• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.427-438
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• 1998

In Korea, rotary implements are mainly utilized in the tillage operation. The attitude control system for rolling phenominon of tractors, which in caused due to uneven ground surfaces and sinkage of tractor wheels, is one of the most important control systems in agricultural tractors. The attitude control system of a rotary implement, attached on tractors, was designed and fabricated in this study. The control system was largely composed of four main units; a setting unit, a detection unit, a controller and a hydraulic unit. The implement was controlled by control signals from a computer proportional to controlled errors, on/off action of two directional solenoide valve and lift cylinder on the right lift rod. Response characteristic experiments for the control system fabricated in this study were carried out indoors and outdoors. The results of experiments showed the response characteristics sufficient to use as the attitude control system of rotary implements for agricultural tractors.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.92-95
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• 1994

We developed electric wheelchair INMEL-VI which is motorized wheelchair for practical use. The field test results of long time show some problems to disabled in daily use. INMEL-VII is designed to solve the problems of INMEL-VI and to adjust condition by the Korean Industrial Standards about the motorized wheelchair. Especially, it is improved to have durability, driving safety, and convenience of manipulating. In the driving field test in indoors and outdoors, it has been estimated to have a high practical use for powered walking aids to disable's daily life.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.646-657
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest methods to investigate continuous monitoring of concentration levels and assess the exposure of individuals considering the actual time activity of residents for formaldehyde and particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM_2.5) in the indoor and outdoor air of a house, assess the health risks of children and adults based on the results of the exposure assessment, and provide basic data on studies for assessing exposure and health risks in Korea in the future. Methods: The concentration levels of formaldehyde and particulate matter were measured in a family home in Gyeonggi-do Province from April 25 to July 31, 2019, using electrochemical sensors (formaldehyde) and light scattering sensors (PM₁₀, PM_2.5). Risk assessment by the duration of exposure by time activity was performed by dividing between weekdays and weekends, and indoors and outdoors. Results: The greatest level of carcinogenic risk from inhaling formaldehyde was indoors during the weekdays for both children and adults. For children, the risk was at 7.5 per approximately 10,000 people, and for adults, the risk was at 4.1 per approximately 10,000 people. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 also showed the greatest values indoors during the weekdays, with children at 1.7 people and 1.4 per approximately 100 people, respectively, and adults at 8.2 per approximately 1,000 and 1.8 per approximately 100 people, respectively. Conclusions: The risks of formaldehyde, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were shown to be high indoors. Therefore, consideration of exposure assesment for each indoor pollutant and management of indoor air quality is necessary.

• 한국화예디자인학연구
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• 제37호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2017

본 연구는 다문화 시대의 사회통합과 소통을 위한 정원활동에 대한 이론적 고찰을 토대로 하여 정원활동 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 원예식물 선호도와 원예활동에 대한 선호도를 조사하여 정원활동에 대한 프로그램을 개발하고자 하는데 있다. 본 연구에서 공동체 정원을 활용한 다문화 시대의 소통과 통합을 위한 정원활동 프로그램의 개발을 위하여 정원활동 및 원예 식물 선호도를 조사한 결과, 다문화인의 경우 꽃장식 및 공예활동, 실내 정원 및 실외 정원에서 식물기르기 활동 순으로 높게 조사되었으며, 내국인의 경우 식물을 이용한 요리활동, 실내 정원 및 실외정원에서 식물기르기 활동순으로 높게 나타났다. 식물 선호도에 있어서는 다문화인의 경우 식물 원산지와 다문화인의 본국의 환경적인 일치성으로 인해서 관엽식물이 가장 높게 조사되었으며 내국인의 경우에는 친환경 농산물에 대한 관심 및 최근 도시농업, 베란다 원예, 주말농장에 대한 수요 증가로 채소류에 대한 선호도가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 정원활동과 식물 분류에 대한 선호 결과를 토대로 소통과 사회통합을 위한 정원활동 프로그램은 정원 활동에의 가치를 생명존중의 가치, 돌봄에 의한 배려의 가치, 식물윤리에 의한 가치 3가지 영역으로 구분하였다. 구성된 8회기의 정원활동 프로그램이 다문화 시대의 사회통합과 소통에 적합한 프로그램인지를 알아보기 위하여 정원 및 다문화 분야 전문가를 대상으로 타당성 검증을 한 결과, 본 프로그램의 효과성을 입증할 수 있었다.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2022

최근 고령화로 인한 치매환자의 증가로 그들의 배회행동과 실종예방을 위한 대책이 시급하다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 다양한 인증 방법과 위치 탐지 기법들이 소개되고 있으나 개인인증의 보안성 문제와 실내·외를 전반적으로 확인할 수 있는 시스템은 찾아보기 어려웠다. 본 연구에서는 프라이빗 블록체인 환경에서 손목 밴드 형태의 웨어러블 디바이스를 활용해 개인인증, 기본적 건강 상태 파악 및 실내·외의 전반적인 위치를 파악할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 이 시스템에서 개인인증은 위변조가 어렵고 개인식별성이 높은 ECG를, 실내는 저전력, 비접촉 및 자동 송수신 방식으로 사용이 용이한 블루투스 비콘을, 실외는 GPS 위성의 의사거리 오차를 보정한 DGPS를 활용하여 치매환자의 위치를 파악함으로써 배회행동 및 이상징후를 탐지하고자 한다. 이를 통해 재가나 요양시설 등에서 생활하는 치매환자의 배회행동 및 이상징후 시 신속한 대처와 실종예방에 기여하고자 한다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.343-360
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• 1998

In this study, comprehensive air quality monitoring was undertaken with a variety of objectives to collect data on the levels of various indoor and ambient air quality parameters in the urban areas of Seoul and Taegu. The sampling sites were comprised of six offices, six residences and six restaurants in each city. The ambient air adjacent to the indoor sites was also simultaneously sampled for the same constituents. The sampling was conducted in two phases: summer of 1994 and winter of 1994/95. A range of air quality parameters were measured simultaneously, which include RSP, CO, COB, NOB, a range of VOC, airborne microbials, temperature, and relative humidity. The indoor and ambient levels of the pollutants measured in this study varied widely between the three types of environments studied. Comparison of median values for the three groups revealed that restaurants had higher indoor levels of most pollutants than homes or offices. There was also a clear pattern of the indoor levels of target pollutants being higher than those outdoors, particularly in restaurants. Concentrations of CO and most of the VOC were found to be significantly higher in the commercial districts, indicating the influence of vehicle exhaust emissions. A very wide range of VOC levels was documented in this study. Although median indoorloutdoor ratios indicated a generally increasing level of VOC indoors when compared to those outdoors, no statistically significant differences were found between indoor and outdoor VOC levels in homes and offices, implying the importance of ambient air quality in determining the quality of indoor air for homes and offices in urban areas. In addition, there was a general pattern of increasing concentrations from summer to winter, and similarly from outdoor to indoor air for nearly all target compounds. The seasonal differences in median levels were very clearly seen for fuel combustion related pollutants such as RSP, CO and VOC, this being attributed to the effects of increased fuel consumption during the cold season and to meteorological factors.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.323-329
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• 1995

The number of motor vehicles in Korea has increased to about 4 million, and the exhaust gases of these vehicles have become a more threatening factor to public health. Traffic policemen are one of the highest health risk groups since they work on roadsides where they are exposed to high levels of air pollutants. The health effects on them due to air pollution were determined by measuring personal carbon monoxide(CO) exposure and carboxyhemoglobin(COHb) level in blood. Thirty-one traffic policemen in Seoul volunteered to be subjects of the study. In October 1992, personal CO exposure was measured by a CO passive sampler. The subjects wore the CO passive sampler for 8 hours while on duty. The exposed samples were analyzed by gas chromatography. Blood samples from each subject were collected just after the exposure sampling, and were analyzed within 3 hours of blood collection by a CO-oximeter. The activities of the subjects were recorded by the subject in 30 minute intervals using an activity log sheet containing location and time spent. Personal CO exposure were ranged between 0.1 and 14.5ppm, eith an average of 5.9ppm. Carboxyhemoglobin levels ranged from 1.1% to 6.9%, with an average of 3.6%. policemen on duty outdoors had significantly higher CO exposures and COHb levels than policemen on duty indoors(p<0.01). Personal CO exposure and COHb were positively correlated, although the coefficient was not significant. The relationship between CO level and COHb level was confounded by smoking status. Among smokers, COHb level was significantly higher as CO exposure and hours worked outdoors increased.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2022

Micro-climate measurements and computational fluid analysis were conducted to use it as basic data for the preservation and management of the old house of Kim Myung-kwan, a traditional building that is National Folk Cultural Property No. 26. As a result of the actual measurement, the temperature and humidity are relatively evenly distributed indoors unlike outdoors, but the temperature and humidity vary depending on the time change and the installation location in the outdoors. It was found that the temperature increases after dawn and the temperature varies depending on the installation position around 14:00-15:00, when the temperature becomes the highest. In particular, the temperature was high at the outdoor measurement point adjacent to the building and the fence. As a result of the computational fluid analysis, the temperature was high in the buildings and fences in the old house or in the area adjacent to the building, and it was about 1℃ higher than the surrounding area. In this area, it is judged that the thickening of wood will occur more severely than in other locations, and special preservation management is required.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2022

고도화된 현대사회는 도시산업화와 대중교통으로 인한 대기오염 물질 중 미세먼지는 실외에서 실내로 유입되는 현상이 있다. 실내에서 사용하는 미세먼지 측정기는 제한적인 정보 제공과 오염 수치가 다르게 측정되어 사용자에게 원하는 데이터와 모니터링을 할 수 없는 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 실내 공기 질 데이터 미세먼지와 초미세먼지인 Dust(PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10), VOC(Volatile Organic Compounds)와 PIR(Passive Infrared Sensor)로 미세먼지 측정기와 모니터링시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 측정기는 지정한 구역에 설치하여 미세먼지를 실시간 측정하고 Google Cloud Platform의 App Engine을 통하여 데이터 수집 및 저장하고 시각화하여 사용자에게 제공하는 미세먼지 측정기와 모니터링시스템을 제안한다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the noise exposures of firefighters according to their time-dependent activity patterns. Methods: Personal exposure levels were measured for six days and nights using noise dosimeters; three days and nights for on-duty tasks, the other days and nights for off-duty activities. Results: The total amount of time spent in the workplace was 13,677 min (67%), outside areas 4,833 min (23%), in transit 1,002 min (5%), and other indoor area 807 min (4%) during a working period. However, during off-days they spent 10,858 min (76%) at home, 1,382 min (10%) outdoors, 1,225 min (9%) other indoors, and 493 min (3%) in transit. As a result of individual exposure levels, TWA did not exceed 90 dBA of the occupational exposure limit for the majority of the firefighters, whereas the levels of Lmax were 119 dBA, which were higher than the noise levels of firefighters in USA. Sometimes during dispatching the levels of Lpeak exceeded the ACGIH exposure standard (140 dBC). The Leq levels in transit were higher than the levels in home and other indoors even though the activity time is short. Conclusions: This paper characterized the noise exposure patterns of firefighters in Korea. We suggest that special noise sources, including sirens and speaker phones, should be readjusted to reduce noise exposure.