• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 해양환경안전학회 2017년도 공동학술발표회
• /
• pp.182-182
• /
• 2017

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.71-91
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to provide baseline data for implementing advanced life-support for 119EMTs. This is done with an in-depth examination of the emergency care experiences of the 119EMTs on-site and during transportation. Methods: Interviews were conducted with twelve 119EMTs, and the data were analyzed using the phenomenological method. Results: The 34 topics had 19 sub-components and were analyzed according to seven categories: 'A work environment where you cannot focus only on emergency care on-site and during transportation', '119EMTs struggling with manpower shortage', 'Current status of education blocking the upward standardization of 119EMT', 'Implementation of professional emergency care was held back due to the limited legal scope of 119EMT', 'Medical oversight makes it difficult to implement emergency care due to low flexibility', '119EMTs who cannot choose hospital selection and find it difficult to receive help', 'An evaluation system not reflecting reality at all that only leaves high scores'. Conclusion: This study was undertaken to implement specialized emergency care for 119EMTs; not only the necessity of reviewing the expansion of the work scope of 119EMTs but also the necessity of effective 'Medical Oversight system' reorganization raised as well.

• 미국학
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.115-143
• /
• 2020

The U.S. Congress has been known to effectively control the bureaucracy. On one hand, Congress adjusts the degree of discretion provided to the bureaucracy when making agencies or legislation: ex ante control. On the other hand, it also performs the oversight activities to punish or correct undesirable behaviors of bureaucrats: ex post control. While the dynamics of each control mechanism is widely examined theoretically, few have attempted to empirically investigate this with a special attention to partisan politics in Congress. I attempt to fill this gap by measuring the two types of control mechanisms, testing theoretical assertions, and analyzing the dynamics under the two control mechanisms.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
• /
• pp.561-566
• /
• 2011

In general, the early stage of urban renewal such as preparing a master plan and processing administrative works including planning permission are conducted by local governments in Korea. The local governments need to review the status of projects that are undergone in other local governments' territories. However, no integrated information system to manage information to this end at the level of nation exists in Korea. If the system would be developed, it may support central government to obtain information on required resources at the national level. In addition, local governments can gain guidance on the process and recognize potential problematic situations from others experience. The system should include functions to collect data on project summary, cost and schedule of projects according to local governments. The expected effects from using the information system are as following. First, information generated from project practice become more credible on account of management at the national level. Because the authorized party such as system administrative agents of governments are responsible for collecting and managing data. Second, the unified information system with no regard to the place where projects progresses reduces the efforts for accumulating reference data for aiding local governments decision making by providing appropriate information timely. Also, enhanced information accessibility for stakeholders make the project process clear. Finally, oversight management is enforced with visualization technology adopted in the system, presenting master plan and mass model including information on usage by floors and progressing information graphically. Ultimately, potential challenges can be anticipated by considering records accumulated from other local governments' projects. This paper presents concept, functionalities, and architecture of information system enabling to manage data from individual projects and aggregate those for oversight management for local and central governments. As a part of systems analysis, general requirements of briefing system for governments and necessary data fields to this end are identified.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.73-96
• /
• 2013

ICAO는 기존의 항공안전평가제도를 개선한 항공안전평가제도(USOAP)를 1995년 도입하였다. 이는 최근의 항공기 사고율 감소에 효과적인 역할을 하고 있다고 평가되고 있으며 이러한 성과를 바탕으로 2013년부터는 기존의 '스냅샷 방식'에서 '상시 모니터링 방식(USOAP-Continuous Monitoring Approach)'으로 전환하였다. ICAO 항공안전평가 결과는 오늘날 국제사회에서 국가의 '항공안전 신인도'를 판단하는 객관적인 지표로써 항공산업에 막대한 영향을 미치고 있으며, 특히 평가결과가 미흡할 경우엔 항공노선 확충 및 코드쉐어 금지, 환승객 감소 국제항공 비즈니스 및 보험료 인상 등 경제적 불이익을 감수해야 한다. 또한, ICAO는 기존의 법규이행(Prescriptive Approach)을 기본으로 하되 리스크 기반(Risk-based) 사전예방형(Proactive Approach) 항공안전시스템 개념을 새로 도입하는 등 국제항공안전정책 패러다임을 전환하여 왔다. ICAO가 새로운 국제항공안전정책을 추진함에 따라 대한민국 정부도 이에 발맞춰 국내항공안전정책을 변화시켜 왔다. 특히, 시스템적 안전관리를 위해 기존의 법규이행 중심의 정부 안전감독시스템에 리스크 기반의 사전 예방적 안전관리 개념을 도입하고 있으며, ICAO 국제기준에 따라 항공서비스제공자에게 자체 안전관리시스템(SMS)를 운영토록 항공법에 규정하였다. 또한, 항공안전의 중심 분야인 항공기 운항 및 정비 분야에 대한 안전 증진을 위해 다양한 안전정책을 추진하고 있다. 이러한 신 국제항공안전정책 패러다임 변화에 발맞춰 국제사회에서 가장 모범적인 항공안전시스템을 갖춘 나라로 확고히 자리 매김하고, 우리 항공의 경쟁력을 튼튼하게 뒷받침한다는 계획이다. 이를 위해서는 정부, 항공사, 연구기관 등 항공관계자가 모두가 노력할 때 실질적인 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.2557-2562
• /
• 2011

The purpose of Overall Railroad Safety Audit(ORSA) is to prevent railroad accidents, and, every two years, to inspect and evaluate whether or not railroad operators faithfully adhere to railroad safety guidelines in accordance with the Railroad Safety Law. However despite of the many contributions of ORSA, due to lots of railroad accidents such as train failures and derailment caused track irregularity this year, it has been recently considered that ORSA will be renewed into Safety Certificates System as a complement. In order to guarantee railroad safety, new Safety Certificates must included appropriate safety standards considering current our country's railroad conditions. Therefore, in this study we're going to compare safety components of foreign audit system with those of Airlines field, based on ORSA's contents for years, to review Safety Management System and Safety Culture, as a result, we'd like to suggest to updated Railway Safety Standards.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.141-153
• /
• 2017

Various aviation safety performance and safety oversight programmes including CRM, SMS and USOAP are operated in various sizes, depending on the capacity of each State. Despite such activities, greate and small, aviation incidents and accidents are continuously occurred. In relation to this point, this paper suggests a result of comprehensive literature review for the purpose of building an aviation safety performance theory. This paper will define the concept of aviation safety and following created common perception on aviation safety will, as basic materials, contribute to pursue consistence and systematic aviation safety activities.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2017

ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme is a comprehensive evaluation for aviation safety matters, including aircraft operation, licensing and aircraft incident/accident investigation. As this programme is measures aviation safety level of States, there is a need to meet international standards, especially in the field of aircraft incident/accident investigation. This research discusses points required to satisfy international standards, which are independence and autonomy of an accident investigation board, the lack of the enough number of investigators and efficient management of those personnel, the effective composition and use of an investigation report, an accident investigation itself to build big data and the creation of a cooperation system among States. This paper suggests various opinions in order to enhance aviation safety especially through aircraft accident investigations, using case studies from the US, UK and Japan.

• 한국항공운항학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항공운항학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.99-101
• /
• 2016

우리나라는 항공안전을 위한 지속적인 노력으로 국제적인 수준의 안전성을 유지하여 왔으나, 최근의 여러 항공사고의 발생과 급변하는 국제적 환경에 따라 항공안전관리체계의 개선 필요성이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 상황에 대응하기 위해 2014년부터 수행되고 있는 시스템 기반 항공(운항, 감항) 안전감독 지원시스템의 개발 이후 원활한 운영을 위하여, 운영에 필요한 기반에 해당하는 법령 고시 훈령 예규 등 법제도와 정책의 수립을 위한 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 항공안전감독 업무에 관련되는 국내외 법제도를 조사 및 분석하여 문제점을 파악하고, 국외 사례와 비교하여 개선방안을 제시한다. 주요 개선방안으로는 법령에 위험관리를 위한 체계의 정의와 그 역할에 대한 세부적인 명시 등이 필요하다는 시사점을 제시한다.

• 한국항공운항학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항공운항학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.117-124
• /
• 2016

현행 국내 항공안전감독 업무 및 시스템의 인허가 AOC(Air Operator Certificate) 관련 정보 확인 기능 부재, 연 월간 감독계획 간의 연계성 취약, 점검 데이터 활용 통계 및 분석 기반 취약, 점검 및 인허가 대상별 인허가 점검 관련 데이터 관리 기반 미흡, 제한적 시스템 기능 구현에 따른 상당 업무기능의 수작업 문서처리 등의 한계점을 파악하고 이를 개선하기 위한 대안으로 위험관리(Risk Management) 기법을 활용한 항공안전감독 업무절차 및 현행 운영 시스템의 개선모형을 도출하고 이를 적용한 운영체계의 구현 방향성을 제시하고자 한다.