• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide the fundamental data to improve a school building through comparing and analyzing facilities of high schools located in Gyeonggi - do Province on the basis of the Design Indicator for the Korean Educational Buildings. Two types of high schools were examined for this study. Some of them are high schools selected by Korean Ministry of Education as a school equipped with superior facilities and the others are high schools equipped with general facilities. 8 items such as safety, comfort, the function of education, utilization, the public, eco-friendliness, technology performance, economical efficiency were examined by 5 point Likert scale. Findings showed that all facilities of both types of high schools received high ratings in terms of safety, utilization, and technology performance. However, the evaluation index on 'various used outdoor space' and 'public buildings harmonized with surroundings' of the education function of both types of high schools was low, which implies that the facility related to the education function needs to be improved. It infers that facilities are simplified and harmony with surroundings disappears when altering the design of the school building due to the convenience of building and the problem of the budget. Therefore, these need to be primarily controlled. Additionally, in high schools with general facilities, the evaluation index on 'aesthetic interior and exterior design of comfort', 'the responsive space to the demand for teaching and learning of the function of education', and eco-friendless were so low that these factors need to be considered when designing the school building.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.298-305
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• 2022

Background: The concentration of air pollutants as measured by the Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS) is not an accurate population exposure level since actual human activities and temporal and spatial variability need to be considered. Therefore, to increase the accuracy of exposure assessment, the population should be considered. However, it is difficult to obtain population data due to limitations such as personal information. Objectives: The existing population defined in this study is the number of people in each region's grid. The purpose is to provide a methodology for evaluating exposure to PM_2.5 through existing population data provided by the National Geographic Information Institute. Methods: The selected study period was from October 26 to October 28, 2021. Using PM_2.5 concentration data measured at the Sensor-based Air Monitoring Station (SAMS) installed in Guro-gu and Wonju-si, the concentration for each grid was estimated by applying inverse distance weights through QGIS version 3.22. Considering the existing population, population-weighted average concentration (PWAC) was calculated and the exposure level of the population was compared by region. Results: The outdoor PM_2.5 concentration as measured through the SAMS was high in Wonju-si on all three days. Wonju-si showed an average 22% higher PWAC than Guro-gu. As a result of comparing the PWAC and outdoor PM_2.5 concentration by region, the PWAC in Guro-gu was 1~2% higher than the observed value, but it was almost the same. Conversely, observations of Wonju-si were 10.1%, 11.3%, and 8.2% higher than PWAC. Conclusions: It is expected that the Geographic Information System (GIS) method and the existing population will be used to evaluate the exposure level of a population with a narrow activity radius in further research. In addition, based on this study, it is judged that research on exposure to environmental pollutants and risk assessment methods should be expanded.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.282-292
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• 2020

In order to minimize casualties from marine vessel accidents that occur frequently at home and abroad, it is important to ensure the safety of the passengers aboard the vessel in the event of an accident. There is an EPIRB system as a system for disaster preparedness in the marine situation currently on the market, but there is a problem that the price is very expensive. In order to overcome the cost problem, which is a disadvantage of previous system, LoRaWAN-based communication is used. LoRaWAN communication-based vessel positioning and risk detection system based on LoRaWAN communication transmits measurement data of each module using two Beacon and GPS modules to stably perform position measurement for both indoor and outdoor situations. The rider danger situation detection system can detect the safety status of the rider using the 3-axis acceleration sensor, collect data from the rider positioning system and the rider safety status detection system, and send to server using LoRa communication. When conducting communication experiments in the long-distance maritime situation and actual communication experiments using the implemented system, it was found that the two experiments showed over 90% communication success rate on average.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1334-1338
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• 2005

A limit switch box is used for an indicator of a valve actuator. This device indicates an opening and closing of a valve or a throttle in the valve actuator. In a ship, equipments require safety and robustness because of a rough environment and a specific condition during a voyage. However, the limit switch box has been used in an indoor environment generally. This study developed a new limit switch box which can be used at an outdoor environment. This study designed the new limit switch box. The housing of the limit switch box was made by an aluminum die cast method with surface painting after anodizing or chromate coating. In order to evaluate the endurance of the housing, the endurance tests against salt water have been conducted. Experiment results showed that the proposed device provides a reliable performance against salt water.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2018

To study the effects of solar energy in a greenhouse, outdoor air temperature and wind speed on inside air temperature, a simulation model for forecasting the greenhouse air temperature was conducted on the basis of the energy and mass balance theory. Application of solar energy to the greenhouse is major area in the renewable energy research and development in order to save energy. Recently, considering the safety and efficiency of the heating of greenhouse, clean energy such as geothermal and solar energy has received much attention. The analysed greenhouse has $50m^2$ of ground area which located in jocheon-ri of Jeju Province. Experiments were carried out to collect data to validate the model. The results showed that the simulated air temperature inside a plastic greenhouse agreed well with the measured data.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.81-99
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• 2004

This study examined one room(studio apartment) residential deweller's housing behavior and housing need, and the relationship between the sense of housing values and housing satisfaction of one-room residence, The study surveyed 302 one-room residents in Busan city. The researcher modified, complimented, and used the previous researches on housing values and housing satisfaction. The analysis of the data used SPSS Win 10.0 program. The results of the research can be summarized as follows: 1. The motive of choosing one-room residence was mainly the closeness to the school or work, Jeonse(Rent with a one-room deposit) was more common than ownership, and the size is one-room residence was 10 to 15 Pyeong. 2. Among the five housing values of one-room residence dwellers, that is, amenity, indoor and outdoor environment, economy/convenience, convenience in transportation, and the interior functionality, the convenience in transportation was ranked highest, and the indoor and out door environment and economy/convenience followed. 3. The housing satisfaction of one-room residents was highest in location, and also high in the safety and the security or privacy, and the convenience of inside facility.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2019

도시녹지는 환경적, 정서적, 신체 활동적 측면에서 인간의 삶에 긍정적인 역할을 하고 있다. 기존의 알려진 긍정적인 역할 이외에 미시적인 환경을 대상으로 한 몇몇의 선행연구는 도시녹지가 안전성을 제고할 수 있는 연구결과를 보여주고 있다. 하지만, 광역적인 측면에서의 도시녹지와 안전성에 대한 연구는 부족하다. 따라서 본 연구는 미국 텍사스 오스틴 시를 대상으로 도시녹지요소를 독립변수로 설정하고, 도시안전성과 관련이 있는 실제 옥외범죄율을 종속변수로 하여 이들 간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 미국의 인구조사 통계청에서 제공하는 블록그룹을 분석 단위로 하여 오스틴 시의 사회 인구학적 특성을 파악하고, GIS 및 ENVI 프로그램을 활용하여 도시녹지 변수와 옥외범죄율 변수를 구축하였다. 통계분석방법으로는 도시수목비율에 따른 옥외범죄율의 비교를 위해 일원분산분석이 사용되었고, 사회 인구학적 특성을 통제시키며, 도시녹지변수와 옥외범죄율의 상관관계분석을 위해 최소자승법 회귀분석이 사용되었다. 일원분산분석결과, 도시수목비율이 0%~25%에 해당하는 지역의 acre당 연간 옥외범죄율은 1.20%로서 수목비율이 높은 25%~50%의 지역 및 50% 이상의 지역보다 acre당 연간 옥외범죄율이 각각 0.59%, 1.17% 높은 것으로 나타났다. 회귀분석결과, 소수인종비율과 학교중퇴자비율은 연간 옥외범죄율과 양의 상관관계를 보이고, 연간 개인소득수준과 도시녹지요소인 정규식생지수(NDVI) 및 공원 면적 비율은 연간 옥외범죄율과 음의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 도시의 안정성 제고를 위해 도시녹지의 공급이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2009

For the young period, privacy is a crucial factor in establishing one's own identities, values and relationships. The capacity of residential environment to protect individual's privacy takes considerable part in influencing psychological and physiological development of adolescents. This study analyzed adolescents residential values and the elements of spatial plans for the passage and outdoor in Apartment Design Competition of Suwon A district in 2008. One hundred and ten middle and high school students living in Metropolitan area were selected and questionnaire was conducted during February 7 to February 15 in 2009. The data was analyzed by SPSS 11.0 program using one-way ANOVA and crosstab. The study results were summarized as follows; First, the adolescents valued 'safety' the most, regardless of their age and gender and the safety of adolescents commuting should be considered. Second, protecting their own private territories was next important element among other elements. Privacy can be protected by using movable walls, changing the doorway, dividing parents' and adolescents independent territory. Third, in terms of convenience, choosing location of children's room and walking way should be considered. Forth, from the survey, demand for indoors leisure activity was highly valued and required for aesthetic point of view. Considering the sculptures and facilities must satisfy the aesthetics and practicality. Fifth, in terms of social needs, 61.6% of people answered positively to the community facilities for social relationship. Residential environment affects enormous part of adolescents emotional and academic development. Therefore, designing residential areas for adolescents friendly should reflect the demands for safety, territory, convenience, aesthetic and social life.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.3858-3874
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• 2021

As an essential part of the urban transportation system, precise perception of the traffic flow parameters at the traffic signal intersection ensures traffic safety and fully improves the intersection's capacity. Traditional detection methods of road traffic flow parameter can be divided into the micro and the macro. The microscopic detection methods include geomagnetic induction coil technology, aerial detection technology based on the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and camera video detection technology based on the fixed scene. The macroscopic detection methods include floating car data analysis technology. All the above methods have their advantages and disadvantages. Recently, indoor location methods based on wireless signals have attracted wide attention due to their applicability and low cost. This paper extends the wireless signal indoor location method to the outdoor intersection scene for traffic flow parameter estimation. In this paper, the detection scene is constructed at the intersection based on the received signal strength indication (RSSI) ranging technology extracted from the wireless signal. We extracted the RSSI data from the wireless signals sent to the road side unit (RSU) by the vehicle nodes, calibrated the RSSI ranging model, and finally obtained the traffic flow parameters of the intersection entrance road. We measured the average speed of traffic flow through multiple simulation experiments, the trajectory of traffic flow, and the spatiotemporal map at a single intersection inlet. Finally, we obtained the queue length of the inlet lane at the intersection. The simulation results of the experiment show that the RSSI ranging positioning method based on wireless signals can accurately estimate the traffic flow parameters at the intersection, which also provides a foundation for accurately estimating the traffic flow state in the future era of the Internet of Vehicles.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2023

Under the long-term effect of corrosive environment, many cold-formed steel (CFS) structures have serious corrosion problems. Corrosion leads to the change of surface morphology and the loss of section thickness, which results in the change of instability mode and failure mechanism of CFS structure. This paper mainly investigates the elastic local buckling behavior of corroded CFS columns. The surface morphology scanning test was carried out for eight CFS columns accelerated corrosion by the outdoor periodic spray test. The thin shell finite element (FE) eigen-buckling analysis was also carried out to reveal the influence of corrosion surface characteristics, corrosion depth, corrosion location and corrosion area on the elastic local buckling behaviour of the plates with four simply supported edges. The accuracy of the proposed formulas for calculating the elastic local buckling stress of the corroded plates and columns was assessed through extensive parameter studies. The results indicated that for the plates considering corrosion surface characteristics, the maximum deformation area of local buckling was located at the plates with the minimum average section area. For the plates with localized corrosion, the main buckling shape of the plates changed from one half-wave to two half-wave with the increase in corrosion area length. The elastic local buckling stress decreased gradually with the increase in corrosion area width and length. In addition, the elastic local buckling stress decreased slowly when corrosion area thickness was relatively large, and then tends to accelerate with the reduction in corrosion area thickness. The distance from the corrosion area to the transverse and longitudinal centerline of the plate had little effect on the elastic local buckling stress. Finally, the calculation formula of the elastic local buckling stress of the corroded plates and CFS columns was proposed.