• Mycobiology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2003

Isolates of Trichoderma spp. collected from Pleurotus ostreatus and P. eryngii beds, which included loosened substrate compactness and development of green colour, were grouped into three species. The occurrence of different species of Trichoderma was as T. cf. virens(70.8%), T. longibrachiatum(16.7%) and T. harzianum(12.5%). The conidia of Trichoderma spp. were ellipsoidal, obovoid and phialides were bowling pins, lageniform and the length of phialides was $3.5{\sim}10.0{\times}1.3{\sim}3.3{\mu}m$. Phialides of T. cf. virens and T. harzianum were tending clustered, but it was solitary disposition in T. longibrachiatum. T. cf. virens was characterized by predominantly effuse conidiation, sparingly branched, and fertile to the apex and it was penicillate type. RAPD analysis could detect variability amongst three different species of Trichoderma using two newly designed URP-primers. However, intra-specific variation could not be detected in all the isolates except for rDNA sequence data classified Trichoderma isolates into three distinct groups representing three species. The profiles of rDNA sequences of isolates representing a species showed high similarity in T. cf. virens and T. harzianum. However, there was a variation in rDNA sequences of isolates representing T. longibrachiatum. The results of present study reveals that molecular techniques of RAPD and rDNA sequencing can greatly aid in classification based on morphology and precise identification of fast evolving species of Trichoderma.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.287-293
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• 1999

To assess the effects of gamma-ray (Co-60) on radiation sensitivity and genetic similarity of the basidiospore and mycelium in oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, the D$_{10}$ values and RAPD patterns were analysed. Three strains were isolated from basidiospores (PO-Bl, -B2, and - B3 from 2 kGy irradiation group) and five strains from mycelia (PO-Ml, -M2 from 1 key, PO-M3 from 2 kGy, and PO-M4 and -M5 from 2+1 key irradiation group). The D$_{10}$ values of basidiospore and mycelium of P. Preurotus ostreatus were 1,250 Gy and 500 Gy, respectively. The growth rates of the eight strains on the five media were various and the activities of extracellular chitinases of them were generally higher than those of the control. By the gamma-ray radiation, 22-25% of genetic similarities were changed in the basidiospore strains and 23-36% of them in the mycelium strains. From these results, it seems that the basidiospore could be more radio-resistant than the mycelium of P. ostreatus and that the genetic similarity of the mycelium of P ostrentus could be changed easier than that of the basidiospore by the gamma-ray radiation.ion.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2006

This study investigated housewives' perception of local special foods in Gwangju and Jeonnam in Gang Jin. Of 150 questionnaires sent, there were 114 responses. The most perceptible local special foods in Gwangju and Jeonnam area are as follows: Watermelon in Gwangju (100.0%), Pear in Naju (90.0%), Rice in Suncheon (40.0%), Gorosoe in Gwangyang (76.7%), Hongeo in Mopko (63.3%), Dolsan leaf mustard Kimchi in Yeosu (100.0%), Sweet Persimmon in Jangseong (86.7%), Salted bamboo sprout in Damyang (46.7%), Apple in Gokseong (90.0%), Butterfly rice in Hampyeong (63.3%), Gorosoe in Gurye (56.7%), Onion in Muan (96.7%), Peach in Hwasun(40.0%), Dallmaji rice in Yeongam (50.0%), Oyster mushroom in Jangheung (63.3%), Green tea in Boseong(96.7%), Heuksanhongeo in Sinan (53.3%), Loess sweet potato in Haenam (83.3%), Kukija in Jindo (60.0%), Laver in Wando (76.7%), Tohajeot in GangJin (73.3%), Citron in Goheung (90.0%), and Gulbi in Yeonggwang (100.0%). The most perceptible area and local special foods in Gwangju and Jeonnam area were in the following order: Green tea in Boseong (17.37%), Tohajeot in GangJin (15.97%), Watermelon in GwangJu (10.0%), Pear in NaJu (9.3%), and Loess sweet potato in Haenam (9.3%).

• 한국균학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.109-111
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• 2000

느타리버섯(원형1호 느타리) 자실체의 부위별로 지방산 조성을 조사한 결과 linoleic acid는 갓부위에서 가장 높았고 대부위로 갈수록 낮아지는 경향이었고 stearic acid와 palmitic acid는 대부위로 갈수록 증가하는 경향이었다. 생육시기별 지방산조성은 oleic acid의 경우 버섯원기형성 후 $11{\sim}12$일 까지는 점차 증가하다가 이후부터는 감소하는 경향을 보였고 linoleic acid와 불포화지방산대비 포화지방산의 비율은 원기형성 후 $3{\sim}4$일까지는 증가하다가 그 후부터는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제24권2호통권77호
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• pp.89-92
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• 1996

폐면을 이용한 느타리버섯(Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel)의 가을재배에서 배지량에 따른 자실체 수량과 초발이 소요일수에 미치는 영향을 시험한 결과 전 배지 공히 배지량이 증가할수록 수량이 증가되었으며, 그 중 폐면 + 볏짚 (6 : 4, V/V) 혼합처리가 증수특이 가장 컸으며$(10{\sim}22%)$, 폐면단용처리가 입상량간 증수특이 가장 완만하였다$(7{\sim}15%)$. 초발이 소요일수는 입상량이 적을수록 빨랐고, 특히 왕겨혼합처리(5 : 5, V/V) $50\;kg/m^2$가 다소 빠른 경향이었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2007

Tolaasin, a pore-forming peptide toxin, is produced by Pseudomonas tolaasii and causes brown blotch disease of the cultivated mushrooms. P. tolaasii 6264 was isolated from the oyster mushroom damaged by the disease in Korean. In order to isolate tolaasin molecules, the supernatant of bacterial culture was harvested at the stationary phase of growth. Tolaasin was prepared by ammonium sulfate precipitation and three steps of chromatograpies, including a gel permeation and two ion exchange chromatographies. Specific hemolytic activity of tolaasin was increased from 1.7 to 162.0 HU $mg^{-1}$ protein, a 98-fold increase, and the purification yield was 16.3%. Tolaasin preparation obtained at each purification step was analyzed by HPLC and SDS-PAGE. Two major peptides were detected from all chromatographic preparations. Their molecular masses were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and they were identified as tolaasin I and tolaasin II. These results demonstrate that the method used in this study is simple, time-saving, and successful for the preparation of tolaasin.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2005

The partial nucleotide sequences of the genomic dsRNA mycoviruses infecting Pleurotus ostreatus (isolates ASI2596, ASI2597, and Bupyungbokhoe) and Agaricus blazei Murrill were determined and compared with those of the other dsRNA mycoviruses. Partial nucleotide sequences of the purified dsRNA from ASI2596 and ASI2597 revealed RNA-dependent RNA polymerase sequences that are closely related to Oyster mushroom isometric virus 2, while nucleotide sequences and the deduced amino acid sequence from dsRNA mycovirus infecting Agaricus blazei did not show any significant homology to the other dsRNA mycoviruses. Specific primers were designed for RT-PCR detection of these dsRNA viruses and were found to specifically detect each dsRNA virus. Northern blot analysis confirmed the homogeneity of RT-PCR products to each purified dsRNA. Altogether, our results suggest that these virus-specific primer sets can be employed for the specific detection of each dsRNA mycovirus in infected mushrooms.

• Mycobiology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.157-160
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• 2008

This study was carried out to determine the possibility of bottle cultivation utilizing recycled oyster mushroom culture waste as a cultivating substrate for P. ostreatus. Total nitrogen percentage was 0.76%, 1.13%, 1.16%, 1.36%, and 1.38% in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-time mixed substrate, respectively; 0.95%, 1.04%, 1.34%, 1.36%, and 1.25% in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-time postharvest substrate, respectively; and 0.72% and 0.68% in the 2- and 3-time nonadditive substrate, respectively. Weight of the fresh fruiting body harvest was 115 g, 120 g, 117 g, 118 g, and 114 g on 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-time mixed substrate, respectively; and 105 g and 45 g on 2- and 3-time nonadditive substrate, respectively. The first mixed substrate (fresh) and recycled substrates generated no significant difference in the weight of fresh fruiting bodies harvested.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1271-1283
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• 2007

A fibrinolytic protease (PoFE) was purified from the cultured mycelia of the edible oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, using a combination of various chromatographies. The purification protocol resulted in an 876-fold purification of the enzyme, with a final yield of 6.5%. The apparent molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 32 kDa by SDS-PAGE, fibrin-zymography, and size exclusion using FPLC. The optimal reaction pH value and temperature were pH 6.5 and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. PoFE effectively hydrolyzed fibrinogen, preferentially digesting the $A{\alpha}$-chain and the $B{\beta}$-chain over the ${\gamma}$-chain. Enzyme activity was enhanced by the addition of $Ca^{2+},\;Zn^{2+},\;and\;Mg^{2+}$ ions. Furthermore, PoFE activity was potently inhibited by EDTA, and it was found to exhibit a higher specificity for the chromogenic substrate S-2586 for chymotrypsin, indicating that the enzyme is a chymotrypsin-like metalloprotease. The first 19 amino acid residues of the N-terminal sequence were ALRKGGAAALNIYSVGFTS, which is extremely similar to the metalloprotease purified from the fruiting body of P. ostreatus. In addition, we cloned the PoFE protein, encoding gene, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The cDNA of cloned PoFE is 867 nucleotides long and consists of an open reading frame encoding 288 amino acid residues. Its cDNA showed a high degree of homology with PoMEP from P. ostreatus fruiting body. The mycelia of P. ostreatus may thus represent a potential source of new therapeutic agents to treat thrombosis.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2012

선행연구인 큰느타리버섯의 자실체 특성연구에 기초하여 속성형질과 품질이 우수한 계통을 선발하여 품질이 우수하면서 조기에 수확할 수 있는 품종을 육성하고자 하였다. 수확소요일수가 우수한 KNR2503과 품질이 우수한 KNR2322를 육종모본으로 정하고 이들 계통으로부터 유래한 단포자의 특징을 조사하고 KNR2322는 자식, KNR2322와 KNR2503은 혼합하여 교배를 실시하였다. $KNR2322-4{\times}37$은 품질과 갓형태에 있어서 육종학적 가치가 우수하였고, 여기에서 유래한 자식계통 $KNR2322-4{\times}37-6{\times}12(B)$는 수확소요일이 20일 정도로 길었지만, 무게가 68.5g 품질이 6.5로 우수하여 육종모본으로 선발하였다. $KNR2322-30{\times}KNR2503-60(A)$은 수확소요일이 13.5일로 육종모본으로서의 가치가 있었다. 육종모본 A와 B 교배결과 A8B8과 A8B10이 수확소요일, 무게, 품질이 각각 14.0일, 88.8g, 92.7g, 7.0, 7.1로 우수하였다. 고유성 검사의 일환으로 기존품종(큰느타리3호)를 대조구로 핵산지문법과 대치배양을 실시하였는데, 다형성과 대치선이 존재하여 유전적으로 차별성이 있는 것으로 사료되었다. 선발된 두 계통중 A8B8은 "새송이1호"라고 명명하고 국립종자원에 품종보호등록을 하였다.