proposed method, on the 10 replicate measurements, was 1.3%. The influence of the pH, type and volume of the water-miscible organic solvent, concentration of FSA, concentration of the complexing ligand and the effect of different diverse ions on the extraction and determination of $Cu^{2+}$ ions were investigated. The proposed method was applied to the extraction and determination of $Cu^{2+}$ ion in different synthetic and natural water samples.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 1993

The risks of homologous blood transfusion are well documented and recently increased with the emergence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This is a report concerning 29 consecutive adult with no blood conservation patients (Group I) who had an elective cardiac operations. A similar group of 29 patients operated on 1992 but with blood conservation (Group II). In I of Group I patients and 15 of Group II patients, no homologous blood products were required. Group II patients used significantly less fresh frozen plasma (2.05${\pm}$0.68 unit versus 6.52${\pm}$0.72 unit, p<0.05) and the homologous blood transfusion (0.42${\pm}$0.9 unit versus 3.64${\pm}$0.17 unit, p<0.05) than Group I patients. Group II patients had also significantly less postoperative bleeding (338${\pm}$39.9 ml versus 585${\pm}$93.0 ml, p<0.05) than Group I patients. Group II patients recieved 460${\pm}$62.6 ml of mediastinal shed blood in acquired group. In conclusion, a simple and inexpensive blood conservation program, mainly combining autologous blood removal before bypass, retransfusion of the volume remaining in the oxygenator, and consistent autotransfusion of mediastinal shed blood has enabled us to avoid infusion of homologous blood in 15/29 patients of Group II patients. No side effects or complicatinos could be related to the blood conservation program.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.283-292
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplements of mineral(pegmatite) powder on the growth performance and meat quality during 14 month in 24 heads of Hanwoo steers. The Hanwoo steers were randomly allotted 3 treatments(8 heads I treatment); Control(0 %), Tl(supplemented with pegmatite 2.0% and vitamin A 0.2 %), T2(supplemented with pegmatite 2.0 %). The body weights of control, Tl and T2 were 646.2 kg, 624.0 kg and 656.8 kg on 26 month respectively. The daily gain was higher in T2(0.87 kg) than the others. The concentration of vitamin A(retinol) in the blood serum in T1(61.75 $\ell$ I dl) was higher than' control(41.93$\ell$ I dl) and T2(46.10mg I dl)(P < 0.05). The concentration of total cholesterol was lowest in TI (130.17mgI di) than the others(P< 0.05). Marbling scores and meat quality grade were to significnatly higher in T2(5.50 and 3.50) than control(2.71 and 1.83) and Tl(3.00 and 2.00)(P< 0.05).