• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 2011

Antimicrobial activity and bactericidal activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. extracts were investigated against five food-borne pathogens, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, B. cereus and L. monocytogenes. Methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. revealed antimicrobial activities against five pathogens. In particular, by paper disc diffusion the highest activity was shown against L. monocytogenes. Antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts showed the most potent activities, but hexane fraction had no activity. Fractions of ethyl acetate and butanol turned out to have higher antimicrobial activities against Gram(+) bacteria than Gram(-) bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration against five food-borne pathogens was 1.563 mg/ml on Gram(+) bacteria and 3.125 mg/ml on Gram(-) bacteria. The result of antimicrobial activity in a shaking flask method showed that bacterial growth rate fell by more than 99.999% at 3.125 mg/ml of methanol extract. The highest rate of viable reduction (99.998%) was shown at 0.781 mg/ml of methanol extract against L. monocytogenes. After five minutes of reaction between test strains and methanol extracts, the growth rates of five kinds of bacteria were reduced by more than 99.999% at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. Therefore, it is suggested that methanol extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. can be developed as a natural sanitizer or disinfectant.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVII)
• /
• pp.287-292
• /
• 2005

The crude polysaccharides(C-CPF, C-CPM, C-CPB) derived from fruiting body, mycelia and mycelia free broth of cordyceps militaris were obtained by ethanol precipitation of hot water extracts. After a batch fermentation of C. militaris was carried out in a 5 L jar vessel, endo-polysaccharide and exo-polysaccharide were obtained. They were demonstrated as the hetero polysaccharides which were composed of glucsose, galactose and mannose by performed with HPAEC(high pH anion exchange chromatography) and conformation of random coil by its complex forming ability with congo red reagent. They were purified by ion exchange (DEAE-cellulose) and gel filtration chromatography. They were monitered by phenol-sulfuric acid method and Bradford method. The NO induction activities of crude polysaccharides and purified polysaccharides derived from mycelia free broth were enhanced rather than LPS(lipo polysaccharide) which was used as a general NO inducer. These effects presumably contibute to the antitumor activities. The homogenieties and molecular weights of polysaccharides were determined by using Sepharose CL-6B. The yield, molecular weights and NO induction activities of C-CPFN Fr.III, C-CPMN Fr.III, C-CPBN Fr.II were 0.387, 0.408 and 0.153, 127 K 210 K and 36 K, 40.79%, 88.72%, and 104.17%, respectively.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 1989

The purpose of this paper is to provide the basic information concerning school health nursing activities in schools lacking in a school nurse, and the degree of satisfaction of trainess to the training course of school health nursing. The data for this study were collected by means of questionnaire from 150 teachers(100 of primary school and 50 of middle school)who attended the training course superintended by the Board of Education of Kyeong Nam Province from July 27 to August 6 in 1987. The main results of this study can be summarized as following; 1. General characteristics of the trainees: The majority of the trainees (71.3%) were in the age of twenties, 86.5% graduated from four-year teachers' college, 63.5% had less than five-year experience as a teacher. 2. 60.5% of the trainees were actually offering school health nursing services. 67.8% decided voluntarily to participate in the training course, and 62.7% attended the course for the purpose of obtaining health knowledge. 3. Only 4.2% of schools established appropriate health organization, and 34.5% were equipped with nursing clinic. But the main reason school health nursing activities were not performed very well was the insufficient supply of needed medicines and related materials. 4. School health nursing services in schools lacking in a school nurse were offered mainly by the teacher holding additional job of school health. class teacher and atheletic teacher. But the sanitary management for school meal services and community health activities were not carried out at all in many schools. 5. As a whole, trainees were satisfied with training program. But some subjects of the course did not satisfy them because those ones were so theoretical without any practice. 6. Many trainees wished the training course to be more concentrated on case studies which are helpful to solve actual problems. 7. 75% of trainees answered to have decided to perform school health nursing activities more actively than before. 8. Any significant relationship can not be found between trainees' general characteristics and their attitude to school health nursing activities after the training course. Only one factor-motivation to attend the training course-had the statistical significance of 8.7%.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.217-231
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to investigate a new method for activating the metacognitive abilities that play a key role in the Mathematical Problem Solving Process (MPSP). The proposed research question is as follows: Can the MPSP activate metacognitive abilities of high school students in the pencil-and-paper environment using guidance material for metacognitive activities\ulcorner To solve this question, two case studies have been carried out. Two students for the study were selected via informal interview. They voluntarily took part in 13 experimental lectures. The activating paths of their metacognitive abilities in the MPSP were chronically described and analyzed. All the activating processes of the students focusing on the aspects of metacognitive behaviors were analyzed by means of interview, observation, self-report, and activity data. The two high school students participating in the MPSP voluntarily recognized and reflected their deficiencies in metacognitive abilities, and therefore maximized their own performance. They made quite significant progress in the course of activating their metacognitive abilities through voluntary participation and gained greater confidence in the MPSP. Hence they have become good problem solvers. They expressed not only the factors influencing their behavior but also their self-awareness during the metacognitive activities. In the long run, this experiment will increase possibilities for the internalization of the metacognitive process.

• 과학교육연구지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.102-118
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 학교 밖 탐구활동의 실태 분석 결과와 수공적 기능이 강조된 HASA 교육과정 기준안에 근거하여 개발된 체험 중심 과학 캠프 프로그램을 적용하였다. 따라서 과학캠프 프로그램을 개발하여 적용한 후, 과학 캠프에 참여한 학생들의 반응에 기초하여 체험 중심 과학 캠프 활동 프로그램의 타당성을 검증하였다. 과학캠프 프로그램을 개발하여 적용하는 과정에 대해서는 캠프에 참여한 학생들이 캠프 기간 중에 작성한 탐구 보고서와 캠프가 끝난 후 인터넷에 올린 소감을 바탕으로 지식, 탐구, 수공적 기능, 태도 영역으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 그리고 사전 사후 설문지를 통해 과학캠프 프로그램 구성 영역과 캠프 프로그램의 타당성을 검증하고, 캠프에 참여한 학생들의 과학관련 태도 변화를 조사하였다. 과학 캠프 프로그램의 적용 결과, 과학지식의 이해 증진과 탐구능력 향상을 목적으로 하는 과학 캠프 프로그램의 개발에 있어서 내용면에서는 학생의 흥미와 참여를 고려하여 실생활과 첨단과학을 연계한 주제로 개발하고, 활동 면에서는 학생들이 직접 조작해보는 체험활동 및 선의의 경쟁심을 유발하는 과학경연 형태의 비중을 높일 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 과학교육연구센터와 같은 과학교육 연구를 수행하는 기관들의 인적 체계나 경제적 지원을 보완하여 지속적인 과학 캠프 프로그램을 개발할 필요가 있다. 또한 공교육 차원에서 체험 중심 과학 캠프와 같은 학교 밖 탐구활동에 대하여 보다 적극적인 연구와 현실적인 노력을 실행한다면, 과학에 대한 학생들의 부정적 인식이나 이공계 기피 현상 등의 문제점들을 개선하는데 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것이라는 의미를 갖는다.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.167-190
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to develop the cognitive behavioral group counseling program to relieve elementary children of speech anxiety and to examine its effects. The program was developed on the basis of the cognitive, affective, and behavioral activities. The cognitive activities were based on the REBT procedures, and affective activities included making child's nickname, finding out his own strengths and exchanging positive feedback each other and behavioral activities included training assertiveness, coaching and practicing speech behavior etc, Subjects were 14 elementary children from M elementary school in Gwangju. They had the highest scores at the speech anxiety test which was administrated to all the sixth graders of M elementary school. Seven subjects were randomly allocated to experimental group and control group respectively. Two speech anxiety tests and one speech behavior checklist were administrated as pre- and post-tests. The collected data was analyzed by ANCOVA. Research results demonstrated that the experimental group showed statistically significant changes in the scores of the speech anxiety test and the speech behavior checklist comparing with the control group. Then it was accepted that the program which was developed in this study could make effects on the reduction of elementary children's speech anxiety.

• 한국비블리아학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.99-128
• /
• 2016

현 정부에서는 창의인재육성을 위한 핵심 교육정책으로서 중학교를 대상으로 2013년도부터 자유학기제를 도입하여 2016년에는 모든 중학교에서 전면 실시하고 있다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 자유학기제를 위한 도서관기반 독서문화 프로그램 모형을 개발하여 보급하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 학생, 교사, 학부모, 도서관 사서를 대상으로 독서문화 프로그램 요구 조사를 실시하여 이를 바탕으로 자유학기제 자율과정 구성에 따른 4가지 영역(진로탐색활동, 동아리활동, 예술 체육활동, 주제선택활동)의 도서관 기반 독서문화 프로그램을 개발하였다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.46-68
• /
• 2001

The study was to examine the relationships among those variables related to total quality management and to reveal those variables affecting total quality management in Health-Care Organizations. To study the relationship, a questionaire was designed and sent to 220 hospitals of which the number of beds is over 200 beds. Out of 660 questionaire, 263 questionaire were collected. Data analysis were conducted by using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. The result were as follows: 1. TQM was significantly different according to activities of QI, department of QI, age, and position. 2. Leadership was significantly different according to activities of QI, department of QI, age, and position. 3. Significant differences in the level of satisfaction of employee were found according to activities of QI, department of QI, age, position, and duration of employ. 4. Significant differences in the level of participation of employee were found according to activities of QI, department of QI, and position. 5. Education trainning was significantly different according to amount of bed, activities of QI, department of QI, level of education, kind of job, and position. 6. Medical technique was significantly different according to activities of QI, department of QI, and position. 7. Quality of work was significantly different according to activities of QI, department of QI, age, and position. 8. Significant differences in the level of investigation's system in satisfaction of client were found according to activities of QI, department of QI, kind of job, and position. 9. Positive correlations were observed between TQM and those variables related to TQM. 10. TQM was significantly predicted by the level of satisfaction of employee(40.9%), participation of employee(7.0%), investigation's system in satisfaction of client(2.7%), leadership(1.4%), and medical technique(1.1%), respectively.

• 중환자간호학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2023

Purpose : This descriptive survey investigated the effects of clinical nurses' critical reflection competency, professional pride, and person-centered care practices on patient safety management activities. Methods : The participants were 183 clinical nurses working at a tertiary hospital in South Korea. The questionnaires consisted of the Critical Reflection Competency Scale for Clinical Nurses Professional Pride the Person-Centered Nursing Assessment Tool and Patient Safety Management Activities. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS 29.0. Results : The mean score for patient safety management activities was 4.65±0.34 out of 5. There were significant differences in patient safety management activities according to age (F=3.90, p =.010), education level (t=-2.56, p =.013), total work experience (F=3.87, p =.010), and the number of healthcare accreditation system experiences (F=5.22, p =.006). Patient safety management activities were positively correlated with critical reflection competency (r=.337, p <.001), professional pride (r=.271, p <.001), and person-centered care practices (r=.399, p <.001). The results indicated that person-centered care practices affected patient safety management activities (𝛽=.358, p <.001) with the explanatory power of 22.5%. Conclusion : To improve clinical nurses' patient safety management activities, it is necessary to develop participatory educational programs that can integrate skills and attitudes based on conceptual knowledge of person-centered care. Intervention studies are needed to test the effect of person-centered care on patient safety when applied in clinical practice.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.39-50
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to development of the environment writing workbook to enhance environmental literacy of elementary school student. To achieve the purpose, the concrete paper processes are as follows. First, in order to development of the environment writing workbook to enhance environmental literacy, Writing of Environment Club students did various writing activities as an experiment. The environment writing workbook is developed using the students product feedback. Second, the environment writing workbook was used for the 5th graders in the elementary school for 10 weeks to see how the environment writing workbook would enhance the students' environmental literacy. The results of this paper are as follows. It's application was meaningful in the level of p<.05 in point of view of environmental literacy as a result of the pre-post test in the experiment group, who is one of the 5th grade classes in the elementary school. In conclusion, the environment writing workbook is very effective to enhance the seven parts of environmental literacy out of eleven. It is necessary because the environment writing helps to think of environmental issue deeply, learn about regional environmental problems, establish sound environment sense of value, give the opportunities to participate in activities.