• 식물병연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2023

The apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) is one of the most harmful latent viruses infecting pear orchards worldwide. To examine the genetic diversity of ASGV in Korean pear orchards, the complete coat protein (CP) gene of five ASGV isolates collected from various regions were identified. The five Korean ASGV isolates showed 88-96% nucleotide identity with the 11 isolates worldwide occurring elsewhere in the world. Phylogenetic analysis of five isolates, as well as the previously sequenced isolates, indicated that the ASGV clusters had no correlation with the host or geographical regions of origin. Recombination analysis showed that one of the five Korean isolates is a recombinant, with a recombination site in the CP gene region (nt 532-708). This study is the first report of natural recombination within the CP gene of ASGV isolates from pears grown in Korea.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.471-490
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• 2023

Soil is a rich source of saprobic and pathogenic fungi in crop cultivation areas. Compared with that of the fruit trees, scarce information is available regarding the fungi present in orchard soils in Korea. We sampled rhizosphere soils of apple and pear trees from several orchards in Cheongju, Anseong, and Cheonan, Korea. During the processing of soil fungi, seven unrecorded species of the phylum Ascomycota were isolated. These included Acrocalymma walkeri, Clonostachys krabiensis, Coniella vitis, Cosmospora diminuta, Lasiobolidium spirale, Penicillium vallebormidaense, and Pseudothielavia arxii. All the species were identified and described based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene and partial β-tubulin gene (BenA) sequences. Descriptions and illustrations of the morphological characteristics are provided.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.129-130
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• 2011

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2008

복숭아순나방(Grapholita molesta) 성페로몬 트랩에 미동정 나방이 포획되었다. 이들은 주로 봄에 채집되었으며 형태적으로 복숭아순나방과 유사하나 비교적 몸 크기가 커서 육안으로 쉽게 구별할 수 있다. 이들의 발생 패턴도 4-5월의 복숭아순나방 월동세대 발생과 유사하였다. 이 기간 동안 이들은 사과원 내부 보다는 주로 과수원에서 떨어진 곳에 설치된 페로몬 트랩에 집중적으로 포획되었다. 5월 이후 이들 미동정 나방은 복숭아순나방 페로몬 트랩에 더 이상 포획되지 않았다. 이 미동정 나방과 기존의 복숭아순나방과의 계통 분류학적 판별을 위해 분자마커가 개발되었다. 미토콘드리아 cytochrome b 영역을 기반으로 선발된 4종의 PCR-RFLP 분자지표는 이 미동정 나방과 복숭아순나방을 구분할 수 있었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권5호
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• pp.555-558
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• 2008

Trapping efficiency of various sex pheromone blends of the peach pyralid moth, Dichocrocis punctiferalis was compared by field study to develop monitoring system with its sex pheromone at chestnut orchards in Korea. Five candidates of the sex pheromone blends used for the field trapping of D. punctiferalis males were 70:30, 75:25, 80:20, 85:15 and 90:10 mixture of (E)-10-hexadecenyl aldehyde (E10-16:Al) and (Z)-10-hexadecenyl aldehyde (Z10-16:Al). All lures were treated with 1 or 2 mg of each blends. During 2 years of field survey, the 75:25 blend was usually the most effective in attracting males among 5 blends tested. For the 2nd generation, the best capturing activity for D. punctiferalis male was observed by lure with 75:25 blend. Both 90:10 and 75:25 blends showed highest efficiency for the 3rd generation. In most cases. lures treated with 1 mg of blend caught more male moths than these treated with 2 mg of blend.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.245-257
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• 2018

The efficacy of different control techniques against the large black chafer, Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in organic pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) orchards was evaluated. In this study, field trials were conducted in three locations in Korea-Naju, Hampyeong, and Boseong-to evaluate different techniques to suppress these beetles. Pheromone traps, bio-insecticides (Hongmengye and Melchungdaejang), and a combination of the two were applied as treatments. In Naju, Hampyeong, and Boseong, the highest number of adult H. parallela were caught in the control plots (n=45, n=39, and n=20, respectively), while the fewest were caught in the pheromone plus bio-insecticide plot (n=19) in Naju and in the combined treatment plot in Hampyeong (n=10). In Naju, the greatest leaf damage was observed in the control (66%), and in all locations (Naju, Boseong, and Hampyeong), the least damage occurred in the combined treatment plots (42%, 36%, and 24%, respectively). Regarding the tree canopy, the greatest leaf damage was observed in the upper canopy, and less damage was observed in the lower canopy. These results demonstrate that the combination of sex pheromone traps and bio-insecticides can be used to manage H. parallela in organic pear orchards.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

Various kinds of leaf spots and blights were found in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) orchards on 2006 in Korea. Disease incidences were quite variable between open-field and rain-proof shelter. Rate of diseased leaves was recorded as about 70% at open-field orchards in late season but use of rain-proof vinyl shelters alleviated the disease incidences by 20%. Angular leaf spots appeared at early infection stage on June and several other symptoms were also recognized as the disease developed afterward. On September, brown leaf blights were the most frequent, followed by grayish brown ring spots, silvering gray leaf blights, zonate leaf blights, dark brown ring spots and angular leaf spots at open-field orchards. Four fungal species were frequently isolated from the disease symptoms. Phomopsis sp. was the most predominant fungus associated with the leaf spot and blight symptoms on kiwifruit, followed by Glomerella cingulata, Alternaria alternata and Pestalo-tiopsis sp. Phomopsis sp. was commonly isolated from angular leaf spots, silvering gray leaf blights, and zonate brown leaf blights. G. cingulata, A. alternata and Pestalotiopsis sp. were isolated from grayish brown ring spots (anthracnose), brown ring spots and zonate dark brown leaf blights. Typical symptoms appeared on the wounded and unwounded leaves, which were inoculated by each of Phomopsis sp., G. cingulata, and Pestalotiopsis sp., but A. alternata caused symptoms only on the wounded leaves.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.178-183
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• 1980

1979년 제주도에서 생산된 감귤을 제주시와 서귀포의 시장을 중심으로 50점을 채취하고 또 감귤원의 개원년수에 따라 5년, 10년, 15년, 20년, 그리고 30년된 포장에서는 각각 10점씩의 감귤을 채취하여 농약잔류수준을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 유기인계살충제로는 EPN이, 또 유기염소계 살충제로는 Kelthane이 가장 많이 검출되었다. 2. 시장조사의 경우에 EPN은 $0.009{\sim}0.025\;ppm$ 수준에서 총 시료중 26%가 검출되 었고, Kelthane은 trace-0.007 ppm 사이에서 모든 시료로부터 검출되었다. 3. 포장시료인 경우에는 시장시료와 비슷한 잔류수준을 나타냈으며, 특히 Kelthane잔류량은 15년 이상의 과원에서 10년이하의 과원보다 다소 높았다. 4. 이들 조사된 감귤중의 농약잔류수준은 외국의 농약잔류허용량에 비하여 아주 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.266-271
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• 2010

6종류의 살충제(유기인계인 monocrotophos, 항생물질계인 milbemectin, 피라졸계인 tebufenpyrad, 아유산에스텔계인 propargite, 유기염소계인 dicofol, 피레스계인 fenpropathrin)를 선발하여 사과원의 점박이응애에 대한 반수치사농도 조사하였다. 점박이응애는 충주, 군위, 소보 지역 과수원에서 채집하였다. Monocrotophos과 fenpropathrin은 저항성 발달로 인하여 효과가 없었으며, milbemectin, tebufenpyrad, dicofol, propargite는 점박이응애에 대해 효과를 보이고 있었다. 과수원 간 약제저항성 분포패턴은 같은 경향을 보이나 각 과수원 계통의 점박이응애는 서로 다른 군집에 속하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.231-236
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• 1997

경북지역 동계 사과원의 절지동물상을 조사한 결과 사과나무 유인밴드 내에서는 3강 19목 58과가 채집, 분류.동정되었고, 그중 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae Koch) 53%, 사과면충(Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann) 16.7%, 은기문목(날개응애류) 13.3%, 톡토기목(Collembola) 9.3%순으로 나타나 초식자가 가장 많았고, 다음이 부식자였으며 천적은 드물게 조사되었다. 사과나무 낙엽에서는 2강 12목 17과가 조사되었는데, 그중 점박이응애가 63.1%로 우점이었고, 톡토기목이 13.7%였으며, 기타 절지동물은 몇 개체씩만 조사되었다. 사과나무 아래 토양에서는 2강 9목 18과가 조사되었는데, 톡토기목이 37.9%, 날개응애류가 34.4%, 점박이응애가 16.1% 순으로 나타나 부식자가 가장 많았으며, 다음이 초식자였고 천적류는 몇 개체씩만이 조사되었다.