• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.27
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• pp.319-346
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• 2012

The idiom is the fixed phrase with the traits of stable patterns, habitual uses, historic and ethnical characteristics. The numeral is categorized under the substantial, it represents the quantity or sequence, it can be divided into cardinal numerals and ordinal numerals. Although a considerable of the Korean numeral idioms generated from Chinese numeral idioms, however, due to various factors such as different historical background, customs, and language structure, in the long term, Korean and Chinese numeral idioms formed different characteristics in many aspects. This paper mostly examines the outside form of numeral idioms in Korean and Chinese. The aim is to summarize the different system of Korean and Chinese by analyzing the rules of the numeral idioms in Korean and Chinese.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

This study explores the emergence of a modern form of Cheongju-eup townscape in the late 1930s by re-examining the 1960s restoration model of Seongan-dong and Jungang-dong in Cheongju, one of the historic cities in South Korea. According to the acquired data from the restoration model, it is found that the construction of a new urban area during the late 1930 was resulted from the following events: the development of a railroad station located outside of the north gate of Cheongju-eup since 1921, the completion of Musimcheon embankment outside the south gate in 1932, and the construction of Chungcheongbuk provincial office outside the eastern gate in 1937. In this period of development, which the author named 'Cheongju-eup period', the streets in the old castle, consisting only of two-story financial buildings, had been expanded from the existing area at the Seongan-gil intersection to the outside the east gate of Cheongju-eup. In addition, public government buildings, which were mainly located in both Seongan-gil and Yulgok-ro in the east-west direction, were newly constructed during the late 1930s in Seokgyo-dong, a new area in which a large number of commercial buildings including department stores, clothing stores, shoes shops, and watch stores were also built along the streets. Moreover, the modern form of Cheongju-eup was to be formed by several construction projects in the area of Jungang-ro in the late 1930s. Until the 1920s, the townscape outside the northern gate of Cheongju-eup, were composed of primary, agricultural, and female schools built on a largest site of Gyoseo-ro and Daeseong-ro as well as a transportation warehouse and a railway office near the Cheongju station. Then, entering the 1930s, new school buildings and domestic industrial shops and factories were built around the area of Jungang-ro ranging from the railway outside the northern gate to Bangadari. As a result, the expansion of townscape with newly constructed buildings in the late 1930s marked the emergence of a modern form of Cheongju-eup.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.4-5
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• 2019

With recent advances in computer technology, the ratio of free-form building designs to those of the past is increasing gradually. However, the current technology of free-form structure is very low. The core technology for free-form building implementation is the manufacturing technology of FCP (Free-form Concrete Panel), which indicates an unformed outside, and through the development of FCP manufacturing technology, the construction technology of free-form architecture can be enhanced. The inside and outside of an free-form building should be represented by the designer's intended curvature, and the panel's thickness by segment should be constant. For this reason, the technology that keeps the thickness of panels constant during the FCP production process is a key technology that can improve the quality of FCP. In this study, a basic study on ways to maintain a constant thickness of FCP is conducted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.133-137
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• 2000

구문태그가 부착되지 않은 코퍼스를 사용하여 문법규칙의 확률을 훈련하는 비통제 학습(unsupervised learning) 방법의 대표적인 것이 CNF(Chomsky Normal Form)의 CFG(Context Free Grammar)를 입력으로 하는 inside-outside 알고리즘이다. 본 연구에서는 의존문법을 CNF로 변환하는 기법에 대해 논하고 의존문법을 위해 변형된 inside-outside 알고리즘을 논한다. 또한 이 알고리즘을 사용하여 실제 훈련한 결과를 보이고, 의존규칙과 구문구조 확률을 같이 사용하는 hybrid방식 구문분석기에 적용한 결과를 보인다.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.21
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• pp.213-254
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• 2010

The goal of this thesis is to make a comparative study about the variant form of the Chinese character in the five sorts of old maps drawing outside of the main gates of old map including DeDongYei-jido. The main task of this thesis can be classified under three heads - (1) introducing the literature of comparative study in the five sorts of old maps including DeDongYei-jido (2) classification of variant form in the five sorts of old maps (3) characteristic of variant form in the five sorts of old maps. In this thesis, aspect of variant form is classified under six head - (1) variation of the whole shape of the character (2) taking place the variation in both sides of Chinese character (3) taking place the variation in part (4) taking place variation in the strokes of the Chinese character (5) misusing different characters (6) changing different characters. This thesis explains some characteristic of variant form - (1) simplification of the shape of characters (2) using the Hou-qi-zi(後起字, Chinese character which is actually the same but made the next) (3) replacing the overlapped both sides of Chinese character with omit mark (4) a wrongly written character (5) discovering the variant form such as variant form of 廣, 广 variant form of 廛, variant form of 院 which was not recorded in Chinese literature. From now on, there should be some collections of variant form of Korean style and study. we are going to have to standardize aspect of variation and rule of variant form in old maps until we have to make some ways to recognize the block letter.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.16 no.2 s.31
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• pp.105-113
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• 1977

In this paper have been examained the relation of tssk performance to body size. the variation of venation of males, sex ratio, breeding by forms of worker's pupae and structure by forms of workers's colony to nest size in polymorphism of polydomous red wood ant, Formica rufa truncicola var. yessoensis Forel in Korea. 1. The workers are classified into three forms, in which small form mainly performs itself the task of nursing in the nest and the visit to aphid from the outside of the nest, medium and large form mainly do not only the stinct of prey carrying from the outside of the nest and nest structure, but the task of protecting colony of outside. But the small forms visiting to aphid is not always fixed but seems to be changed with season. 2. The variation forms of venation of males are fourteen, generally, they have various variations of the discoidal. 3. Generally, sex ratio of Formica rufa truncicola var. yessoensis Forel is the same proportion, but it seems that there are some difference according to its characteristic of colony in each nest and polydomous colony structure in its habitat. 4. In summer season the medium form makes a colony in high proportion without any relations with the size of nest but. during hibernation, small form coasists in small nest, medium in medium nest and large in large nest. And so the structure of worker's colony by forms according to their nest size seems to be changed with season.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.105-113
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• 2001

This research indicates to controversial point that store equipments were not applying correct development factor in the each apartment house by that change rate by scale and uniformity of form and inefficiency, effect of discount store is increasing in apartment house and progressed research. The result are as follows; First, interior main point of store of that influence greatly to change rate number of store be. Second, being lot area in jar in outside factor of store. Third, discount store separation appeared by leading person who influence greatly to change rate in middle who is contiguity market singleness residential quarter and contiguity existence of commercial district and nonexistence and discount store separation of only outside right near at hand. Construction of commerce equipment may have to consist in practical apartment house after examine various kinds factor such as store indoor, store outside and only outside while plan practical use of systematic and efficient commerce equipment focusing more in efficient utilization of commerce institution that consist after plan that is not planed commerce equipment focusing in development in plan of commerce equipment in apartment house hereafter accordingly.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.323-326
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• 1999

This paper describes a point matching method that is based on an expansion of the electromagnetic field in terms of a series of Bessel and modified Bessel functions multiplied by trigonometric functions. In this method, the electric and magnetic fields inside the waveguide core are matched to those outside the core at matching points on the boundary to yield matrix equations. As an example applying this method, the paper presents the results of the computation in the form of curves of the propagation constants in a semicircular optical waveguide, be formed by annealing for reduced insertion(radiation) loss when connected to optical fiber. The propagation curves are presented in a form of refractive index independent. Also, it presents relative energy distributions between inside the core and outside the core of various modes and presents field distributions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.5
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• pp.185-196
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• 1981

This study concerns Jeugo-ris' collar patterns according to the pictures of the actual measurement of the bequests in Yi dynasty. In early Yi dynasty not only outside collar but also inside collar was the Mog-pan collar. In middle Yi dynasty many Jeugo-ris' bequests has been discovered. The form of the collar was various In before and after the 1590's, the Mog-pan collar and Kal-collar, Dang-ko callar was coexisted. But after the 1700's Jeugo-ris' collar pattern was fixed to the Dang-ko collar. In early and middle Yi dynasty the width of the collar was three or four times as wide as it on these days. In late Yi dynasty the inside collar length was longer than the outside collar length and the width of the collar was gradually narrow. The same thing as the form of the collar on these days had been appeared from the 1900's.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.47-54
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• 2002

As the problems of environment have been increasing, the architecture is exploring ways toward development of a idea for future generation. The purpose of this study is design element of environment-friendly architecture, and a general concept and mark of environment-friendly architecture are considered. And then, the design element is analyzed to come true the mark by considering the internal and external examples. The related elements on design of environment-friendly architecture are proposed by considering estimation items: The items are divided into six branches that is placement strategy, outside space furtherance, form of building, room environment furtherance, supply processing system, and preservation administration. Through this process, this study is proposed applicable solution of a concrete plan.