• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1221-1225
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• 2009

The pulse diagnosis is an important and universally used method in Oriental Medicine. Since the traditional method of palpating the pulse relies on the subjective sense in the fingers of an Oriental Medical Doctor(OMD), there has been continued need for more objective method for pulse diagnosis. Recently, various pulse analyzers have been developed to meet such objective palpation and interpretation. However, most of these attempts were not successful to replace OMD's own palpation by fingers. To improve the performance of the pulse analyzers, one should develop machine-appropriate interpretations for the pulse images in the literature, in addition to the improvement in the repeatability and reproducibility. One of such widely-used pulse images to be interpreted is the floating and sinking pulse. The floating and sinking pulses are the two representative pulse images informing us how strong pressure one should apply to obtain the maximal pulse strength. A previous study suggested a convenient and unified measure for the floating and sinking pulses by defining the coefficient of the floating-sinking pulse(CFS). We found the original definition of the CFS could be erroneous under some situations. To improve the performance, we introduce new CFS algorithm for determining the floating and sinking pulse with a pulse analyzers(3-D MAC). To test the performance of the newly suggested algorithm, we conducted a clinical study comparing the agreement ratio with the floating and sinking pulse diagnosis by the OMDs. We found that, among the subjects who are diagnosed with having either the floating pulse or sinking pulse, the new CFS algorithm showed 55.3% diagnosis rate and 73.0% concordance rate, which are about 3% and 6% improvement in the diagnosis rate and agreement rate, respectively, compared to the original CFS algorithm.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.631-644
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of an instrument for pattern identification and evaluation in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).Methods: The study consisted of 66 patients with CIPN (visual analog scale ≥30 mm, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ≤2). The test-retest reliability of the instrument for pattern identification and evaluation in CIPN was tested twice with the same patients in one week.Results: Pearson’s coefficient test-retest reliability of the instrument was 0.601-0.777. The internal reliability of each part was 0.619-0.811. To confirm the validity of the instrument for pattern identification and evaluation for CIPN, the correlation between the score for each identification pattern and that of other CIPN instruments was analyzed. The results revealed a positive correlation between the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and CIPN-20.Conclusion: The reliability of the instrument for pattern identification and evaluation in CIPN was moderate, and the validity analysis revealed a positive correlation.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.159-178
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• 1995

After acupuncture needles were inserted on apkok(LI4) and Kokchi(LI11) accupoints, physiological changes induced by the varitions of 'Qi' were measured. The body temperature and pulse frequency were fromed to be decreased observed and we presumed that the needle insertion induced some changes of Qi in meridian and this seemed to be achieved by a certain process of Qi induction. We applied EAV, nervinemeter and pulse-taking machine which is widely used as oriental medicine instruments, to the same vounteers and observed the significant variations for each apparatus in spite of partial lack of reproducibility. In this paper, we described about the physical quantity measured by the medical appartatus and how it was related to the variation of Qi The proper conditions used for good oriental medicine instruments have also been suggested.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was a descriptive study to compare of quality of life, relationship with CVA patients, and family support between caregiver of patient with CVA in western and oriental medicine. Method: Total 270 caregivers for CVA patients were selected from western medicine department (114) and oriental medicine department (156) at K hospital in Seoul. The instrument tools utilized in this study were quality of life, Family support, Caregiver's relationship with patients, daily activity. Collected data were analyzed by $X^2$-test, t-test using SPSS Windows 12.0 Program. Result: The result are as follows: 1) There was no significant difference in quality of life between caregivers of patients with CVA in western and oriental medicine(t=.26, p=.792). 2) There was significant difference in relationship with patients(t=2.64, p=.009) and family support(t=2.12, p=.035) before onset of disease between caregivers of patients with CVA in western and oriental medicine. Conclusion: As a result, caregivers of oriental medicine with CVA patients showed closer relationship with patients before the onset of disease and higher family support compare to caregivers of western medicine with CVA patients.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.527-534
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• 2006

This is a pilot study to survey the general demand of senior-assistive necessities before a standardization system for senior-assistive necessities is developed as well as to describe health professionals' opinions about the demand and quality of Oriental medical aids and necessities for daily living for the elderly. This is a descriptive survey in which 29 health professionals are questioned, using structured questionnaires based on ISO 9999. The questionnaires were developed by 7 expert conduction standardization system of senior-assistive products in Korea. The data is analyzed by descriptive statistics. The result is as follows : First, with regard to the demand for all of the items in Oriental medical aids for the elderly, the demand of cupping glasses is the highest, followed by instrument used to apply heat treatment, massage equipment, thermo-therapeutic mattress, and heat or ice packs. With regard to the demand for all of the items for the necessities for daily living for the elderly, chairs are the highest, followed by rolling chairs, beds for health, and heigh adjustable beds. Second, with regard to quality of Oriental medical aids, ${\ulcorner}$aids for hair care${\lrcorner}$ are the best, whereas ${\ulcorner}$aids for boiling Oriental medicine${\lrcorner}$ are the worst. In quality of the necessities for daily living, ${\ulcorner}$chairs${\lrcorner}$ are the best, whereas ${\ulcorner}$beds${\lrcorner}$ are the worst. Above all, this result shows that with ${\ulcorner}$aids for heat or cold treatment${\lrcorner}$, there is relatively high demand and low quaily of Oriental medical aids, and with ${\ulcorner}$Beds${\lrcorner}$, there is relatively high demand and low quality. Therefore, aids for heat or cold treatment and beds in th necessities for daily living are required to be developed for standardization of senior-assistive necessities.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.159-176
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• 2004

Objective : To present a criteria for acupuncture standardization, which will improve quality of acupuncture and secure safety, through studies of the biocompatibility of acupuncture. Methods : The acupunctures distributed in Korea were studied. The chemical composition, elasticity, and the solidity of the acupuncture's metal material was analyzed. Results & Conclusions : 1) The acupunctures distributed in Korea were all produced with ST304. Because acupuncture is used on a living body, the corrosion resistance, allergy proof and magnetism of the metal material should be considered. In this point, STS316 stainless steel would be more suitable than ST304. 2) The elasticity and solidity of the acupuncture's metal material distributed in Korea meet the medical instrument standards of the Korea Food and Drug Administration. But since the standards are only roughly outlined, the criteria should be realized and standardized.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.97-111
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• 1995

In our society today, a variety of medical caring system, along with a scientific development in the area of oriental medical science plus national demand, has increased the augmentation and the opening of oriental wards and hospitals (Han Bang), which has come to create an additional requirement of nursing activity at oriental medicine wards should be different from that of the general wards or the same as the other. In view of this, various studies need to be made in this connection. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the number of nurses who want to work at oriental medicine wards and measure job satisfaction in nursing as compared with those working at general wards so as to provide basic materials for future assignment and supplementary training for the nurses. An attempt was made to contribute toward nursing administration on the one hand improving nursing training course on the other hand. A total of 72 nurses currently working at two oriental medicine hospitals available in Seoul and 82 general nurses were selected for this study using the questionaire from December 1993 to January 1994. An instrument for the study was based on the measurement of work satisfaction developed by Paula L. Stamps including 37 questions complemented by Kim for revision (1993) and 14 questions regarding general characteristics and oriental medicine wards. The instrument to test dependability showed Cronbach's=0.7711. The collected data have been processed by computer package SPSS. General characteristics of the two groups and the matters involved in oriental medicine wards were calculated into real figure and percentage an similarities between the two groups were analyzed by t-test and F-test according to the characteristics of variables. The comparative test on work satisfaction among the two groups including general characteristics and work factors were conducted by t-test and F-test. The major findings as a result of the study are as follows : 1. As general characteristics, age group of $26{\sim}30$ years are more than any segment of age. As to marital status, the number of those in single status is slightly higher than the married. Approximately 80% of them are graduates of nursing schools and nursing colleges. They are mostly in service for one to three years. There is no significant difference between the two groups. 2. The number of those who want to work at oriental medicine wards represents 40.3% against 58.4%, being in favor of general wards. 3. The reason for service at oriental medicine wards is that "there is room for potential research" which happened to rank first, followed by "easy job," "good working atmosphere" and "growing interest in oriental medicine." 4. Work satisfactions among nurses who work at oriental medicine wards prove greater than that of nurses who work at general wards. 5. Work satisfaction between the two groups by work factors is reflected with significant difference statistically on task requirement, interaction and doctor-nurse relationships. 6. The general charcateristics and the work satisfaction by work factors prove that there are significant difference in age, marital status, education and the period of work. They tend to be more satisfied with the work as they grow in age. Significant differneces are found in the work factors such as autonomy, adiministration and professional job in the relationship with doctor-nurse. As to marital status, the married are more satisfied than the unmarried. There are significant differneces in the factors respecting administration and doctor-nurse college graduates are highly satisfied with task requirement. However, satisfaction with the professional level has proven the highest degree for those having master degree. The period of work and satisfaction : There are significant differneces in task requirement, administration, interactions, professional level and doctor-nurse relationships. As a general rule, the degree of satisfactions is in proportion to the lengrh of service. The following conclusions are drawn based on the fndings mentioned above. Even though the work satisfaction of the nurse who work at oriental medicine ward is relatively high, it is desired that personal consultation be given as to disposition of nurses when they are assigned to oriental medicine wards. It is also recommended that lectures on oriental medicine be conducted through supplementary training and/or basic nursing course in order that they may be motivated for ingenious activities with an increasing sense of self-esteem which will eventually enhance positive changes for the patients who are in need of oriental medicine nursing and for the medical teams. In addition, joint reseaches involvingclinical care and education should be in constant process for unique and scientific development for those who are subject to oriental medicine nursing care.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.139-153
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• 2013

Background or Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review oriental medicine journal clinical study in human that have been utilize Electroacupuncture in Korea. Methods : We investigated clinical studies in relation to electroacupuncture through 70 articles from OASIS excluded studies used rats and reviews. Results : Of 162 articles, totally 70 articles selected. There was differences ways of stimulation. In 70 articles, 19 type of instrument is used. About Stimulation time, 15 minutes form 40 percent, 20 minute form 37.1 percent, 30 minute form 11.4 percent. About stimulation intensity, there was 20 articles is unknown intensity. Only 21 articles present intensity by value. In frequency, 2 Hz frequency is used the most, 21 articles. Below 10 Hz frequency is used 54.2 % in 70 articles. There was 7 articles is unknown frequency. Conclusions : The result of this study could provide useful information of field of electroacupuncture is used in oriental medicine. Studies of electroacupuncture should be carried out in many different ways.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.181-220
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• 1998

1. PURPOSE This is a quantitative analysis of Sasang Constitution by measuring human body except face. This study is carried out for the purpose of searching out the theory of Sa-cho and the morphologic theory of Sasang Constitution. 2. METHOD (1) SUBJECTS Subjects are 338 person came to Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine (KyungHee Oriental Medical Center) and Oriental Medicine and Western Medicine Cooperative Health Examination Center (KyungHee Medical Center) from October 1997 to Jauary 1998. The mean age is $41.7{\pm}12.39$. (2) CLASSIFICATION OF SASANG CONSTITUTION QSCCII(Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification) is used for the Classification of Sasang Constitution. The distributions of Sasang Constitution Classification are Soeumin 83, Soyangin 98, and Taeumin 157. (3) MEASURING INSTRUMENT & ITEMS Length, Breadth, Circomferece, and Skinfold thickness of each body segment are measured by Martin's measuring instrument and Skinfold Caliper. Measured items of this study is based on Lohman's methods and is added new items. (4) DATA ANALYSIS The Volume, Weight, Rate, and Index of each group are calculated by using measuring items. The difference of each group is analyzed by SPSS 7.0 for Win. 3. RESULT (1) THE MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTIC of TAEUMIN First of all, the Taeumin has a emormous morphology. His trunk is huge but head-neck and limbs is small. The volume and weight of head-neck is smaller than other body segments but the volume and weight of upper-abdomen is bigger than ones. (2) THE MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTIC of SOEUMIN The Soeumin has a small morphology. His head-neck rate is bigger than Taeumin's but his trunk rate is smaller than Taeumin's. And his lower limbs rate is bigger than other constitution but it's not a significant difference. His neck is thinest and longgest than others. His chest is thin and narrow. His lower-abdomen rate is bigger than other constitution but it's difference is not significant. (3) THE MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTIC of SOYANGIN Soyangin has a middle size at head-neck and chest part. But the rate of upper limb is higer than other constitution. And the rate of lower-abdomen part is lower than other constitution. but that's not significant.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Background : According to the rising cases of clinical researches with Traditional Korean Medicine for persistent allergic rhinitis patients, the need for developing and applying Pattern diagnosis instrument has been increasing. Objective : This study was done to investigate and pragmatize the Pattern diagnosis instrument for persistent allergic rhinitis patients launched by KFDA in 2008. Methods : Data was collected by structured survey papers from Korean Medicine doctors participate in the Conference of The Korean Oriental Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology Society in October 2012. We investigated their representative Patterns(변증) of every questions and used the mean results for assuming agreement rates. The importance order of 8 symptom domains for considering Pattern diagnostic steps were also asked and analyzed for inducing importance rates. Finally based on above two results, we developed weight points of each questions by multiplying agrement percents with importance rates. Results : 50 Korean medicine doctors described the informed consent and survey papers. Response agreement rates of each questions of Pattern diagnosis instruments were analyzed and described in Table 2. Comparing the survey results with diagnostic references, matched percent of 肺胃熱 was the 87.9%, 肺氣虛寒 was 62.5%, 肺脾氣虛 was 62.5% and 腎元虧虛 was 50%. Mean importance rates of rhinorrhea was 7.28, otoscope diagnosis 5.12, obstruction 5.04, sneeze 4.82, symptom duration 4.63, other body condition 3.54, tongue diagnosis 3.02, nasal pruritus 2.86, accordingly. Final importance rates of each questions were assumed, and the range of them was from 1.60 to 4.72, which were listed in Table 5. Conclusion : These results might provide the rational backgrounds and practical methods for developing and utilizing methods of Pattern diagnosis questionnaire for perennial allergic rhinitis.