• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6D
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• pp.931-936
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• 2008

Surveying by using terrestrial LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) is more rapid than by using total station which enables tunnel section profile surveying to be done in suitable time and minimize centerline error, occurrence of overcut and undercut. Therefore, utilization of terrestrial LiDAR has increased more and more in section profile survey and measurement field Moreover, studies of terrestrial LiDAR for accurate and efficient utilization is now ongoing vigorously. Average end area formula, which was generally used to calculate overcut and undercut, was compared with existing methods such as total station survey and photogrammetry. However, there are no criteria of spacing distance for calculating overcut and undercut through terrestrial LiDAR surveying which can acquire 3D information of whole tunnel. This research performed reverse engineering to decide optimal spacing distance when surveying tunnel section profile by comparing whole tunnel volume and tunnel volume in difference spacing distance. This result was utilized to produce CAD drawing for the test tunnel site where there is no design drawings. In addition to this, efficiency of LiDAR and accuracy of CAD drawing was compared with targetless total station surveying of tunnel section profile. Finally, error analysis of target coordinate's accuracy and incidence angle was done in order to verify the accuracy of terrestrial LiDAR technology.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.2 s.95
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• pp.123-129
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• 1999

Ball-end milling process is widely used in the die and mold manufacturing because of suitable one for the machining of free-form surface. During the process, the pencil cutting operation can be adopted before finish cut to eliminate overload in uncut area caused by large diameter of ball-end mill. The ball-end mill cutter for the pencil cutting is easily deflected by cutting force due to the long and thin shape, and the tool deflection in pencil cutting is one of the main reason of the machining errors in a free-form surface. The purpose of this study is to find the characteristics of deflected cutter trajectory by constructing measurement system with eddy-current sensor. It was found that the severe reduction of corner radius produced the overcut during the plane cutting. Up cutting method induced the overcut both plane and slope cutting, but down cutting one induced the undercut. From the experiments, down cutting with upward cutting path can generate the small undercut surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.42-46
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• 1993

This paper presents development of a pratical tool deflection compensation system in order to reduce the machining error by the tool deflection in the end-milling process. The system is a tool adapter which includes 2-axis force sensor for detecting tool deflection and 2-axis tool tilting device for adjusting tool position through computer interface in on-line process. In experiments, it is revealed that the force sensor applying parallel plate principle and strain gauge is proper to obtain dynamic process signal, and the tilting device using stepping motor and cam drive mechanism is suitable to have necessary action. By the system and control algorithm, it is possible to get precise machining surface profile without excessive machining error and overcut generated due to increased cutting force in more productive machining condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.291-294
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• 2000

Free-form surfaces arise in shipbuilding, automotive and aerospace industries. Specially compound free-form surfaces so do. Machining complicated products consist of compound surface, it is very important to avold and remove tool interferences. By the way, in compound surfaces the tool interference can occur not only in the tool path direction but also in the other direction. A new tool interference detection and correction using tool interference conditions is suggested to identify and correct the tool interference in compound surfaces.