• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.119-126
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• 2009

This study focused on the analysis of residential satisfaction and environment awareness depending on the environment-friendly level on the outdoor space of the housing complexes. The purpose of this study is to present basic materials of the environment-friendly outdoor space planning of housing complexes. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, the results of the comparative analysis of the satisfaction of the outdoor space of apartment complexes show that the complexes with the most application of environment-friendly elements had higher residential satisfaction. But there was no meaningful statistical difference between the complexes with the higher level of application of the environment-friendly elements and the complexes with medium level of application. Secondly, according to a comparative analysis, the overall residential satisfaction of the apartment complexes was the same as the residential satisfaction of the outdoor space. Thirdly, the results of the correlative analysis of residential satisfaction and environmental awareness showed that the satisfaction of the apartment complexes decreases as the awareness of the environment-friendly apartment complex increases. The results of this study can be used as basic materials for environment-friendly outdoor space planning of apartment complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.13-27
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• 2009

This study focused on the analysis of residential satisfaction depending on the extent of the application of environmental-friendly elements on the outdoor space of the apartment complexes. The purpose of this study is to present the basic materials of the environmental-friendly outdoor space planning of residential complexes. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, the results of the comparative analysis of the satisfaction of the outdoor space of apartment complexes show that the complexes with the most application of environmental-friendly elements had higher residential satisfaction. But, there was no meaningful statistical difference between the complexes with the highest level of application of the environmental-friendly elements and the complexes with medium level of application. Secondly, according to a comparative analysis, the overall residential satisfaction of the apartment complex was the same as the residential satisfaction of the outdoor space. Therefore, the overall satisfaction of the apartment complex seems to be influenced by the satisfaction of the outdoor space. Thirdly, the results of the correlative analysis of the satisfaction of the apartment complex showed that the satisfaction of the apartment complex increases as the satisfaction of the outdoor space of the apartment complex increases. The results of this study can be used as the basic materials for environmental-friendly outdoor space planning of apartment complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.71-82
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• 2004

During the IMF period the unsold of apartment housing was significantly increased due to financial problems. Apartment constructors had to severely struggle with fund problems and even some of them were bankrupted. Due to this fact, they had to find new marketing strategies to sell the apartment complexes even with low margins. One of the solutions was that housing companies could present a distinctive and outstanding outdoor space in apartment complexes. The purpose of this study was to investigate such differentiated marketing strategies by reviewing the apartment housing advertisements during the IMF period. The major findings through this study were as follows: 1. During the IMF period housing companies presented a distinctive and outstanding outdoor space in apartment complexes. In 1999, which was the peak of the IMF impact, there were frequent advertisements for apartment housing in daily newspapers. 2. Daily newspapers had been mostly used for advertising the apartments. A thorough review of them is very valuable in investigating differentiated marketing strategies of the outdoor space in apartment complexes. 3. The main theme of differentiation of outdoor space can be summarized as : Emphasis of the importance of healthy life, application of environment-friendly facilities, and use of traditional korean style elements in apartment complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.1 s.120
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• pp.36-47
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• 2007

This study intended to provide basic data for the future naming of outdoor areas in apartment complexes by conducting research into the causes, lengths of time, trends, and characteristics of the changes of outdoor space names of apartment complexes and by analyzing current images of outdoor space names. In order to explore the causes and intervals of changes of outdoor spaces in apartment complexes, related literature was surveyed, with on-site inspections being made to examine outdoor space names by time intervals. At the site selected for this study, a case study was conducted to determine the outdoor space names and to understand the trends in the changes of these name in the apartment complexes. Moreover, a questionnaire survey incorporating selected adjectives was administered to investigate the perceived images of outdoor space names and finished construction spaces. The results are as follows: 1. Causes driving changes in apartment outdoor space names included changes in apartment complex planning concepts, changes in the values and demands of apartment buyers, social values, and changes of brand. Intervals of changes were divided into two with the 1997 IMF financial restructuring of the Korean economy as the division. 2. In regards to trends in changes of apartment outdoor space names and their characteristics, various features applied to spaces have caused many changes, which resulted in the phrase $'\bigcirc\;\bigcirc+garden'$, expressions suggesting various images, and Korean names. 3. The results of the analysis of apartment outdoor space names and finished construction images revealed that there was a difference in all the spaces. This is thought to be mainly due to such issues as paved min, the use of ready-made goods, and figurative expressions. The results of the study above indicate that changes in outdoor space names of apartment complexes have been made simply as part of marketing strategies, with no consideration of the residents. Apartments, an important means of housing in Korea, account for more than 50% of Korea's total housing, and the naming of outdoor space serves as an essential element for residents. Therefore, outdoor spaces of apartment complexes should be named in consideration of the final appearance after construction is completed, with effort by the industry being required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.3 s.110
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• pp.31-42
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• 2005

Much has been made of the changes over time to apartment complexes during the era of rapid development in Korea. This study aimed at analyzing the chronological changes since the 1970s in the laws and regulations governing outdoor space and the residents' appreciation of outdoor space in Daejeon's apartment complexes. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Similar changes can be found throughout Daejeon's apartment complexes. As time has passed, the building-to-land ratio and the floor-to-land ratio have deceased. The high density trend of apartment complexes has continued until very recently. 2. Although residents' satisfaction with outdoor space around apartments has improved, land for athletic and commercial spaces still remains at its lowest level. Therefore, these kinds of spaces need improvement. 3. Comparing the characteristics of outdoor space in apartment complexes from the 1980s to present indicates that current apartment residents are much more satisfied with the outdoor space, but are conscious of the lack of adequate facilities for the elderly and the handicapped people, and of the hiか density of their apartment complexes. Therefore, these essential consciousness should also be further improved. 4. The residents are gradually becoming aware of changes to the outdoor space that have occurred over time in the apartment complexes, such as in the areas allowed to parking, pedestrians, and athletics. 5. These chronological changes relate to the residents' interest in the changes that have occurred to the outdoor space, especially the convenience of parking, the color of the buildings, the form of the buildings, and the shape of the roofs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.98-108
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• 1999

The purpose of this research is to help outdoor space planning reflected real needs of apartment residents in the differentiation elements of outdoor space, by using USC trade-off game in three apartment complexes in Seoul. This game method was used to evaluate their preference, reliability of preference degree, satisfaction degree, requirement elements such as improvement, sacrifice, maintenance of present condition, and payment possibility for improving and maintaining present condition, in addition to their preference and payment possibility of differentiation of outdoor space in the apartment complex in the future. From the statical analysis, we found the following results: 1. Reliability of preference degree was valid, inasmuch as the first elements they preferred were the almost same as the last things. 2. Elements of preference were pedestrian ways, pedestrian security facilities, various athletic facilities, and variety and high-class facilities in a play ground. 3. Satisfaction degree of differentiation elements of outdoor space was low not only in total complexes but also in each complex. As a result of analysis, these elements were not satisfied with residents. 4. Most of the differentiation elements of outdoor space in three apartment complexes, except planting traditional trees, were required to improve and maintain present condition. The cost to improve and maintain these elements able to pay by them was about 2.18 million won. Through this result, these elements were not options but prerequisites for planning outdoor space in apartment complexes. 5. In the future preference elements of differentiation of outdoor space in apartment complexes were pedestrian and jogging ways, places with water, various athletic places and facilities, multi-function resting places, green spaces in experiences, pedestrian security facilities, various athletic facilities, variety and high-class facilities in a play ground, and payment possibility for these elements was about 3.20 million won.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to set up a model of affective evaluation to structurally and systematically analyse subjective affective expressions of human beings with regard to the residential environment and to analyse the correlation between affective responses of residents and physical elements by positively applying the model to the evaluation of outdoor space of apartment complexes as an area of study on evaluation of residential environment. The area for evaluation was limited to three apartment complexes situated in Daegu, and the subjects for evaluation were also limited to a group of residents(housewives) living at the three apartment complexes. The research method is summarized as follows. 214 affective words(adjective phrases) expressing outdoor space of apartments were selected from literature on random sampling basis, and reduced to 25 ones through factor analysis. Then, these 25 words were systematized by an affective evaluating scale with 7 categories of meaning. The evaluation was conducted with 324 homemakers living at the apartment complexes selected for evaluation from September 29, 2000 to October 5, 2000. SPSSWIN, a statistical program was used for analysis.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.237-241
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• 2006

The Qualitative improvements of outdoor spaces are unsatisfactory in comparison with that of indoor environment in existing apartments. Lately construction companies are differentiating the outdoor spaces of apartment complexes to meet needs of residents. However, high-rise buildings inherently have limitations on providing exposure to the outdoor settings and inappropriate lightings could have serious impacts on physical and psychological health of residents. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide useful information for the luminous environment of outdoor spaces through the analysis of current apartment complexes' lighting plans. Outdoor space of branded apartment complexes in Seoul, built after the year 2003, were researched. Through site visits, illumination level and lighting plans were investigated classified into entry area, passage area, plaza, rest area, exercise area, and play area. With the result, illumination level of apartment complexes researched was lower than KS illumination standard in all areas and the lighting plans were mostly shown in different condition of first intended lighting plan because of insufficiency of maintenance in lighting system. Therefore, it is need to provide better luminous environment to make outdoor space more lively and energetic at the night time.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.27-36
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• 2009

Lately construction companies are differentiating the outdoor spaces of apartment complexes to satisfy the needs of residents by providing underground parking area and variety of outdoor community spaces. Building walking networks through residential unit area, the major passage area and the entrance area of the complexes is very important factor to increase the use of the outdoor environment in the complexes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and the elements for the planning of exterior pedestrian spaces carefully through the analysis of current large-scale apartment complexes. In this study, the utilization of space, the connectivity to other spaces and the application of Universal design were evaluated through site visits in 5 large-scale apartment complexes. As a result, the utilization of space is well applied in the most of complexes especially in residential unit area. The connectivity to other spaces has low application compared to the others. Universal design is also well applied except sub criteria for the blind in most of complexes. This study will be able to help in providing better exterior pedestrian environment for residents in apartment complexes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.880-884
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• 2014

RT (reverberation time) of outdoor spaces surrounded by multi-storey buildings depends on many designable factors such as the openness, volume and building layouts, etc. This study therefore aims to clarify the influential factors for RT in outdoor spaces surrounded by buildings with complicated topographical conditions. A series of measurements were carried out for 15 outdoor spaces in 6 apartment complexes with different building layouts. An Empirical method considering the openness, averaged ray length and building high is also suggested, to predict RT approximately in the outdoor spaces. The overall results suggest that RT in outdoor spaces of apartment complexes is significantly influenced by source-receiver distance and building layouts.