• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제21권9호
• /
• pp.801-806
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we propose cascade-form velocity controller for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The proposed controller consists of a sliding-mode controller (SMC) for the inner current control loop and a model-predictive controller (MPC) for the outer velocity control loop. With SMC, we can ensure that the current tracking error always converges to zero in finite time. The SMC is designed to track the desired currents. Additionally, with MPC, we can obtain the optimal velocity control input which minimizes the cost function. Constraint conditions for input and input variation are included in the MPC design. The simulation results are included to validate the performance of the proposed controller.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.79-84
• /
• 2012

In this paper, a three-phase high-voltage converter (HVC), in which the main structure of each phase is composed of a cascaded PWM rectifier (CPR) and cascaded inverter (CI), is studied. A high-voltage grid is the input of the HVC. In order to ensure proper operation of the HVC, the control method should achieve output voltage sharing (OVS) among the rectifiers in the CPR, OVS among the inverters in the CI, and high power factor. Master-slave direct-current control (MDCC) is used to control the CPR. The ability of the control system to prevent interference is strong when using MDCC. The CI is controlled by three-loop control, which is composed of an outer common-output-voltage loop, inner current loops and voltage sharing loops. Simulation results show low total harmonic distortion (THD) in the HVC input currents and good OVS in both the CPR and CI.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.2173-2181
• /
• 2016

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have higher torque and superior output power per volume than other types of AC motors. They are commonly used for applications that require a large output power and a wide range of speed. For precise control of PMSMs, knowing the accurate position of the rotor is essential, and normally position sensors such as a resolver or an encoder are employed. On the other hand, the position sensors make the driving system expensive and unstable if the attached sensor malfunctions. Therefore, sensorless algorithms are widely researched nowadays, to reduce the cost and cope with sensor failure. This paper proposes a sensorless algorithm that can be applied to a wide range of speed. The proposed method features a robust operation at low-speed as well as high-speed ranges by employing a gain adjustment scheme and intermittent voltage pulse injection method. In the proposed scheme the position estimation gain is tuned by a closed loop manner to have stable operation in tough driving environment. The proposed algorithm is fully verified by various experiments done with a 1 kW outer rotor-type PMSM.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제29권8A호
• /
• pp.918-927
• /
• 2004

3GPP에서 정의한 3세대 무선 이동통신 시스템인 WCDMA 시스템에서는 기지국에서 단말로 데이터를 전송하는 하향링크의 전력 제어를 위해 단말의 Target Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR)를 변화시키는 외부 회로 전력 제어와, 설정된 Target SIR을 통해 기지국의 전송 전력을 변화시키는 내부 회로 전력 제어를 사용한다. 그러나 기지국의 성능을 유지하기 위해 단말에게 제공하는 전력량은 제한적일 수밖에 없다. 때문에 3GPP 권고안에서는 전력 제어를 동작시키는 구간인 Power Control Dynamic Range (PCDR)을 정의한다. 본 논문에서는 기지국의 성능 향상을 위해 PCDR을 단말의 상태에 따라 적응적으로 변화시키는 Adaptive PCDR (APCDR)을 제안한다. 제안하는 APCDR 기법은 수신하는 프레임을 기반으로 측정된 SIR 값의 추이를 통해 단말의 현재 상태를 판별하며, 이를 기준으로 각 단말에게 적응적으로 전력 제어 구간을 결정해주는 방법이다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 APCDR 기법은 기지국의 용량에 큰 영향을 끼치는 최대 코드 채널 전력량을 단말의 상태에 따라 변화시킨다. 최대 코드 채널 전력량을 변화시킴으로써, 각 단말이 순간적인 채널의 상태 변화에 의해 성능이 저하되는 것을 막고 반대로 기지국에서 멀리 위치하는 단말에게는 핸드오버가 이루어지기 전까지 보다 많은 전력을 제공한다. 이를 통해 전체적인 기지국의 Quality에 이득을 얻는다. 실험 결과는 고정된 PCDR을 갖는 경우와 제안하는 APCDR을 사용했을 경우, 용량에서는 거의 손실이 없는 것에 비해 단말의 Quality를 측면에서는 훨씬 향상된 결과를 나타내었다.s toward marriage and the family that existed before the course was reduced after the course. Also, there were gender differences in the attitudes toward love, spouse, sexuality, and gender-roles before and after the course, and there were significant impacts of the course for both genders, albeit in different directions.ethanol 농도가 높을수록 흡광도가 증가되었고 유기산 중 citric acid 에서 많이 증가되었다.생각되며 이를 위해 우리 모두가 폐백음식에 대한 올바른 이해와 인식을 가지도록 개개인의 진정한 관심과 노력이 요구된다고 여겨진다.는 r=0.5937였으며, 이 값들은 모두 1%의 높은 유의성이 있었다.지닌다. 그러므로 이는 개별 여건에 알맞는 유연한 기술 적용 여부를 결정하는 IT활용시 의사 결정자을 하는 사람의 몫이 될 것이다.pplying" where the dietitian answered they applied HACCP voluntarily. The "Non-applying" didn′t have many surveyed items.난 반만 여성에서는 보행 능력, 통상적인 일, 인생을 즐김 항목과 활동성 정도간 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 결론 : 암환자의 통증정도 및 지장정도는 여성이 남성보다 높았으며, 통증과 우울 및 활동도와의 상관관계에서 차이를 보였다. 앞으로 암성통증 관리 대책 수립시 여성과 남성의 이러한

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제29권9A호
• /
• pp.1048-1057
• /
• 2004

3GPP 에서 정의한 3 세대 우선 이동통신 시스템인 WCDMA 시스템에서는 가지국에서 단말로 데이터를 전송하는 하향링크의 전력 제어를 위해 단말의 Target signal to Intetference Ratio (SIR) 를 변화시키는 외부 회로 전력 제어와, 설정된 Target SIR 을 통해 가지국의 전송 전력을 변화시키는 내부 회로 전력 제어를 사용한다. 그러나 기지국의 성능을 유지하기 위해 단양에게 제공하는 전력량은 제한척일 수밖에 없다. 때문에 3GPP 권고안에서는 전력 제어를 동작시키는 구간인 Power Comol DymmlC Range (PCDR) 을 정의한다. 본 논문에서는 가지국의 성능 향상을 위해 PCDR 을 단말의 상태에 따라 적응적으로 변화시키는 Adaptlve PCDR (APCDR) 응 제안한다. 제안하는 APCDR 기법은 수신하는 프레임을 기반으로 측정된 SIR 값의 추이를 통해 단만의 현재 상태를 판별하며, 이 등 기준 jQ 」로 각 단말에게 적응적으로 전력 제어 구간을 결정해주는 방법이다 본 논문에서 제안하는 APCDR 기법 은 기지국의 용량에 큰 영향을 끼치는 최대 코드 채널 전력량을 단말의 상태에 띠 P 라 변화시킨다. 최대 코드 채널 전력량을 변화시킴으로써, 각 단악이 순간척인 채널의 상태 변화에 의해 성능이 저하되는 것을 막고 반대로 가지 국에서 멀리 위치하는 단말에게는 핸드오버가 이루어지기 전까지 보다 많은 전력을 제공한다. 이를 통해 선체적인 가지국의 Quanty 에 이득을 얻는다. 실험 결과는 고정된 PCDR 을 갖는 경우와 제안하는 APCDR 을 사용했음 경우, 용량에서는 거의 손실이 없는 것에 비해 단말의 Quallty 측면에서는 훨씬 향상된 결괴를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.1305-1317
• /
• 2015

Distributed generation systems (DGSs) have been getting more and more attention in terms of renewable energy use and new generation technologies in the past decades. The self-excited induction generator (SEIG) occupies an important role in the area of energy conversion due to its low cost, robustness and simple control. Unlike synchronous generators, the SEIG has to absorb capacitive reactive power from the outer device aiming to stabilize the terminal voltage at load changes. This paper presents a novel static VAR compensator (SVC) called a magnetic energy recovery switch (MERS) to serve as a voltage controller in SEIG powered DGSs. In addition, many small scale SEIGs, instead of a single large one, are applied and devoted to promote the generation efficiency. To begin with, an expandable mathematic model based on a d-q equivalent circuit is created for parallel SEIGs. The control method of the MERS is further improved with the objective of broadening its operating range and restraining current harmonics by parameter optimization. A hybrid control strategy is developed by taking both of the stand-alone and grid-connected modes into consideration. Then simulation and experiments are carried out in the case of single and double SEIG(s) generation. Finally, the measurement results verify that the proposed DGS with SVC-MERS achieves a better stability and higher feasibility. The major advantages of the mentioned variable reactive power supplier, when compared to the STATCOM, include the adoption of a small DC capacitor, line frequency switching, simple control and less loss.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2019

This paper analyzes the input side performance of a conventional three-phase to single-phase matrix converter (3-1MC). It also presents the input-side waveform quality under this topology. The suppression of low-frequency input current harmonics is studied using the 3-1MC plus capacitance compensation unit. The constraint between the modulation function of the output and compensation sides is analyzed, and the relations among the voltage utilization ratio and the output compensation capacitance, filter capacitors and other system parameters are deduced. For a 3-1MC without large-capacity energy storage, the system performance is susceptible to input voltage imbalance. This paper decouples the inner current of the 3-1MC using a Lyapunov function in the input positive and negative sequence bi-coordinate axes. Meanwhile, the outer loop adopts a voltage-weighted synthesis of the output and compensation sides as a cascade of control objects. Experiments show that this strategy suppresses the low-frequency input current harmonics caused by input voltage imbalance, and ensures that the system maintains good static and dynamic performances under input-unbalanced conditions. At the same time, the parameter selection and debugging methods are simple.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.1298-1307
• /
• 2017

The constant on-time current-mode controlled (COT-CMC) switching dc-dc converter is stable, with no subharmonic oscillation in its current loop when a voltage ripple in its outer voltage loop is ignored. However, when its output capacitance is small or its feedback gain is high, subharmonic oscillation may occur in a COT-CMC buck converter with a proportional-integral (PI) compensator. To investigate the subharmonic instability of COT-CMC buck converters with a PI compensator, an accurate reduced-order asynchronous-switching map model of a COT-CMC buck converter with a PI compensator is established. Based on this, the instability behaviors caused by output capacitance and feedback gain are investigated. Furthermore, an approximate instability condition is obtained and design-oriented stability boundaries in different circuit parameter spaces are yielded. The analysis results show that the instability of COT-CMC buck converters with a PI compensator is mainly affected by the output capacitance, output capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR), feedback gain, current-sensing gain and constant on-time. The study results of this paper are helpful for the circuit parameter design of COT-CMC switching dc-dc converters. Experimental results are provided to verify the analysis results.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.219-228
• /
• 2009

The growing application and the numerous qualities of induction motors (1M) in industrial processes that require high security and reliability levels has led to the development of multiple methods for early fault detection. However, various faults can occur, such as stator short-circuits and rotor failures. Traditionally the diagnosis machine is done through a sinusoidal power supply, in the present paper we study experimentally the effects of the rotor failures, such as broken rotor bars in function of the ac supplying, the load and show the impact of the converter from diagnosis of the machine. The technique diagnosis used is based on the spectral analysis of stator currents or stator voltages respectively according to the types of induction motor ac supplying. So, four different ac supplying are considered: ${\odot}$ the IM is directly by the balanced three-phase network voltage source, ${\odot}$ the IM is fed by a sinusoidal current source given the controlled by hysteresis, ${\odot}$ the IM is fed (in open loop) by a scalar control imposing through ratio V/f=constant, ${\odot}$ the IM is controlled through a vector control using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique inverter with an outer speed loop.