• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.139-140
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• 2002

This paper discusses the effect of plating condition on the mechanical property of electroplated Cu film. Current density, the amount of the organic additives was found to affect the residual stress of electroplated copper film. The result show that, in the case of residual stress, the copper film deposited at higher additive result in lower residual stress and plating current by $15mA/cm^2$ induced a better result than any other ones.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.423-426
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• 2012

$Al_2O_3$/NiO powder was obtained through hydrolysis-condensation reactions and thermal treatments. An organic additive, triblock copolymer surfactant P123, was added to the starting materials to control the surface area and morphology. The synthesized powder was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and a Brunner-Emmett-Teller surface analysis (BET). The heterogeneous catalytic activity of this powder was applied to an epoxidation reaction of styrene and was monitored using a gas chromatograph with mass spectrophotometry (GC/MS).

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2009

It has been known that acid-resistant concretes on the liquid glass basis have high porosity (up to 18${\sim}$20%), low strength and insufficient water resistance. Therefore they can not be used as materials for load-bearing structural elements. Significant increasing of silicate matrix strength and density was carried out by incorporation of special liquid organic alkali-soluble silicate additives, which block of superficial pores and reduces concrete shrinkage deformation. It was demonstrated that introduction of tetrafurfuryloxisilane additive sharply increases strength, durability and shock resistance of silicate polymer concrete in aggressive media. This effect is attributable to hardening of contacts between silicate binder gel globes and modification of alkaline component owing to "inoculation" of the furan radical. The optimal concrete composition with the increased strength, chemical resistance in the aggressive environments, density and crack resistance was obtained.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

The trend of using more hardwood and recycled fibers, and closing more tightly of the paper mill white water system has resulted in build-up of fines as well as organic and inorganic contaminants in the white water. This changes in papermaking wet end requires developing chemical additive system that provides good fiber retention and drainage in closed white water system. In this study the effect of charge densities and chemical characteristics of microparticle systems consisted of cationic guar gums and anionic colloidal silica sols on drainage and retention have been examined. Results showed that higher charge density of cationic guar gum and anionic colloidal silica sol gave better retention and drainage. Particularly highly structured silica gave greater retention efficiency.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.392.1-392.1
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• 2014

Isoindigo based small molecules have attracted much attention in the field of optoelectronic devices due to their broad absorbance and high charge carrier mobilitiies. Herein, we investigate the field effect transistor characteristics of a series of isoindigo based donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) small molecules containing a variable number of thiophene moieties (named IDT, ID2T, and ID3T) which form pi-bridges between the D and A moieites and a different donor moiety (IDED). In order to improve the carrier mobility, 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) and 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) as solvent additives were used. The film morphology, crystallinity and optical properties of the materials processed with various concentrations of solvent additives were investigated through atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2002년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.655-657
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• 2002

The carbon nanotube emitters for field emission displays were fabricated by screen printing techniques. The pastes for screen printing are composed of organic binders, carbon nanotubes, and some additive materials. Then the pastes were printed on Cr-coated/Ag-printed soda-lime glass substrates. From the I-V characteristics, the turn-on field of SWNT was lower than that of MWNT. The decrease in the mesh size of screen masks resulted in decreasing the turn-on field and increasing the electron emission current. When the carbon nanotubes were mixed with glass frit, glass frit appeared to contribute to the vertically aligning of carbon nanotubes on glass.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (MAPTMS), a hybrid organic-inorganic monomer, was photografted onto PET fabric using benzophenone (BP) as a photoinitiator. It was found that a UV energy of 43.2J/$cm^2$ was required to optimally photograft the MAPTMS onto PET fabrics which was applied with an aqueous formulation of 10% MAPTMS, 20% BP and 0.5% N-Methyldiethanol amine (MDEA). The MDEA additive was efficient in reducing atmospheric oxygen inhibition of polymer radicals which eliminated compulsory nitrogen inerting. The surface grafting of PET fabrics was verified by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM). The grafted PET fabrics with the hybrid monomer showed higher thermal stability due to the introduced silane component in the monomer as ascertained by higher char content at 800$^{\circ}C$, which increased to 14.5% for the 15.8% grafting compared to 8.2% for the untreated.

• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2002년도 춘계 기술심포지움 논문집
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• pp.274-278
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to characterize the reaction of Cu surface with Cu slurry and CMP performance as a function of additives in CMP slurry. The polish rate of Cu was dependent on the kind of organic acids added in slurry. It was considered that polish rate of Cu was dependent on the concentration of carboxylates and mean particle size. When the etchant and oxidant were added in slurry, the highest removal rate and lower etch rate were measured at neutral pH. The addition of etchant, oxidant and pH adjustor played key roles of CMP ability in slurry. As the pH increased, polish rate of Cu was increased by the enhanced the mechanical effects due to effective dispersion of slurry particles. Alumina abrasives was more desirable for 1st step slurry because of high removal rate of Cu and high selectivity ratio among TaN and Cu.

• 한국결정성장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정성장학회 1996년도 제11차 KACG 학술발표회 Crystalline Particle Symposium (CPS)
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• pp.129-153
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• 1996

In aqueous slurry processing of silicon nitride, the interaction of dispersant and binder on the surface of particles was studied to identify the effect of these additives on ceramic powder processing. Polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used as dispersant and binder, respectively. the adsorption isotherms of PMAA and PVA for the silicon nitride suspension were determined, while the adsorption of PMAA was differentiated in the mixed additive system by ultraviolet spectroscopy. These experiments were done in order to investigate the effect of these organic additives on the physicochemical properties of silicon nitride suspensions. The electrokinetic behavior of silicon nitride was subsequently measured by electrokinetic sonic amplitude (ESA). As PMAA adsorbed onto silicon nitride, the isoelectric point (pHicp) shifted from pH=6.7 to acidic pH, depending on the surface coverage of PMAA. However, adsorption of PVA did not change the pHicp of suspensions, but did decrease the surface potential of silicon nitride moderately. The rheological behavior of silicon nitride suspensions was measured to assess the stability of particles in aqueous media, and was correlated with the electrokinetic behavior and adsorption isotherm data for silicon nitride.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.195-200
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• 1994

To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed a composite that consists consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen according to the natural bone's main composition. The crystallinity of the synthesized apatite was shown to depend on the synthesis temperature. Carbonate apatite synthesized at $58{\circ}C$ demonstrated crystallinity very similar to that of the natural bone. By sintering the apatite over $700{\circ}C$ in vacuum, porous carbonate apatite could be obtained, and the pore extent was controllable according to the additive hydrogenperoxide volume.