• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1937-1945
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• 2018

Malassezia pachydermatis is a commensal yeast found on the skin of dogs. However, M. pachydermatis is also considered an opportunistic pathogen and is associated with various canine skin diseases including otitis externa and atopic dermatitis, which usually require treatment using an azole antifungal drug, such as ketoconazole. In this study, we isolated a ketoconazole-resistant strain of M. pachydermatis, designated "KCTC 27587," from the external ear canal of a dog with otitis externa and analyzed its resistance mechanism. To understand the mechanism underlying ketoconazole resistance of the clinical isolate M. pachydermatis KCTC 27587, the whole genome of the yeast was sequenced using the PacBio platform and was compared with M. pachydermatis type strain CBS 1879. We found that a ~84-kb region in chromosome 4 of M. pachydermatis KCTC 27587 was tandemly quadruplicated. The quadruplicated region contains 52 protein coding genes, including the homologs of ERG4 and ERG11, whose overexpression is known to be associated with azole resistance. Our data suggest that the quadruplication of the ~84-kb region may be the cause of the ketoconazole resistance in M. pachydermatis KCTC 27587.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제37권
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• pp.39.1-39.6
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• 2015

Skull-base osteomyelitis is a rare disease affecting the medulla of the temporal, sphenoid, and occipital bones. In general, it occurs due to external ear canal infections caused by malignant external otitis. Skull-base osteomyelitis usually affects elderly diabetic patients. The patient, a 58-year-old man, was referred for evaluation and management of the left jaw. Clinical examination of the patient revealed pain in the left jaw and mouth-opening deflection to the left. The maximum active mouth opening was measured to about 27 mm. Panoramic, CT, and CBCT revealed bone resorption patterns in the left condyle. Through control of diabetes, continued pharmacological treatment, arthrocentesis, and occlusal stabilization appliance therapy were carried out. The extent of active mouth opening was increased to 45 mm, and pain in the left jaw joint was alleviated. This was a case wherein complications caused by failure to control diabetes induced skull-base osteomyelitis. There is a need for continued discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of arthrocentesis with lavage for patients with skull-base osteomyelitis and other treatment options.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.499-503
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• 2009

A 12-year-old, female, Maltese dog was presented with otic signs, such as pruritus and malordorous discharge. Medical treatment of otitis externa had been carried out for several months at primary animal hospital. Radiography, ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), fine needle aspiration (FNA), and histopathological examination were performed for the diagnosis of ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma. Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy were performed for excision of the tumor. Facial nerve paralysis developed after surgery is getting better through the acupuncture therapy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2021

A 5-year-old castrated male Maine Coon cat presented with chronic otitis on the right ear. The clinical signs, scratching and head shaking, were recurrent despite symptomatic treatment, including antibiotics and antifungal agents. Video otoscopic examination and computed tomography (CT) examination revealed a polyp in the right ear canal. The polyp was removed via per-endoscopic trans-tympanic traction (PTT) with a grasping forceps. After treatment, Horner's syndrome occurred in the right eye but spontaneously resolved a week later. The mass was diagnosed as inflammatory polyp with a fibrovascular stroma containing plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. All clinical signs were improved, and no recurrence was observed after 3 weeks of follow-up. This case report demonstrates that CT scan is effective in identifying the margin of polyp and PTT technique is non-invasive method for treating inflammatory polyp in cats without severe complications.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: To assess whether the audiological and clinical outcomes of type 0 tympanoplasty (T0) performed using cartilage were comparable with those of ossiculoplasty in patients who underwent canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWDM). Subjects and Methods: This study included patients who had chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma and underwent CWDM with ossiculoplasty involving partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP), total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP), or T0. Anatomical success rates and hearing outcomes were analyzed. Results: Seventy-two patients were included in this study; 29 of them underwent CWDM with T0, 27 underwent CWDM with PORP, while 16 underwent CWDM with TORP. The difference in mean improvement in the air-bone gap (ABG) between the groups was not significant. The differences in the rates of ABG closure to ≤10 dB HL (p=0.030) and ≤20 dB HL (p=0.029) were significant. There were significant differences in improvements in the ABG at 3 kHz among the PORP, TORP, and T0 groups. Conclusions: The audiological outcomes of CWDM with ossiculoplasty seemed to be better than those of CWDM with T0 with no significant difference in the incidence of complications following ossiculoplasty and T0.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: To assess whether the audiological and clinical outcomes of type 0 tympanoplasty (T0) performed using cartilage were comparable with those of ossiculoplasty in patients who underwent canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWDM). Subjects and Methods: This study included patients who had chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma and underwent CWDM with ossiculoplasty involving partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP), total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP), or T0. Anatomical success rates and hearing outcomes were analyzed. Results: Seventy-two patients were included in this study; 29 of them underwent CWDM with T0, 27 underwent CWDM with PORP, while 16 underwent CWDM with TORP. The difference in mean improvement in the air-bone gap (ABG) between the groups was not significant. The differences in the rates of ABG closure to ≤10 dB HL (p=0.030) and ≤20 dB HL (p=0.029) were significant. There were significant differences in improvements in the ABG at 3 kHz among the PORP, TORP, and T0 groups. Conclusions: The audiological outcomes of CWDM with ossiculoplasty seemed to be better than those of CWDM with T0 with no significant difference in the incidence of complications following ossiculoplasty and T0.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1979년도 제13차 학술대회 연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.4.4-5
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• 1979

만성중이염은 이비인후과 영역에 있어서 가장 빈도가 높은 질병중의 하나이며 항생물질 및 화학요법 등 많은 의학의 발달이 있음에도 불구하고 본 질환의 근본적인 치료법으로는 수술요법 밖에 없는 실정이다. 만성중이염의 수술요법은 중이화농의 제거를 위한 근치수술에서 부터 시작되어 근년에 이르러서는 중이염의 제거는 물론 청력개선을 도모하는 소위 고실성형술이 발달하였다. 고실성형술의 술식에 따른 수술후 청력 개선에 관해서는 학자들의 많은 연구가 있으나 술전 청력과 고실내 상태와의 관계는 언급이 적다. 저자들은 술전 청력상으로 중이내 병변의 종류와 정도를 추정할 수 없을가 하는 문제와 전음기구의 기초적, 실험적 이론을 어떻게 적응시키고 응용해야 할 것인가 하는 문제에 착안하여 술전 청력이 가지 는 의의를 규명하고 이에 따라 수술 술식을 선택할 계획의 일부로서, 고실내 병변과 청력과의 관련성을 검토하였다. 연구대상은 1977년 1월 1일부터 1978년 12월 31일까지 2년간 수술현미경하에 고실성형수술을 시행한 만성중이염 189례를 대상으로 술전 청력장애와 술중 관찰한 고실내 병변과의 상관관계를 검토하였다. 관찰항목출 고실내 이소골의 병변을 중심으로 이소골에 특별한 병변없이 고막천공만 있는 군(Ⅰ군), 이소골연쇄의 운동성 및 연속성에 이상이 없이 이소골 주위에만 병적 육아조직이 있는 군(Ⅱ군), 이소골의 연속성은 정상이나 가동성에 이상이 있는 군(Ⅲ군) 및 이소골이단군(Ⅳ군) 마다의 1) 이소골 병변, 고막청공의 크기 및 청력형과 기도청력장애와의 관계, 2) 저음역 골도연장, 고음역 골도장애 및 Carhart's notch와 고실내 병변과의 관계 3) 교실내 육아조직의 발생부위 등과 기도청력과의 관계를 검토하여 그 성적을 다음과 같이 요약한다. 1) 만성중이염 총 189례의 평균 청력손실 역치는 44.6dB였고 기도청력은 이소골 연쇄상태와 관계가 있으며 정상, 육아조직형성, 이소골 운동장애 및 이소골 연쇄의 이단 순서로 청력이 악화하였다. 2) 이소골파괴례의 평균 청력손실 역치는 49.1 dB이며 3개 이소골의 전결손례와 1∼2개의 부분결손례에는 청력손실에 유의한 차이가 있었으나 이소골 부분파괴례 간에는 차이가 없었다. 이소골연쇄에 병변이 없이 고막천공만이 있는 예의 기도청력은 약 45dB이내이며 천공이 커질수록 청력장애가 악화하는 경향이나 고실내 병변에 따라 차이가 있었다. 이소골에 병변이 없는 소천공의 청 력손실은 30dB이네 이며 30dB를 넘는 것은 이소골 기타에 병변이 있었다. 5) 청력형은 수평형과 저음역장애형이 각각 57례(30.2%), 67례(35.4)로 가장 많았으며 고음역장애형은 이소골의 운동장애가 있는 예에 많은 경항이었다. 6)이소골의 가동성이 유지되면서 어떤 형태의 부하가 있을 때는 저음역골도의 연장이 있고 고음역골도의 악화는 중이염으로 인한 내이병변으로 온다고 추정한다. 7) 소위 Carhart's notch는 14례(7.4%)했으며 이소골연쇄의 강직례에서 발생한다고 생각된다. 8)고실내 병리조직학적 염증형과 청력장애와는 관계가 없었다. 9)고실내 육아조직의 발생부위 특히 전정창과 와우창상의 병변은 청력에 영향을 주었다. 10) 이소골 이단례에서 염증성 부산물이 전음기전을 대행하는 것을 인정할 수 있었다. 11) 이상의 소견은 술전 고실내 병변을 추정하는 데 한 지표가 된다.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.117-117
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• 2006

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.178-180
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• 2014

Despite significant advances in the treatment of all forms of chronic otitis media (COM), complications still can and do occur, with intracranial complications representing the most life-threatening cases, often requiring immediate therapeutic intervention. Herein, we present a rare case of rapidly progressing facial paralysis with concomitant severe headache and ipsilateral hearing loss secondary to an otogenic brain abscess, treated with the transmastoid approach, drainage, and facial nerve decompression.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1994

A new local drug delivery device to treat otitis media (OM) has been developed. This device consists of a biodegradable poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) film containing antibiotic (ampicillin, AMP), which can be placed into the middle ear cavity and release the therapeutic concentration of AMP for prolonged period. Biodegradable films containing AMP (10 w/w%) were prepared by solution casting method using a suspension of the drug in a $PLLA/CH_{2}Cl_{2}$ solution (molecular weight of PLLA, 100,000 (100 K) and 300,000 (300 K), respectively). PLLA-AMP films were characterized by FTIR, DSC, and SEM. In vitro release of AMP from AMP-PLLA films were examined. The release pattern of AMP from AMP-PLLA films remained consistent from 1 day to 14 days, and the release rates of AMP from AMP-100K-PLLA film and AMP-300K-PLLA film were $0.7384\;{\mu}g/ml/day$, $0.4107\;{\mu}g/ml/day$, respectively.