• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 1994

The effects of paraquat administration on glutathione was studied in rats. The contents of glutathione in the liver, kidney and lung were significantly decreased but the alteration was not significant in blood by paraquat administration. The decrease occured without concomitant increases in oxidized glutathione (GSSG) or in the GSH/GSSG ratio. The activities of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase in liver and kidney were decreased by paraquat administration. And γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activities were significantly decreased in kidney and lung of paraquat treated-rats. These results suggest that the decreased synthesis of glutathione by paraquat were an important mechanism of the decreased level of glutathione in liver and kidney, and decreased glutathione transport was a factor on the changes of glutathione contents in lung.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.37-46
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• 2004

Effects of Boonsimgieum aqua-acupuncture at $Naegweun(HP_6)$ and $Taecheung(LV_3)$ on liver and plasma lipid composition and antioxidative capacity were investigated in rat fed high oxidized fat. Concentrations of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed a tendency to increase in the high oxidized fat diet group. However these values showed a tendency to decease in aqua-acupuncture groups. HDL-cholesterol showed no significantly different in all the treatment groups. Liver total cholesterol values showed a high in control group, however other treatment groups showed no significantly different. Liver triglyceride concentration showed a high value in control group and $Naegweun(HP_6)$ aqua-acupuncture group showed lower value than $Taecheung(LV_3)$ aqua-acupuncture group. Plasma GOT and GPT values showed a tendency to increase in high oxidized fat diet group. However aqua-acupuncture groups showed a lower values than control group. The concentration of TBARS in liver and plasma showed a high values in high oxidized fat diet group, however these values showed a tendency to decrease in aqua-acupuncture group. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity values showed a low values in high oxidized fat diet group, however these values showed a tendency to increase in aqua-acupuncture groups and in aqua-acupuncture groups, these values showed no significantly different.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.926-930
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• 2003

Effects of powdered pine needle (Pinus densiflora seib et Zucc) on serum and liver lipid composition and antioxidative capacity were investigated in rat fed high oxidized fat. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 161.25$\pm$2.51 g were blocked into four groups according to body weight and raised seven weeks with basal diet (normal group, I), basal diet and 10% oxidized fat (control group, II), basal diet, 10% oxidized fat and 2% powdered pine needle (2% powdered pine needle group, III) and basal diet, 10% oxidized fat and 3% powdered pine needle (3% powdered pine needle group, IV). Food intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency were not significantly different among oxidized fat diet groups. The level of plasma total cholesterol showed a tendency to decrease, whereas the plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration revealed a tendency to increase in pine needle groups. However plasma triglyceride level showed no significant differences in the treatment groups. Intake of the oxidized fat has increased the levels of liver cholesterol and triglyceride. The powdered pine needle showed a tendency to decrease thiobarbituric acid values in plasma and liver. The pine needle samples have also decreased the plasma GOT and GPT activities, whereas they have increased the liver glutathione peroxidase activity.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.81-91
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• 1990

Nutritional ceroidosis accompanied with histopathological changes such as myopathy and visceral ceroidosis, was experimentally induced by feeding the oxidized feed with the peroxide value of 98meq/kg, to common carp resulting in some motalities of carp. To see the effect of treacetment survivors of the above fish were orally administered by feeding diets containing daily doses of 3mg and 6mg of glutathione per kg fish for 10 days or 20 days. While control and 3mg dosage group retained viscerral ceroidosis and showed evidence myopathy histo pathologically, the fish treated with 6mg of glutathione for 20days showed obvious reduction of macrophages of ceroid in the viscera.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.155-169
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• 2007

1. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the anti-oxidative effect of Nocyongdaebo-tang (NYD) decoction in oxidized rats induced by AAPH. 2. Methods AAPH (2.2-azobis-2 aminodinopropane-hydrochloride) was injected intraperitoneally to induce oxidization and NYD was orally administered to the rats. To observe the anti-oxidative effect of NYD, we performed blood chemistry analysis, histological analysis, and evaluated the levels of SOD, catalase, glutathione, NO and MDA in liver. 3. Results & Conclusions 1) Serum Albumin level was increased significantly in the NYD group as compared with the control group and the saline group. 2) Serum LDL-cholesterol level was reduced significantly in the NYD group as compared with the control group. 3) GPT level in liver was reduced significantly in the NYD group as compared with the control group. 4) SOD, catalase activity and glutathione levels were increased significantly in the NYD group as compared with the control group and the saline group. 5) The levels of NO and MDA were reduced significantly in the NYD group as compared with the control group. 6) The degenerative change of liver tissue of NYD group was decreased in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, NYD decoction is considered to have an anti-oxidative effect in rats.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.323-330
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• 2004

Effects of Guemengja (Rosae Laevigatae Michx.) Extracts on serum and liver lipid composition and antioxidative capacity were investigated in rat fed high oxidized fat. Twenty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 159.35$\pm$2.17g were blocked into four groups according to body weight and raised seven weeks with basal diet (normal group, I), basal diet and 10% oxidized fat (control group, II), basal diet, 10% oxidized fat and 100mg/kgg Guemengja Extracts (100mg/kg Guemengja Extracts group, III) and basal diet, 10% oxidized fat and 200mg/kg Guemengja Extracts (200mg/kg Guemengja Extracts group, IV). The level of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride showed a tendency to decrease, whereas the plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration revealed a tendency to increase in guemengja extracts groups. The level of liver total cholesterol showed no significantly different in all treatment groups, however the level of liver triglyceride showed a tendance to decrease in guemengja extracts groups. Thiobarbituric acid(TBARS) values in plasma and liver showed a tendence to decrease in guemengja extracts groups. The guemengja extracts samples have also decreased the plasma GOT and GPT activities, whereas they have increased the liver glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 1991

The effects of acute and chronic ethanol administration on hepatic and cerebellar glutathione (GSH) statuses and lipid peroxide levels in rats were investigated. In the liver, chronic ethanol feeding (6.9 g/kg, per day) as 10% (v/v) drinking water for 4 weeks produced a slight decrease of total GSH and an increase in the ratio of GSSG/total GSH without change of GSSG (oxidized GSH). Lipid peroxide level however was not modified. Many other studies have shown the acute ethanol loading effect in the rat liver, that is moderate decrease of total GSH and elevation of lipid peroxide level. Relating to this, it was observed that total GSH in the plasma obtained from post. hepatic inferior vena cava was increased by acute ethanol injection (50 mmol/kg, i.p.). This increased hepatic efflux of GSH into blood, in addition to the promoted antioxidative utilization of GSH, could be suggested as one of the possible reasons for the decrease of hepatic GSH induced by ethanol load. In the cerebellum, acute ethanol load did not change the total GSH and GSSG, but increased the lipid peroxidation rate. In the chronic, neither GSH pattern nor lipid peroxidation rate was changed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2000

We investigated the levels of glutathione (GSH) and its oxidized form (GSSG) in 24 cell lines derived from various plant species to understand the antioxidative mechanism in plant cell cultures. The total glutathione content was 98$\pm$27 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt, showing a slight difference in plant species. The average contort of GSH and GSSG was 72$\pm$20 and 26$\pm$10 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt, respectively. The average GSH content in plant cell lines occupies approximately 73% in total glutathione. During the suspension cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis, one of the plant species we tested, the GSH content decreased in proportion to the cell growth during the exponential growth stage, showing the low level at the stationary growth stage (84 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt), whereas the GSSG content increased to the stationary growth stage (31 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt). The results suggested that the ratio of GSH and GSSG should be involved in the cell growth and antioxidative mechanism in cultured cells.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.460-463
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• 1999

The kinetics for the reaction of superoxo chromium(III), $CrO{_2}^{2+}$ and glutathione(GSH) have been studied spectrophotometically in aqueous solution. Because the reaction is slow under our experimental conditions the initial rate method is used. Also the reaction fit in second order kinetics. Glutathione is oxidized by chromium complex containing oxygen. The rates of reactions depend on the presence of alcohol(MeOH or 2-PrOH) and oxygen. From these observations it is suggested the real oxidant for glutathione is not superoxo chromium, $CrO{_2}^{2+}$ but chromyl, $CrO^{2+}$.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.497-504
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• 2000

To document that effects of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ on full-thickness skin grafts in rat, we performed full-thickness skin grafts bilaterally on each rats. The HBO-treated rats were received HBO twice daily for 90 minutes at 2 ATA. Surgical control rats were not treated with HBO. ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ treated rats were received the agent via oral gastric tube daily for 3 days preoperative and a fourth dose 1 to 2 hours postoperative. HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ treated rats were received HBO and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ as mentioned above. Biopsy specimens were taken from each rat at the time of grafting and on days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28, then were processed for tissue-concentration of total glutathione(GSHt), oxidized/reduced glutathione level, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance(TBARS) levels. The percentage of viable graft on day 10 ranged from 67 to 93%, and was not significantly different among the each other groups. The percentage of viable graft were, however, higher in HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ treated rats(78.6%) than in HBO alone treated rats(59.1%), ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ alone treated rats(66.7%) and surgical control rats(58.2%). TBARS concentration had a significant increase from preoperative concentration at day 2, and peak concentration at day 4(p<0.01). Concentration then decreased to preoperative concentration at day 28. GSHt concentration of free skin graft had a similar patteren of change in four groups and decreased significantly from preoperative concentration at day 2, returning to preoperative concentration by day 7(surgical control, HBO-treated, and ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$, alone) and 28(HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$). Percentage of the concentration of reduced glutathione decreased in surgical control, HBO-treated and, ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$(p<0.05), and HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treared$(p<0.01) on day 7 after surgery, whereas the concentration of oxidized increased significantly in HBO-treated(p<0.05), ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$(p<0.05), and HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$(p<0.01).