• 간호행정학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.109-122
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• 2000

The present study examined the causal relationships among nurses' perceived autonomy, job satisfaction, work environment (work overload, role conflict, situational support, head nurses' leadership), personal aspects(experiences, need for achievement, professional knowledge and skill) by constructing and testing a theoretical framework. Based on literature review nurses' perceived autonomy and job satisfaction were conceived of as outcomes of the interplay among work environment and personal characteristics. Work environment factors involved work overload, role conflict, situational support, and head nurses' leadership (task oriented leadership, relation oriented leadership). Personal charateristics included experiences, need for achievement, and professional knowledge and skill. Three large general hospital in Chonbuk were selected to participate. The total sample of 516 registered nurses represents a response rate of 92 percent. Data for this study was collected from July to September in 1998 by Questionnaire. Path analyses with LISREL 7.16 program were used to test the fit of the proposed conceptual model to the data and to examine the causal relationship among variables. The result showed that both the proposed model and the modified model fit the data excellently. It needs to be notified, however, that path analisis can not count measurement errors; measurement error can attenuate estimates of coefficient and explanatory power. Nevertheless the model revealed relatively high explanatory power. 42 percent of nurses' perceived autonomy was explained by predicted variables; 32 percent of nurses' job satisfaction was explained by by predicted variables. Tn predicting nurses' perceived autonomy the findings of this study clearly demonstrated the work overload might be the most important variable of all the antecedent variables. Head nurses' relation oriented leadership, situational supports, need for achievement, and role conflict were also found to be important determinants for nurses' perceived autonomy. As for the job satisfaction, role conflict, situational supports, need for the achievement, and head nurses' relation oriented leadership were in turn important predictors. Unexpectedly the result showed perceived autonomy have few influence on job satisfaction. The results were discussed, including directions for the future research and practical implication drawn from the research were suggested.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.783-801
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the various measures available for assessment of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OXLIPN) and to evaluate the measurement properties of each assessment tool. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify existing measures for OXLIPN found in the databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, RISS and KoreaMed. The quality of the 24 identified tools was evaluated based on their properties of measurement including content validity, internal consistency, criterion validity, construct validity, reproducibility, responsiveness, floor-ceiling effects and interpretability. Results: Ten (41.7%) of the 24 tools were identified as specific measures for assessing OXLIPN and the most popular type of measures were clinical grading systems by clinicians (58.3%) and only 29.2% of measures were identified as patient reported outcomes. The most frequently used tool was National Cancer Institute-Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC), but the validity of NCI-CTC has not been reported appropriately. Overall, the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) received the best psychometric scores, and the Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool (CIPNAT) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynaecologic Oncology Group-neurotoxicity-12 (FACT/GOG-Ntx-12) followed NPSI. Conclusion: To select appropriate measure, evidences should be accumulated through the clinical use of tools. Therefore, practitioner and researchers are urged to report relevant statistics required for the validation of the currently used measures for assessment of OXLIPN.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2004

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of the SDBBA (Subtalar distraction bone block arthrodesis) procedure on patients with late complication of intra-articular calcaneal fractures including subtalar joint arthritis and anterior ankle impingement syndrome. Materials and Methods: Five cases in which the SDBBA procedure was implemented were followed for more than one year. All five patients were male with an average age of 56. Clinically, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and the pain score were assessed. Radiographically, the talocalcaneal height and the talar inclination angle were determined. Results: All five patients achieved subtalar joint fusion. The average pre-operative AOFAS score was 22.8 scores (range, 8-32 scores). At last follow-up, these scores improved to an average of 72.4 scores (range, 64-82 scores). The average pre-operative pain score was 8.2 scores (range, 7-10 scores). At last follow-up, these scores improved to an average of 13.2 (range, 12-15 scores). The average pre-operative talocalcaneal height was 72.8 mm (range, 70-77 mm), average post-operative talocalcaneal height improved to 79.8 mm (range, 78-84 mm). At final follow-up, these measurement was slightly decreased to average 78.6 mm (range, 74-83 mm). The average pre-operative talar inclination angle was 13.2 degrees (range, 12-15 degrees), average post-operative talar inclination angle improvedto 19.2 degrees (range, 15-24 degrees). At final follow-up, these measurement was slightly decreased to average 18.6 degrees (range, 12-24 degrees). Four patients achieved successful outcomes. One patient developed a wound infection with subsequent sural neuropathy as well as collapse of the bone graft. Conclusion: This study shows that the SDBBA procedure successfully restores the talocalcaneal height and tibio-talar relationship. This procedure is useful in surgically managed patients with talo-calcaneal height loss and anterior ankle impingement syndrome due to the late complications of calcaneal intra-articular fractures.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.59-71
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• 1996

Today, quality management is appearing as a critical issue in the field of health care service, partly because of increasing cost of health care. And qualified health care is also accepted as the right of clients, and the responsibility of health professions. So nursing profession can survive and develop only through the quality management of nursing practice like other health professions. Recently, Consumers of nursing service require the effectiveness and the efficiency of nursing practice. Effectiveness and efficiency of nursing practice can be accomplished by outcome evaluation. The focus of outcome evaluation in nurisng practice is on the change which occures in patient's health status with nurisng intervention. Evaluation of outcome is difficult because of some related problems which should be solved, or managed. These problems could be classified as problems of measurement, and attribution. To solve the problems and to evaluate the outcome in nursing practice more accurately, following tasks were suggested. 1) Outcome indicators, and outcome measurement tools should be developed. For these purpose, outcome variables that nursing interventions can contribute primarily should be found out. Also, outcome variables which are driven from nursing theories should be developed. 2) Outcome researches which can explain the effect of nursing care to patient outcomes should be performed. The outcome researches are the methods which can increase the power of nursing profession. 3) Models which can be used for the systematic and scientific quality management in nursing practice should be developed. The models should include outcome variables, and be able to explain the relationship between structure, process, and outcome aspects of quality management. 4) The method which can make patients participate in the evaluation process of quality of nursing practice should be devised. Because outcome evaluation is client-focused evaluation, the perspectives of patients should be emphasized, and reflected in the process of evaluation.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2017

본 연구는 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석에 대한 특성과 그 차이점에 대하여 살펴보고, 동일한 데이터를 활용하여 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석의 분석과정 및 결과를 비교분석함으로써 두 방법론의 올바른 이해와 적용에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 한편, 실증분석 결과는 아래와 같다. 탐색적 요인분석에서는 판별타당도가 저해되는 p.1, p.3이 제거된 반면, 확인적 요인분에서는 집중타당도가 저해되는 p.3가 제거 되었다. 탐색적 요인분석의 경우 다수의 측정변수를 소수의 요인으로 축약하는 분석과정(다소 부족한 이론적배경)인 반면, 확인적 요인분석은 측정변수와 잠재변수들 간의 관계를 파악 및 확인하는 과정(강력한 이론적배경)으로 동일한 데이터를 활용한다 하더라도 두 방법론은 언제든지 다른 결과 값이 도출될 수 있는 바, 데이터의 성격 등에 따라 올바른 방법론의 활용이 요구된다는 시사점을 보여주고 있다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.195-208
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• 2008

In an emergency management case, evaluating the economic value of information technology investments is a challenging problem due to the effects of decision making, uncertainty of disasters, and difficulty of measurements. Risk assessment and recovery process, one of the major functions in emergency management, consists of (1) measurement of damages or losses, (2) recovery planning, (3) reporting and approving budgets, (4) auctioning off recovery projects to constructors, and (5) construction for the recovery. Specifically and of our interest, measurement of damages or losses is often a costly and time-consuming process because the wide range of field surveys should be performed by a limited pool of trained agents. Managers, therefore, have to balance accuracy of the field survey against the total time to complete the survey. Using information technologies to support field survey and reporting has great potential to reduce errors and lowers the cost of the process. However, existing cost benefit analysis framework may be problematic to evaluate and justify the IT investment because the cost benefit analysis often include the long-run benefit of IT that is difficult to quantify and overlook the impact of managerial control upon the investment outcomes. Therefore, we present an alternative cost-centric control model that conservatively quantifies all cost savings to replace benefits in cost benefit analysis and incorporate the managerial control. The model provides a framework to examine how managerial decision making and uncertainty of disaster affect the economic value of IT investments. The current project in Emergency Agency in South Korea is introduced as a case to apply the cost-centric control model. Our work helps managers to better evaluate and justify IT-related investment alternatives in emergency management.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.204-212
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• 2008

항만물류분야에 적용되는 능동형 RFID 태그는 화물 컨테이너에 부착되어 여러 나라의 항만에 설치된 판독기로부터 인식이 가능해야 한다. 따라서 RFID 적합성 시험방법에 관한 국제표준인 ISO/IEC 18047-7에서 능동형 RFID 판독기와 태그간의 에어 인터페이스 평가방법을 제시하고 있다. 하지만 기존 국제표준에 따라 짧은 시간동안 이루어지는 통신 신호를 감지하여 평가하기에는 측정시간 및 결과의 불확실성이 높아 정확한 평가에 대한 어려움이 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 측정시간을 단축하고, 불확실성을 개선할 수 있도록 능동형 RFID 태그에 '자체 시험 모드' 환경을 갖도록 하는 새로운 평가방법을 제안하고, 그것을 실제 태그에 적용하므로써 기존 방법보다 측정 시간 및 불확도가 개선됨을 검증하였다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 지적재조사 사업을 원활하게 추진하기 위한 기술적 기반을 조성하고, 정확한 지적정보 제공을 위해 정밀측량기술을 도입하여 지적측량 성과의 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 GNSS 기술기반의 GPS, RTK-GPS, 네트워크 RTK 및 GPS_토털스테이션을 도입하여 지적도근점과 필지경계점에 대한 측량성과의 목표 정확도를 확보할 수 있는 방안을 제시함으로써 지적재조사 사업을 위한 통일된 정확도 기준을 설정하고자 하였다. 세부적인 연구로써 현행 지적측량 작업과정과 성과를 비교 분석하고, 방법별로 작업의 효율성을 분석하였다. 또한, 지적재조사 사업의 수행 시 다양한 최신 측량기술을 도입함으로써 높은 지적측량 정확도를 확보할 수 있는 측량규정을 제시하고, 지적기준점과 측지기준점을 일원화하여 지적기준점의 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2017

Purpose: Plasma level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), an emerging, sensitive, and specific biomarker of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), rapidly decreases in infants receiving cyclooxygenase inhibitors for ductal closure. We investigated the usefulness of serial BNP measurement as a guide for individual identification of early constrictive responses to ibuprofen in preterm infants with symptomatic PDA (sPDA). Methods: Before March 2010, the standard course of pharmacological treatment was initiated with indomethacin (or ibuprofen) and routinely followed by 2 additional doses at intervals of 24 hours. After April 2010, individualized pharmacological treatment was used, starting with the first dose of ibuprofen and withholding additional ibuprofen doses if the BNP concentration was <600 pg/mL and clinical symptoms of PDA improved. Results: The BNP-guided group received significantly fewer doses of ibuprofen than the standard group did during the first course of treatment and the entire study period. The need for further doses of cyclooxygenase inhibitors and for surgical ligation was not significantly different between the 2 groups. No significant differences were seen in clinical outcomes and/or complications related to sPDA and/or pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: Individualized BNP-guided pharmacological treatment may be used clinically to avoid unnecessary doses of cyclooxygenase inhibitors without increasing the ductal closure failure and the short-term morbidity related to sPDA.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2020

Background: Prolonged sitting at work can lead to adverse health outcomes. The health risk of office workers is an increasing concern for the society and industry, with prolonged sitting work becoming more prevalent. Objective: This study aimed to explore the variation in muscle activities during prolonged sitting work and found out when and how to take a break to mitigate the risk of muscle symptoms. Methods: A preliminary survey was conducted to find out the prevalence of muscle discomfort in sedentary work. Firstly, a 2-h sedentary computer work was designed based on the preliminary study to investigate the variation in muscle activities. Twenty-four participants took part in the electromyography (EMG) measurement study. The EMG variations in the trapezius muscle and latissimus dorsi were investigated. Then the intervention time was determined based on the EMG measurement study. Secondly, 48 participants were divided into six groups to compare the effectiveness of every break type (passive break, active break of changing their posture, and stand and stretch their body with 5 or 10 mins). Finally, data consisting of EMG amplitudes and spectra and subjective assessment of discomfort were analyzed. Results: In the EMG experiment, results from the joint analysis of the spectral and amplitude method showed muscle fatigue after about 40 mins of sedentary work. In the intervention experiment, the results showed that standing and stretching for 5 mins was the most effective break type, and this type of break could keep the muscles' state at a recovery level for about 30-45 mins. Conclusions: This study offers the possibility of being applied to office workers and provides preliminary data support and theoretical exploration for a follow-up early muscle fatigue detection system.