• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1391-1400
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• 2018

Angelica tenuissima root has historically been used as a traditional medicine in Korea. Previous studies have identified the anti-melanogenic effects of the extract of A. tenuissima root fermented by Aspergillus oryzae (FAT). This study investigated the protective effects of FAT against ultraviolet light B exposure (UVB; $30mJ/cm^2$) in HaCaT (human keratinocyte) or Hs68 (human foreskin fibroblast) skin cells. FAT treatment was able to stimulate wound healing rate at the basal condition. FAT also favored the maintenance and/or improvement of extracellular matrix impairment caused by UVB irradiation through: 1) upregulation of procollagen Type-1 synthesis and secretion; 2) suppression of MMP-1 and elastase expression. FAT was able to play a role in the attenuation of inflammatory responses caused by UVB irradiation via upregulation of photo-protective hemeoxygease-1 and suppression of proinflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 expression. After further verification of the anti-photoaging potential of FAT, it could be utilized as an effective ingredient in anti-aging and anti-wrinkle cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2023

This study aimed to confirm the potential as a material for food, medicine, and cosmetics by measuring the physiological activity of the complex extract(Leonurus japonicus Houtt., Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and Citrus unshiu Markovich). The complex extract was with hot water, The evaluation of cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and MAPKs of the extract was performed by using ELISA and western blot. Total polyphenols and flavonoid contents of complex extracts were 126.16 mg/g and 105.84 mg/g, respectively. The scavenging activities of DPPH and ABTS radical significantly increased in a dose-dependent in complex extracts. Compared to the control group, the complex extracts treatments significantly reduced concentrations of nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokine (i.e., IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6). Furthermore, the complex extracts treatments significantly reduced protein expression levels of MAPKs (i.e., ERK, JNK, and p38). The results indicate that the complex extract can be used for oxidative damage and inflammation. Thus, the results of this study can be used as basic data for composite materials for food, medicine, and cosmetics.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.63-71
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• 2014

Objectives : Lonicerae japonicae Flos(LJF) has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-rheumatoid properties. However, it is still largely unknown whether LJF inhibits the ultraviolet(UV)B-induced oxidative damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Therefore in this paper, we investigated the anti-oxidative capacity and protective effect of LJF against UVB-induced oxidative demage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Methods : To evaluate the anti-oxidative activity of LJF extracts, we measured total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, and superoxide scavenging activity. To give an oxidative stress to HaCaT cells, UVB was irradiated with $200mJ/cm^2$ to HaCaT cells. To detect the protective effect of LJF against UVB, we measured cell viability, DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, we performed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis to find a major component of LJF. Results : LJF contained phenolic and flavonoid contents, and showed the anti-oxidant and superoxide scavenging activity. The UVB-induced oxidative conditions led to the cell death, DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, pretreatment with LJF reduced oxidative conditions, including inhibition of cell death, DNA fragmentation and ROS production. In addition, we found out chlorogenic acid as major component of LJF. Conclusions : These results could suggest that LJF contained anti-oxidative contents and exhibited protective effects against UVB on human HaCaT keratinocytes. And the effective compound of LJF which could show protective activities against UVB is chlorogenic acid. Thus, LJF and chlorogenic acid would be useful for the development of drug or cosmetics treating skin troubles.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.235-241
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• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Poncirus trifoliata Raf. extract on lymphocytic leukemia tumor (L1210) cell lines. Disruptions in cell organelles were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay The comparison of Ic50 Values of Poncirus trifoliata Raf. extract in L1210 cell lines showed that their susceptibility to these fractons decreased in the following order: adriamycin > Fr.4> Fr. 6> Fr. 5> Fr. 3> Fr. 1> Fr. 2 by the MTT assay. In order to develop an antumicrobial agent, Poncirus trifoliata Raf. was extracted wit ethanol, and then it was fractionated with several mobile phase. The antitumor activities of fractions of the ethanol soluble extract was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of fractions of the ethanol soluble extract of Poncirus trifoliata Raf. against microorganisms were also examined. Antimicrobial activities of ampicillin and ketoconazole as references were compared to those of fractions of the ethanol soluble extract of Poncirus trifoliata Raf. The antimicrobial activities of all fractions from the extract had growth inhibition activities against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and fungi $(MIC\;>\;200{\mu}g/ml)$. These results suggest that fraction 4 of the ethanol soluble extract of Poncirus trifoliata Raf. possessed the most antitumorous agent.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.53-65
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• 2012

In order to investigate the possibility of SHT as therapeutic for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), cytotoxicity, anti-oxidant activity, modulatory and suppression activities of SHT were tested. 90% or higher cell viability was observed in all tested groups from 25 to 200 ug/ml using Raw 264.7 cells. SHT showed dose-dependent DPPH scavenging activity, with more than 80% scavenging activities at 400 and 800 ug/ml concentrations. SHT showed dose-dependent suppression activity of ROS production, especially at 200 ug/ml of 57.4%. SHT decreased NO production activity dose dependently, expecially at 200 ug/ml of 28.8%. IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-${\alpha}$ production rate were decreased by 45.7%, 15.5%, 8.9%, 16.5% respectively when Raw 264.7 cells were treated with LPS and with SHT of 200 ug/ml. However, only IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ showed significant changes. The results above indicate that SHT significantly reduces the effect of oxidative and inflammatory cytokines. The use of SHT in dermatitis can be widely suggested.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

In order to study the effect of CPS in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), its role on various immune related cytokines were tested. Levels of liver and kidney function markers such as ALT, AST, BUN in NC/Nga mice were all normal indicating no toxicity in CPS treated group. Significant recovery from AD could be observed in CPS treated group through naked eye observation. Dermatitis index was significantly decreased after 11, 12, and 13 weeks of treatment. CD4+, CD8+, CD3+ /CD69+ immune cell ratio in DLN were decreased significantly by 37.2%, 49%, 20.8% in CPS treated group. CD4+ and CD11b+ /Gr-1+ immune cell ratio in dorsal skin were decreased significantly by 50.8% and 59.2% in CPS treated group. Expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in spleen were decreased by 78.8%, 97.8%, 64.7%, 73.6%, and 68.4%, respectively in CPS treated group. The results above strongly indicated the significant immune modulatory effect of CPS and thus clinical application of CPS on AD treatment.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.41-52
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• 2012

In vitro tests were performed using CST to investigate its role on oxidative damages and inflammatory cytokines. 90% or higher cell viability was observed in CST treated groups from 25 to 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ using Raw 264.7 cells. CST showed dose-dependent DPPH scavenging activity, with 91.3% and 92.2% scavenging activities at 400 and 800 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentrations, respectively. CST showed dose-dependent suppression activity of ROS production, especially at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of 41.3%. CST decreased NO production activity, with significant decrease of 16.2% and 33.5% at 100 and 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentrations, respectively. IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1 production rate were significantly decreased by 30.0%, 27.2%, 22.1% when Raw 264.7 cells were treated with LPS and with CST of 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Also, TNF-${\alpha}$ production rate was decreased by 28.6%. The results above indicated therapeutic effect of CST on the AD through anti-oxidative and immune modulatory effect. Various blending of drug substances with CST should be clinically tested.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17-27
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• 2012

In order to investigate the possibility of Kamisamultang(KMSMT) as therapeutic for the treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD), cytotoxicity, anti-oxidant activity, modulatory and suppression activities of KMSMT were tested. 90% or higher cell viability was observed in all tested groups from 25 to 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ using Raw 264.7 cells. KMSMT showed dose-dependent DPPH scavenging activity, with more than 80% scavenging activities at 400 and 800 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentrations. KMSMT showed dose-dependent suppression activity of reactive oxygen species(ROS) production, especially at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of 42.6%. KMSMT decreased nitric oxide(NO) production activity dose dependently, expecially at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of 30.9%. IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-${\alpha}$ production rate were decreased by 45.7%, 15.5%, 8.9%, 16.5% respectively when Raw 264.7 cells were treated with LPS and with KMSMT of 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. However, only IL-$1{\beta}$ and MCP-1 showed significant changes. The results above strongly suggest the modulatory and suppressive effect of KMSMT. The results above indicate that KMSMT significantly reduces the effect of oxidative and inflammatory cytokines. The use of KMSMT in atopic dermatitis can be widely suggested.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.351-356
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• 2011

Citrus unshiu (C. unshiu) Markovich were dried peel of mandarin orange, of which fresh fruit was one of the famous foods in Korea and Eastern Asia. In the oriental medicine, C. unshiu peel was known to have a diuretic effect and to strengthen spleen function. Recently, natural flavonoids of C. unshiu peel have been investigated. In this study, C. unshiu peel extract containing flavonoid-glycosides was cultured with Schizophyllum commune (S. commune) mycelia producing ${\beta}$-glu- cosidase and its biological activities were investigated. ${\beta}$-glucosidase of S. commune mycelia converted the flavonoid-glycosides (rutin and hesperidin) into aglycones (naringenin and hesperetin). Fermented C. unshiu peel extract compounds were analyzed by HPLC system. The photoprotective potential of fermented C. unshiu peel extract was tested in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) exposed to UVA. Fermented C. unshiu peel extract extract also showed notable in vitro anti-inflammatory effect on cellular systems generating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) metabolites. Also, UVB-induced production of interleukin-$1{\alpha}$ in human HaCaT cells was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with fermented C. unshiu peel extract. These results suggest that fermented C. unshiu peel extract may mitigate the effects of photoaging in skin by reducing UV-induced adverse skin reaction.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2019

OMiYakSung theory consists of various herbs that contain at least one or more of the five flavors. This theory has been used to prevent human diseases and enhance the immune system. The main objective of the present study was to investigate efficacy differences and changes in ingredients of blended and single herb extracts based on OMiYakSung theory. We selected three herbs Coptis japonica Makino, Cimicifuga heracleifolia Komarov, and white Poria cocos and assessed their physiological effect. As results, the blended extracts showed excellent cell migration effect at 400 ug/mL concentration, compared to the single extract. In addition, the blended extracts enhanced immune function by increasing the activity of dendritic cells and showed the highest antioxidant activity by DPPH assay and HPLC-ABTS assay. In this study, we developed a new materials that can be applicable to cosmetics and pharmaceuticals field by applying oriental medicine theory.