• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2015

This study started from the concern for Bjrake Ingels, an emerging architect in the architecture circle, who is creative and popular. Recently, the architecture field provides architects with a foundation to express a process on a new form creation through various new expressive languages, design concepts, and methods. The global Danish group BIG(Bjarke Ingels Group) develops a story by their distinctive architectural language. The storytelling is being used in various fields and now the tool called 'story' is settling down as an important element in the life that human lives. Bjarke Ingels leading the group BIG aims for the form expression by the scientific analysis and adaptation after being affected by Danish regional background and OMA. It creates a form to share stories with local members by visually simplifying the region, culture, environment, social phenomenon, economy, and politics that are invisible and do not have the form in the modern society. The elements and expressive features of the space storytelling include locality, cultural, natural environment, and connectivity which are the content structure(story) that enables you to intervene in the story according to the main agent to imagine a new space. The expressive element includes the watching moving line story of the successive, hierarchical, and organic structures which are constructive elements creating various spaces through the mixture, transmutability, and relocation of the program and inducing users to the space. The space storytelling is composed of the symbolism, community, and eco-friendliness to appear diversely through BIG's case analysis. This study will have significance that it drew a method and feature looked at by many contemporary architects from the storytelling viewpoint in the form-creating process, classified the form-creating process through a new storytelling type, and showed a possibility on the development of various methodologies.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2014

In this study, we presented a newly synthesized pyrene-naphthalene diimide(NDI)-pyrene triad. The optical and structural properties were examined using various characterization techniques. A donor-acceptor-donor triad molecule exhibited a strong charge transfer, though there existed neither intramolecular nor intermolecular hydrogen bonding sites, due to the formation of preferential complementary complex between pyrene and NDI. Powder XRD measurement revealed a sharp and distinctive X-ray patterns, indicating the presence of microcrystalline-like structure. POM images showed anisotropic fingerprint texture similar to that of cholesteric phase, and SEM images showed numerous columnar structures with length of 1 to $10{\mu}m$. Above observation clearly demonstrated that ${\pi}$-complementary NDI-pyrene interactions in the traid was strong enough to form columnar aggregates in the long range.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.150-158
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• 2005

Added ratio of 8YSZ powder and organic compounds (solvent, plasticizer, dispersant, binder) properly. It manufactured electrolysis membrane by wet process that make slurry and dry process that do not use organic compounds. In the case of wet process, harmony combination and method of organic compound are an importance element in slurry manufacture. This slurry did calcine at temperature of 140$^{\circ}C$ in Furnace and manufactured electrolyte disk by Dry pressing method. Like this, manufacturing disk sintered at temperature of $1300^{\circ}C,\;1400^{\circ},\;1500^{\circ}C$ in Furnace and completed electrolysis membrane. Confirmed change of crystal structure and decision form through analysis of density, SEM, XRD according to change of sintering temperature, and considered relation with ion conductivity.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.402-407
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• 2014

Herein, we describe the effect of the cooling-off condition of a solution-processed 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene (TIPS-pentacene) film on its molecular distribution and the resultant electrical properties. Since the solvent in a TIPS-pentacene droplet gradually evaporates from the rim to the center exhibiting a radial form of solute, for a quenched case, domains of the TIPS-pentacene film are aboriginally spread showing original features of radial shape due to suppressed molecular rearrangement during the momentary cooling period. For the slowly cooled case, however, TIPS-pentacene molecules are randomly rearranged during the long cooling period. As a result, in the lopsided electrodes structure proposed in this work, the charge transport generates more effectively under the case for radial distribution induced by the quenching technique. It was found that the molecular redistribution during the cooling-period plays an important role on the magnitude of the mobility in a solution-processed organic transistor. This work provides at least a scientific basis between the molecular distribution and electrical properties in solution-processed organic devices.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.983-988
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• 1997

We investigated the structural and dielectric properties of PZT(20/80)/PZT(80/20) heterolayered thin films that fabricated by the alkoxide-based Sol-Gel method. PZT(20/80)/PZT(80/20) heterolayered thin films were spin-coated on the Pt/Ti/SiO$_2$/Si substrate with PZT(20/80) film of tetragonal structure and PZT(80/20) film of rhombohedral structure by turns. Each layers were dried to remove the organic materials at 30$0^{\circ}C$ for 30min and sintered at $650^{\circ}C$ for 1hr. This procedure was repeated several times to form PZT(20/80)/PZT(80/20) heterolayered films and thickness of the film obtained by one-times of drying/sintering process was approximately 80-90nm. PZt-1, 3, 5 films with top layer of PZT(20/80) film of tetragonal structure showed fine grain structure and PZT-2, 4, 6 films with top layer of PZT(80/20) film of rhombohedral structure showed the dense grain microstructure without rosette-type. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the PZT-6 film were approximaterly 1385 and 3.3% respectively. Increasing the number of coatings remanent polarization was increased and coercive field was decreased and the values of the PZT-6 film were 8.13$\mu$C/cm$^2$and 12.5kV/cm respectively.

• 분석과학
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.448-451
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• 2007

A new bis(dicyclohexylammonium) chromate dihydrate complex, $[(C_6H_{11})_2NH_2]_2[CrO_4]{\cdot}2H_2O$, (I), has been synthesized and its structure analyzed by FT-IR, EDS, elemental analysis, ICP-AES, and single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The Cr(VI) complex (I) is tetragonal system, I${\bar{4}}$2d space group with a = 12.5196(1), b = 12.5196(1), c = $17.3796(3){\AA}$, a = ${\beta}$ = ${\gamma}$ = $90^{\circ}$, V = $2724.09(6){\AA}^3$, Z = 4. The crystal structure of complex (I) consists of tetrahedral chromate $[CrO_4]^{2-}$ anion, two organic dicyclohexylammonium $[(C_6H_{11})_2NH_2]^+$ cations and two lattice water molecules. The chromate anion and protonated dicyclohexylammonium cation is mainly constructed through the ionic bond. The cyclohexylammonium rings of the dicyclohexylammonium cation take the chair form and vertical configuration with each other. The N-H${\cdot}$O and O-H${\cdot}$O hydrogen bond networks between the $N_{dicyclohexylammonium}$, $O_{water}$ and $O_{chromate}$ atom lead to self-assembled molecular conformation and stabilize the crystal structure.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1993-1998
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• 2011

반도체 산업은 지속적으로 비약적인 발전을 이루어내면서 점점 고집적회로를 제작하기 위하여 패턴의 미세화가 이루어지게 되었다. 현재 미세 나노패턴의 형성을 위하여 여러층의 하드마스크가 사용되고 있으며, 화학증기증착(CVD)공정을 이용하여 형성한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 스핀공정(spin-on process)이 가능한 유-무기 하이브리드 중합체를 이용한 단일층의 하드마스크를 제작하였는데, 하드마스크 내의 무기계 성분이 감광층 보다 쉽게 식각되는 반면에 하드마스크의 유기계 성분으로 인해 substrate층 보다 덜 식각되었다. 유-무기 하이브리드 중합체를 이용한 하드마스크막의 광학 및 표면 특성을 조사하였고, 감광층과 하드마스크막의 식각비를 비교하여 유-무기소재의 하이브리드중합체에 대한 미세패턴을 형성시킬 수 있는 하드마스크막으로써의 유용성을 확인하였다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2019

The gas sensor is essential to monitoring dangerous gases in our environment. Metal oxide (MO) gas sensors are primarily utilized for flammable, toxic and organic gases and $O_3$ because of their high sensitivity, high response and high stability. Tungsten oxides ($WO_3$) have versatile applications, particularly for gas sensor applications because of the wide bandgap and stability of $WO_3$. Nanosize $WO_3$ are synthesized using the hydrothermal method. As-prepared $WO_3$ nanopowders are in the form of nanorods and nanorulers. The crystal structure is hexagonal tungsten bronze ($MxWO_3$, x =< 0.33), characterized as a tunnel structure that accommodates alkali ions and the phase stabilizer. A gas detection test reveals that $WO_3$ can detect acetone, butanol, ethanol, and gasoline. This is the first study to report this capability of $WO_3$.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.549-556
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• 1988

이미 합성된 N-benzylisonitrosoacetylacetone $imine^1$의 유기용매내에서의 구조변화를 측정하기 위하여 여러가지 유기용매에서의 핵자기공명스펙트럼 및 Carbon-13 핵자기공명 DEPT 스펙트럼 등의 분광학적인 자료를 이용하였다. 그 결과 이 시약은 monoxime의 일종으로 용매 중에서 syn- 형과 anti- 형의 기하이성질체가 공존하고 있으며 각각이 토우토메리 현상을 일으키고 있다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.66-69
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• 2002

Zinc chlorin 1 possessing tertiary 3$^1$_hydroxy and 13$^1$-oxo groups was synthesized as a model for the antenna chlorophylls of photosynthetic green bacteria. Self-aggregation of 1 in nonpolar organic solvents was examined and compared to 2 and 3 possessing a secondary and primary 3$^1$_hydroxy group, respectively. Zinc chlorin 1 self-aggregated in I％(v/v) CH$_2$Cl$_2$-hexane to form oligomers and showed a red-shifted Qy maximum at 704 nm compared to the monomer (648 nm in CH$_2$CI2$_2$). This red-shift is larger than that of 3$^1$S-2 (648 to 697 nm) and comparable to that of3$^1$R-2 (648 to 705 nm), but smaller than that of 1 (648 to 740 nm), indicating that while a single 3$^1$-methyl group (primary to secondary OH) suppressed tight and/or extended aggregation, the additional 3$^1$-methyl group (secondary to tertiary OH) did not further suppress aggregation. The relative stability of the aggregates was in the order 3> 3$^1$R-2∼ 1 > 3$^1$S-2 as determined by visible spectral analyses. Molecular modeling calculations on oligomers of zinc chlorins 1, 3$^1$ R-2 and 3 gave similar well-ordered energy-minimized structures, while 3 stacked more tightly than 3$^1$ R- 2 and 1. In contrast, 3$^1$S-2 gave a relatively disordered (twisted) structure. The calculated oligomeric structures could explain the visible spectral data of 1-3 in nonpolar organic solvents. Moreover, self- aggregation of synthetic zinc 13$^1$_oxo-hlorins 4-6 possessing a 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl and 3- hydroxy-I-propenyl group at the 3-position in nonpolar organic solvents was discussed.