• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1999

Impingement syndrome is caused by a conflictual status between rotator cuff, subacromial bursa and anatomic and functional coracoacromial arch. The purpose of this study was to assessment the coracoacromial arch by MRI and to determine major factors among five components of coracoacromial arch. We analyzed forty-two cases of clinical impingement sign and test positive and postoperative confirmed diagnosed from March, 1991 to January, 1999. We evaluated acromial end abnormality according to the Bigliani acromial type and formation of osteophyte. Clavicular end abnormality classified flat, outward protrusion, inward protrusion to coracoacromial arch. Acromioclavicular joint abnormalities were advanced osteoarthritis and positive signal change. Coracoacromial ligament thickening was above 2 mm in oblique sagittal image. Coracoid process abnormality was inward protrusion to coracoacromial arch. All consecutive patients abnormalities were as follows: clavicular end osteophyte formation and inward protrusion to coracoacrmial arch were 30%, acromial end osteophyte formation was 28%, advanced acromioclavicular joint arthritis and osteophyte formation were 56%, coracoacromial ligament thickening was 24% and no coracoid process inward protrusion to coracoacromial arch. Impingement syndrome combined with rotator cuff tear group abnormalities were clavicular end(40%), acromial end(40%), acromioclavicular joint(20%), coracoacromialligament(20%) and coracoid process abnormality(0%) respectively. Only impingement syndrome group abnormalities were clavicular end(25%), acromial end(31%), acromioclavicular joint(62%), coracoacromial ligament(25%) and coracoid process(0%) respectively. Acromial type I(flat) were 6 cases, type II(curved) were 26 cases and type III(hooked) were 10 cases. We concluded that the most important contributing factors for impingement syndrome was acromial type and second was acromioclavicular joint arthritis and bony spur formation.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.103-120
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• 2010

Objective : To review the trend of the study related to Leech therapy and to establish the hereafter direction for the study on Leech therapy. Methods : I reviewed and analyzed all the theses published in Domestic and Foreign research institution from 1990 to 2009. Results : The following results were obtained in this study. 1. Analyzed number of theses published, there was no significance per year. 2. Classified by theme of journal, journals related to surgery were most(41 journals, 75.92%) among 54 kinds. 3. Classified by theses by research method and thesis types, case report accounted for nearly twothirds (52 pieces, 68.42%) of all theses and consideration of document was next(9 pieces, 11.84%). 4. With the most case of venous congestion after plastic and reconstructive surgery(33 pieces, 63.46%), leech therapy was effective on illnesses such as haematoma, macroglossia, purpura, varicous vein, avulsion injury, neurovascular compression, diabetic neuropathy, penoscrotal oedema, buerger's disease, rheumatoid arthritis. 5. Two most appeared adverse effects were anemia and infection. Immediate blood transfusion was done for recovering anemia and prophylactic 3rd generation antibiotics to infection were emphasized in more than half of case reports. 6. All of consideration of documents was retrospective study of cases related leech therapy and 3 pieces of them emphasized prophyratic antibiotic treatment for preventing infection. 7. The study of clinical trail type started first in 2002 and osteoarthritis of knee and carpometacarpal joint were main target. As see above result, Leech therapy was effective cure and could be used in disease induced by venous congestion. And I think that it is necessary to perform additional study related to solution of problems about leech therapy and protocol for using in clinical practice.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.560-567
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• 2018

In the present study, we tried to examine whether resveratrol regulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through affecting nuclear factor-kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) in articular chondrocytes. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were cultured in a monolayer, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure interleukin-${\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$)-induced gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4), ADAMTS-5 and type II collagen. Effect of resveratrol on $IL-1{\beta}$-induced secretion of MMP-3 was investigated in rabbit articular chondrocytes using western blot analysis. To elucidate the action mechanism of resveratrol, effect of resveratrol on $IL-1{\beta}$-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathway was investigated in SW1353, a human chondrosarcoma cell line, by western blot analysis. The results were as follows: (1) resveratrol inhibited the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5, but increased the gene expression of type II collagen; (2) resveratrol reduced the secretion of MMP-3; (3) resveratrol inhibited $IL-1{\beta}$induced activation (phosphorylation) of inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK), and thus phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory kappa $B{\alpha}$ ($I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$); (4) resveratrol inhibited $IL-1{\beta}$-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65. This, in turn, led to the down-regulation of gene expression of MMPs in SW1353 cells. These results suggest that resveratrol can regulate the expression of MMPs through affecting $NF-{\kappa}B$ by directly acting on articular chondrocytes.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.125-128
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• 2014

A 7-year-old, intact female Golden Retriever weighing 38 kg was referred for left coxofemoral joint luxation. On physical examination, pain and crepitus were noted atthe left hip joint during joint extension. Radiological examination revealed coxofemoral joint luxation and mild degenerative bone changes in the left hip joint. We performed minimally invasive arthroscopy-assisted reduction with TightRope$^{(R)}$ as a treatment option; however, the left coxofemoral joint was reluxated after one month postoperatively. We performed cementless total hip replacement (THR) of the luxated left coxofemoral joint. At tenmonths after surgery, the dog could sit, stand, walk normally and jump comfortably without lameness. The thigh girth measurement of the operated limb was 108.6% of the contralateral limb. Based on the present case, THR can be a successful treatment for coxofemoral joint luxation in dogs with failed coxofemoral joint reduction.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review laser acupuncture studies to find possibility for applying high intensity laser to acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. Methods : Searching papers was performed using search engines of five electronic databases, including Pubmed, Thomson ISI, EMBASE, Sciencedirect, and EBSCO, from inception to May 2011 without language limitation. Inclusion criteria were clinical studies with human, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case-control studies, and case reports. Selecting papers was performed with titles and abstracts in first step, scrutinize full text in second step, and then the extrated data was analyzed by two authors independently. The methodological quality for RCTs was evaluated using Jadad's scale. Results : Total 8 papers, (3 RCTs, 5 controlld studies, and 1 case reports), were finally selected. The study dealt with surgical laser, argon and $CO_2$ laser was one for each, with GaAs laser was two, and with new semiconductor laser, GaN, were four. The output range was from 110 mW to 15 W. The study diseases were alcohol addiction, knee osteoarthritis, bronchopneumonia and asthma for children, and circulation. All studies reported positive effect. The methodological quality in all RCTs was low because of below 3 points and all studies had few subject numbers. Conclusions : We suggest that high intensity laser can be applied to acupuncture and moxibustion. Further rigorous and well-designed study will be needed for various disease. The oriental medical society needs to take active measures to study and clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment with high intensity laser.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.406-413
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• 2004

Progress in medical science and cell biology has resulted in the transplantation of human cells and tissues from on human into another, facilitating reproduction and the restoration of form and function, as well as enhancing the quality of life. For more than 40 years, society has recognized the medical and humanitarian value of donation and transplanting organs and tissues. The standard operating procedures of hard tissues reflect the collective expertise and conscientious efforts of tissue bank professionals to provide a foundation for the guidance of tissue banking activities. Procurement of allograft tissues from surgical bone donors is a part of tissue banking. During the past decades the use of bone allografts has become widely accepted for the filling of skelectal defects in a variety of surgical procedures. In particular in the field of orthopaedic and oral and maxillofacial surgery the demand for allografts obtained from either living or post-mortem donors has increased. Hospital-based tissue banks mainly retrieve allografts from living donors undergoing primary total hip replacement for osteoarthritis or hemi arthroplasty for hip fractures and orthgnatic surgery such as angle reduction. Although bone banks have existed for many years, the elements of organized and maintaining a hospital bone bank have not been well documented. The experience with a tissue bank at Korea Tissue Bank(KTB) between 2001 and 2004 provides a model of procurement, storage, processing, sterilization and documentation associated with such a facility. The following report describes the standard operating procedures of hard tissues such as femoral head obtained from living donors.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors of ankle arthroscopy and the effectiveness of high anteromedial and anterolateral portals in diagnosis and treatment for various disease entities. Materials and Methods: The results of ankle arthroscopy were evaluated between March 1992 and January 2000 by one surgeon. Total 169 patients who were followed for a minimum of 12 months, were included in this study. Using high anteromedial and high anterolateral portals, all procedures were done with accessory portals if necessary. A functional evaluation was performed using the Karlsson score and questionnaire subjectively. Results: Fifty-six synovial impingement, 48 osteochondral lesion on talus, 10 impingement exostosis, 8 loose body, 27 osteoarthritis and chondromalacia, 10 postfracture fibrosis, 3 lateral plica, and 1 pigmented villonodular synivitis(PVNS) among 169 patients were diagnosed. Patients with the former four groups had satisfactory results and the latter four groups had not. Remaining 6 patients underwent arthroscopic arthrodesis, and 5 had satisfactory results. Conclusion: Using high anteromedial and anterolateral portals, we could get better visualization of talar dome and posterior chamber of ankle. For better clinical results, in ankle arthroscopy, not only operative skill but also proper indications are important. In case of synovial impingement after trauma, arthroscopy should be considered within one year after initial trauma. There were little correlation between the radiographic findings and arthroscopic findings of articular cartilage in osteochondral lesion of talus, and it is better to determine treatment modality based on the arthroscopic or MRI findings. Osteochondral lesions were treated successfully only when they were traumatically induced and localized without diffuse chondromalacia of talus and tibia.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.176-181
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• 2004

Purpose: We evaluated the clinical results of operative treatment of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture according to fracture classification. Materials and Methods: There were 25 cases (24 patients) which had at least one year follow up, 17 men and 7 women who were treated from June 1997 to March 2003. We have analysed the Bohler's angle, cruciate angle, width and posttraumatic osteoarthritis in radiological evaluation, and evaluated clinical results according to the Creighton-Nebraska health foundation score. Results: Excellent results were noted in 7 cases, good results in 6 cases, fair results in 4 cases and poor results in 8 cases. Radiological changes showed as follows: Bohler angle $17^{\circ}$, Crucial angle $0.1^{\circ}$, Width 6mm. Conclusion: Type II showed satisfactory results and type IV showed unsatisfactory results in Sanders classification. Proper evaluation of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture by X-ray and CT scan is necessory to predict prognosis and decise method of operative treatment.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2008

Purpose: To report the clinical results of tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis fixed with multiple cannulated screws for the cases of painful ankle and hindfoot arthropathy regardless of any deformity or instability. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed upon 10 patients that underwent tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis from October 1999 to May 2006. There were 4 males and 6 females, with an average age of 63 years (43-70). The etioloty of arthrodesis included 5 osteoarthritis, 2 Charcot joints, 1 rheumatoid arthritis, 1 Tbc arthritis and 1 residual poliomyelitis. Chief complaints were pain in 9 cases and instability in 1 case. Three patients had combined severe varus deformity. Tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis using multiple cannulated screws was performed by transfibular approach for all cases and short leg cast was applied for 12 weeks postoperatively. Results: The average follow-up period was 16.5 months (12-26 months). VAS pain score was average 8.2 (7-10) and modified AOFAS score was average 25 (8-40, total 86) preoperatively. At final follow-up, VAS score was average 1.0 (0-3) and AOFAS score improved to average 66 (58-75). There were 4 complications: 2 nonunion, 1 tibia stress fracture and 1 malunion. Seven of 8 patients were satisfied with the results at final follow-up. Conclusion: Fixation with multiple cannulated screws for tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis through transfibular approach is a recommendable surgical option.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to analyze the factors regarding work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in fruit-growers and offer the fundamental data for work improvement. The 587 fruit-growers (409 males and 178 females) working with 5 kinds of fruit: apple, pear, peach, grape, and mandarin participated in a questionnaire survey regarding MSDs and health condition in 2004 and 2005. The results are as follows: 1. Smoking rate was highest in apple growers. 2. Drinking rates were highest in male peach growers and in female grape growers. 3. Regular exercise rates were higher in pear and mandarin growers. 4. Physical and mental fatigue was higher in females than in males in most cases. 5. The prevalence rate of medically diagnosed diseases was highest for osteoarthritis (16.4%), herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP, 13.5%), and chronic gastritis/gastric ulcer (10.5%). As well as, the prevalence of dermatosis was higher in pear and mandarin growers. 6. The prevalence rate of musculoskeletal symptoms among the various pain areas was highest for lower back, shoulders, and knees. The prevalence rate was also high for lower back, shoulder, and knee pain in apple and grape growers. 7. The significant indexes used determining the musculoskeletal symptoms were BMI, working period, and regular exercise. These results can be practically used for work improvement for the fruit-growers to prevent MSDs.