• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2018

Purpose - In franchise system, how to build the relationship between the franchisor and franchisee through influence strategy is very important, because it affects on the long-term orientation like recontract intentions. Thus, this study examines the effect of mandatory influence strategy on relationship satisfaction, relationship trust, and recontract intentions in the context of food-service franchise industry. This study suggests the guidelines on how franchisor uses their influence strategy on franchisee to maintain and increase the recontract intentions. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examines the structural relationship between mandatory influence strategy, relationship satisfaction, relationship trust, and recontract intentions from the franchisee's perspective. Mandatory influence strategy divide into three sub-dimensions such as request, legalistic plea, threat. In order to test the purposes of this study, research model and hypotheses were developed. Every constructs were measured by multiple items tested and developed in the previous research. Also, the constructs utilized in this research are measured using 7-point scales anchored by "1=strongly disagree" and 7=strongly agree". The data were collected from 496 owner and owner manager franchisees and were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Smart PLS 3.0. program. Analysis of frequency was conducted to identify the demographics and general characteristics of the survey subjects. In order to measure the reliability and validity of the measurement tools, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis were conducted and structural model analysis was conducted to verify the proposed research model. Result - The results of this study are as follows. First, this research found that mandatory influence strategy is positively related to relationship satisfaction and relationship trust, but not to recontract intention directly. Second, this research also found that the full mediating role of relationship satisfaction and relationship trust between the mandatory influence strategy and recontract intention. Conclusions - The findings of this research indicate that franchisor should use properly mandatory influence strategy to improve recontract intentions through relationship satisfaction and relationship trust. Due to the nature of food-service franchise industry, which needs high relationship quality, franchisor must manage their franchisee using influence strategy in order to improve satisfaction and trust. If franchisee perceives higher relationship quality, they will show higher intention to recontract. At the end of this paper, limitations and future research directions were suggested.

• Korean small business review
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.59-87
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• 2017

There is growing concern of the international community for the environmental issues including climate change. Scholars have examined various issues regrading Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) but they mainly have focused on why firms introduce and implement GSCM from the persecutive of manufacturers. In particular, there has been few studies of green supply chain management in Korea. We investigate the effects of long-term relationships on green supply chain management and the relationship between GSCM and environmental performance. We also examine the relationship between long-term relationships and green information sharing, the effects of green information sharing on the GSCM. The data for this study were collected through a questionnaire survey on firms that participated in the Green Partnership Program of Korea Institute of Industrial Technology. Based on the responses of 155 firms the research model is empirically tested through a structural equation model. We found that long-term relationships facilitate GSCM significantly as it was expected. Green purchase and green product design also appears to improve environmental performance. Long-term relationship appears to affect positively green information sharing. Green information sharing does not have a statistically significant effect on environmental performance but show positive effect on GSCM including green purchase and green product design.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.75-90
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• 2023

This study aims to examine the impact of ESG management on management performance based on the type of organizational culture in Korean shipping and logistics companies. An online survey was conducted among shipping lines (regular and irregular) and general logistics companies with sales of more than 500 billion won that are implementing ESG management. A total of 183 copies were returned, and PLS structural equation analysis was conducted using the Smart PLS 4.0 program. The results of the study are as follows First. Governance management activities have a significant effect on business performance, social management activities have a significant effect on innovation culture, governance management activities have a significant effect on innovation culture, environmental management activities have a significant effect on hierarchical culture, and governance management activities have a significant effect on hierarchical culture. Contributions of this study First, this study analyzes the impact of ESG management activities on management performance of Korean shipping and logistics companies. Second, this study collected data through a questionnaire survey. The data were analyzed to determine the effect of ESG management activities on management performance. The data was analyzed to determine the level of ESG-related activities and business performance of companies and used to analyze the correlation between ESG management activities and business performance. Third, the results of the study suggest that companies can recognize that ESG management can help them improve their business performance. This can help companies build sustainable management strategies and further strengthen their management orientation to consider ESG factors.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.101-111
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• 2023

This study conducted systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the effectiveness of a dual-task for cognitive function in patients with MCI in Korea. A search was conducted using eight databases, and the search terms were MCI, cognition, and dual task. This study includes RCT and nonRCT published from January 2013 to July 2023. A total of 682 studies were searched, and 8 studies that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were finally analyzed. Methodological quality was assessed with the RoB, RoBANS. The meta-analysis used CMA 4.0 ver. As a result of the analysis, the overall effect size of the dual task was medium effect size. The effect size according to the outcome variables was large for orientation and executive function, and medium effect size for global cognitive function, visuospatial function, memory, and attention. As a result of analysis according to the intervention period, the effect was greater when applied for 4 to 8 weeks, and the effect size was larger when applied for 24 to 30 sessions. This study presented clinical evidence on the effectiveness and application method of a dual-task applied to improve cognitive function in patients with MCI.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.81-88
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to provide academic basic data by identifying the effects of active seniors' online video physical activity on physical self-perception and successful aging. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 10 active seniors in D city were selected, and after receiving consent to participate in online video physical activity, it was divided into pre and post, and from March 14 to April 22, 2022, Kakao Talk group chat was opened to watch online physical activity videos during the 12th session, download 2 videos a week, and exercise from Monday to Friday. To solve the research problem, frequency analysis and paired t-test were conducted using the SPSS Ver20.0 statistical program. As a result, first, as a result of analyzing the pre- and post-tests of physical self-perception through physical activity of active seniors, all of face satisfaction, body satisfaction, change in physical strength, and change in disease increased on average. Second, as a result of pre- and post-analysis of active seniors' successful aging through physical activity, acceptance of others, orientation toward self-fulfillment, self-acceptance, and satisfaction with children increased, but autonomous life and active participation in life decreased. Through these results, in the COVID-19 period, when activities were restricted due to social distancing, active seniors' online video physical activity has a positive effect on physical self-perception and successful aging, and various programs that can be active on their own should be developed in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.69-94
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the current status of the records management science education in Japan, and to examine the implications of the rapid growth of this filed while noting some of its significant issues and problems. The goal of records management science education is to improve the quality of information services and to assure an adequate supply of information professionals. Because records management science programs prepare students for a professional career, their curricula must encompass elements of both education and practical training. This is often expressed as a contrast between theory and practice. The confluence of the social, economic and technological realities of the environment where the learning takes place affects both. This paper reviews the historical background and current trends of records management science education in Japan. It also analyzes the various types of curriculum and the teaching staff of these institutions, with focus on the status of the undergraduate program at Surugadai University, the first comprehensive, university level program in Japan. The Faculty of Cultural Information Resources, Surugadai University, a new school toward an integrated information disciplines, was opened in 1994, to explore the theory and practice of the management diverse cultural information resources. Its purpose was to stimulate and promote research in additional fields of information science by offering professional training in archival science, records management, and museum curatorship, as well as librarianship. In 1999, the school introduced a master program, the first in Japan. The Faculty has two departments and each of them has two courses; Department of Sensory Information Resources Management; -Sound and Audiovisual Information Management, -Landscape and Tourism Information Management, Department of Knowledge Information Resources Management; -Library and Information Management, -Records and Archives Management The structure of the entire curriculum is also organized in stages from the time of entrance through basic instruction and onwards. Orientation subjects which a student takes immediately upon entering university is an introduction to specialized education, in which he learns the basic methods of university education and study, During his first and second years, he arranges Basic and Core courses as essential steps towards specialization at university. For this purpose, the courses offer a wide variety of study topics. The number of courses offered, including these, amounts to approximately 150. While from his third year onwards, he begins specific courses that apply to his major field, and in a gradual accumulation of seminar classes and practical training, puts his knowledge grained to practical use. Courses pertaining to these departments are offered to students beginning their second year. However, there is no impenetrable wall between the two departments, and there are only minor differences with regard requirements for graduation. Students may select third or fourth year seminars regardless of the department to which they belong. To be awarded a B.A. in Cultural Information Resources, the student is required to earn 34 credits in Basic Courses(such as, Social History of Cultural Information, Cultural Anthropology, History of Science, Behavioral Sciences, Communication, etc.), 16 credits in Foreign Languages(including 10 in English), 14 credits on Information Processing(including both theory and practice), and 60 credits in the courses for his or her major. Finally, several of the issues and problems currently facing records management science education in Japan are briefly summarized below; -Integration and Incorporation of related areas and similar programs, -Curriculum Improvement, -Insufficient of Textbooks, -Lack of qualified Teachers, -Problems of the employment of Graduates. As we moved toward more sophisticated, integrated, multimedia information services, information professionals will need to work more closely with colleagues in other specialties. It will become essential to the survival of the information professions for librarians to work with archivists, record managers and museum curators. Managing the changes in our increasingly information-intensive society demands strong coalitions among everyone in cultural Institutions. To provide our future colleagues with these competencies will require building and strengthening partnerships within and across the information professions and across national borders.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.107-143
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• 2017

This study aims to understand the impact of internal and external environments and innovation efforts on a company's performance. First, the relationships and patterns between variables were determined through an exploratory factor analysis. Afterwards, a cluster analysis was conducted, in which the influential factors summarized in the factor analysis were classified. Finally, structural equation modeling was used to carry out an empirical analysis of the structural relationship between innovation efforts and the company's performance in the classified clusters. 7 factors were derived from the exploratory factor analysis of 40 input variables from external and internal environments. 4 clusters (n=1,022) were formed based on the 7 factors. Empirical analysis of the 4 clusters using structural equation modelling showed the following: Only independent technology development had a positive impact on the company's performance for Cluster 1, which is characterized by sensitivity to a technological/competitive environment and innovativeness. Only independent technology development and joint research had positive impacts on the company's performance for Cluster 2, which is characterized by sensitivity to a market environment and internal orientation. Joint research and the mediating variable of government support program utilization had positive impacts, while the introduction of technology had a negative impact on the company's performance for Cluster 3, which is characterized by sensitivity to a competitive environment, innovativeness, and willingness to cooperate with the government and related institutions. Independent technology development as well as the mediating variables of network utilization and government support program utilization had positive impacts on the company's performance for Cluster 4, which is characterized by openness and external cooperation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.193-211
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• 2021

Recently, interest in Korean Wave craze and K-beauty, led by K-pop, is increasing. In addition, the popularity and influence of the domestic beauty service industry has increased, and the economic and cultural ripple effects have been continuously expanding. The need to professional manpower training in response to the demand for manpower due to the growing development of domestic beauty services is emphasized, and the number of trainees who are actual consumers of beauty academy is increasing. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to examine the importance of quality factors of educational services to achieve educational purposes in the educational services provided by the Beauty Academy and the relationship between relationship commitment and educational service performance. Furthermore, it is to draw the importance of administrative support services, educational programs as well as educational service provision activities. However, the research for professional manpower training according to the provision of beauty services is insufficient compared to the development speed of the beauty industry. Therefore, at the present time when beauty service education is emphasized, our study will examine the relationship between relationship commitment and educational service performance based on the quality of education service by the students of domestic beauty academy. The measurement variables set for our study are program, instructor quality, tuition, external service, service fairness, relationship commitment, trust level, and educational service performance. The variables were analyzed and derived through the survey, and the following contents were derived from the empirical analysis. First, the quality of education service provided by the beauty academy, such as program, external service, service fairness, relationship commitment and trust level, had a significant effect on relationship commitment. Educational services provided by the institute, such as the systematicity and diversity of educational programs, enabled students to have a uniform relationship commitment. The quality of education service itself is to learn the expertise necessary for providing beauty service from the standpoint of the students and play an organic role in the relationship with the institute. Second, the moderating effect of trust level between academies and students was significant in the quality of education service and the relationship commitment. This means that students will feel higher level of service quality through the practical trust relationship of the students about the educational services provided by the institute. Based on the results of the empirical analysis, the implications of our study are to find ways to improve the students' ability and satisfaction represented by the results of educational services. This is because the quality of education services provided by the institute called Beauty Academy will have a great impact on the career choice of educational facilities and students. The characteristics of consistency, convenience, and knowledge orientation of education itself should be considered comprehensively, and a strong market position should be established through image formation through external service factors, which are external environments of academies.Furthermore, in terms of presenting differentiated strategies with competitors, the educational service quality factors play a significant role in the commitment to the relationship with the students, so the role of relationship marketing will be important for the psychological stability experienced by the students by grasping the demand accompanying the behavior of the students in advance.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.87-106
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• 2013

In the service-oriented economy, knowledge and skills are considered core resources to secure competitive advantages and service innovation. Knowledge management capability, which facilitates to produce, share, accumulate and reuse knowledge, becomes as important as knowledge itself to create service value. Along with knowledge management capability, dynamic capability and operational capability are the key capabilities related to managing service delivery processes. Previous studies indicated that these three capabilities are related to service innovation. Although separately investigate the relationship between the three capabilities. The purpose of this study is 1) to define variables that have effects on service innovation including knowledge management capability, dynamic capability and operational capability, and 2) to empirically test to identify relationship among variables. In this study, knowledge management capability is defined as the capability to manage knowledge process. Dynamic capability is regarded as the firm's ability to integrate, build, and reconfigure internal and external competences to address rapidly changing environments. Operational capability refers to a high-level routine that, together with its implementing input flows, confers upon an organization's management a set of decision options for producing significant outputs of a particular type. The proposed research model was tested against the data collected through the survey method. The survey questionnaire was distributed to the managers who participated in an educational program for management consulting. Each individual who answered the questionnaire represented a knowledge based service firm. About 212 surveys questionnaires were sent via e-mail or directly delivered to respondents. The number of useable responses was 93. Measurement items were adapted from previous studies to reflect the characteristics of the industry each informant worked in. All measurement items were in, 5 point Likert scale with anchors ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). Out of 93 respondents, about 81% were male, 82% of respondents were in their 30s. In terms of jobs, managers were 39.78%, professions/technicians were 24.73%, researchers were 12.90%, and sales people were 10.75%. Most of respondents worked for medium size enterprises (47,31%) in their, less than 30 employees (46.24%) in their number of employees, and less than 10 million USD (65.59%) in terms of sales volume. To test the proposed research model, structural equation modeling (SEM) technique (SPSS 16.0 and AMOS version 5) was used. We found that the three organizational capabilities have influence on service innovation directly or indirectly. Knowledge management capability directly affects dynamic capability and service innovation but indirectly affect operational capability through dynamic capability. Dynamic capability has no direct impact on service innovation, but influence service innovation indirectly through operational capability. Operational capability was found to positively affect service innovation. In sum, three organizational capabilities (knowledge management capability, dynamic capability and operational capability) need to be strategically managed at firm level, because organizational capabilities are significantly related to service innovation. An interesting result is that dynamic capability has a positive effect on service innovation only indirectly through operational capability. This result indicates that service innovation might have a characteristics similar to process innovation rather than product orientation. The results also show that organizational capabilities are inter-correlated to influence each other. Dynamic capability enables effective resource management, arrangement, and integration. Through these dynamic capability affected activities, strategic agility and responsibility get strength. Knowledge management capability intensify dynamic capability and service innovation. Knowledge management capability is the basis of dynamic capability as well. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed further in the conclusion section.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 1973

(Directed by Professor Hong, Shin Yong) Today, over seventy five Percent of the schools of nursing in Korea Provide a psychiatric experience in the basic curriculum. The psychiatric presents numerous major problems of adjustment to the student. The importance of positive attitudes toward the nursing care of psychiatric patients is recognized by the nursing profession. The purpose of this study was to determine the expressed attitudes of fifty-three nursing students toward their psychiatric affiliation. An attempt, also, was made to determine what implications these attitudes revealed relative to future program planning for students during the psychiatric nursing affiliation. A questionnaire, a Korean translation of the "psychiatric Nursing Attitude Questionnaire" by Milder Elizabeth Fletcher, was administered to fifty-three nursing students from three schools of nursing in Seoul, Who had completed a four-week psychiatric affiliation in a large mental hospital during Mar. 19, 1973 to May 19, 1973. The questionnaire of 100 statements was administered in the following way: (1) Part 1, Preconceptions. was. given in individual conferences with each subject, during the first few days of their affiliation, and again during the final week of the affiliation. The responses to Part Ⅰ were oral. (2) Part Ⅱ , Expectations, Part Ⅱ, Personal Relations, Part Ⅳ, Personal Feelings, and Part V , Attitudes and Activities of Patients were given to all of the subjects in a group meeting during the second week of the affiliation, and again. during the fourth week at the termination of the affiliation. Responses to Parts B, B, n, and f, wire written. Each of the 100 statements of the questionnaire was considered to be either Positive or Negative. A favorable response was assigned the Positive value of land an unfavorable response was assigned the Negative value of O. The coefficient of correlation was computed between the two sets of scores for the fifty-three nursing students., The mean score, the standard deviation, and the differences in the means on each of the five parts of the questionnaire were computed and the relationships calculated by a t-test. The results. of the study were as follows: 1. There was no significant correlation between the two sets of scores for the fifty-three nursing students during the four-week psychiatric affiliation. (r=573) 2. There was no significant difference in the mean scores between the first and final tests for any of the five parts of the questionnaire. 3. The Part.1, Preconceptions, data indicated nursing students enter the psychiatric affiliation with certain attitudes and preconceptions toward tile psychiatric affiliation which affect their psychiatric nursing experience, 4. The Part Ⅰ, Expectations, data indicated inappropriate expectations of students related to lack of experience, Lack of pre-psychiatric affiliation orientation, lack of social understanding, and feelings of insecurity. 5. The Part Ⅲ, Personal relations, data indicated some students have negative attitudes in personal relations with normal people in respect to psychological security and social responsibilities. 6. The Part Ⅳ, Personal feelings, data indicated nursing students have psychological insecurity & inappropriateness. 7. The Part Ⅴ, Attitudes and activities of patients, data indicated nursing students have negative attitudes of fear and frustration due to the psychotic behavior of certain patients in certain situations. 8. The data indicated preconceptions are predominate in unfavorable attitudes of students toward psychiatric nursing affiliation. Further researches indicated in the following areas: 1. Because of the limited number of students in this study, similar studies should be performed with larger groups for further validation of the results. 2. Because of the findings concerning the influence of the opinions of people in close contact with the students, similar studies of the attitudes of the staff in nursing schools, attitudes of graduate nurses and attitudes of the public should be done to determine weakness and strengths of present programs.