• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.401-420
• /
• 2001

A novel glucanhydrolase from a mutant of Lipomyces starkeyi(KSM 22)has been shown effective in hydrolysis of mutan, reduction of mutan formation by Streptococcus mutans and removal pre-formed sucrose-dependent adherent microbial film and Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase has been strongly bound to hydroxyapatitie. These in vitro properties of Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase are desirable for its application as a dental plaque control agent. This study was performed to determine oral hygiene benefits and safety of dextranase(Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase)-containing mouthwash in human experimental gingivitis. This 3-week clinical trial was placebo-controlled double-blind design evaluating 1U/ml dextranase mouthwash and 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash. A total 39 systemically healthy subjects, who had moderate levels of plaque and gingivitis were included. At baseline, 1, 2 and 3 weeks, subjects were scored for plaque(Silness and $L{\ddot{o}e$ plaque index and plaque severity index), gingivitis($L{\ddot{o}e$ and Silness gingival index), and at baseline and 3 weeks of experiment, subjects were scored for plaque(Turesky-Quingley-Hein's plaque index and plaque severity index), tooth stain(Area and severity index system by Lang et al). Additionally, oral mucosal examinations were performed and subjects questioned for adverse symptoms. Two weeks after pre-experiment examinations and a professional prophylaxis, the subjects provided with allocated mousewash and instructed to use 20-ml volumes for 30s twice dailywithout toothbrushing. All the groups showed significant increase in plaque accumulation since 1 week of experiment. During 3 weeks' period, the dextranase group showed the least increase in plaque accumulation of Silness and $L{\ddot{o}e$ plaque index, compared to the chlorhexidine and placebo groups, but chlorhexidine group showed the least increase inplaque accumulation of Turesky-Quingley-Hein's plaque index. As for gingival inflammation, all the groups showed significant increase during 3 weeks of experiment. The dextranase group also showed the least increase in gingival index score, compared to the chlorhexidine as well as the placebo groups. Whereas the tooth stain was increased significantly in the chlorhexidine group, compared to the baseline score and the placebo group since 3 weeks of mouthrinsing. It was significantly increased after 3 weeks in the dextranase group, still less severe than the chlorhexidine group. As for the oral side effect, the dextranase group showed less tongue accumulation, bad taste, compared to the chlorhexidine group. From these results, mouthrinsing with Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase was comparable to 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashin inhibition of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation and local side effects were if anything less frequent and less intense than chlorhexidine, in human experimental gingivitis. All data had provided positive evidence for Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase as an antiplaque agent and suggested that further development of dextranase formulations for plaque control are warranted.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.555-563
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of oral health education for the elderly using $Qscan^{TM}$. Methods: This study was a quasi-experiment design of nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design carried out by oral health education from January 17 to March 7, 2015. The subjects were 64 elderly people over 65 years old who had more than one remaining teeth in the anterior teeth and canines living in Hongseong-gun and assigned to 33 control group and 31 intervention group. The intervention group was measured only by $Qscan^{TM}$. The educational effect between two groups were evaluated using oral health behavior, gingivitis index, and plaque index. After Institutional Review Board from Namseoul N University, the elderly people participated in the study. Results: The intervention group showed lower plaque index of percent reduction than the control group. The two groups showed a significant difference in gingival index after the oral health education(p<0.05), but did not show a significant difference in oral health behavior after the oral health education(p<0.05). Conclusions: The effect of oral health education through the motivation of $Qscan^{TM}$ was very effective in the comparison of oral health behavior, gingival index and plaque index.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.22-33
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the modified plaque score (MPS) for assessing the oral hygiene status of periodontitis patients. Methods: A total of 116 patients were included in this study. After evaluation of the $L{\ddot{o}}e$ and Silness gingival index (GI), Silness and $L{\ddot{o}}e$ plaque index (PlI), O'Leary plaque control record (PCR), and MPS, patients were randomly assigned to either a conventional tooth brushing instruction (C-TBI) group (n=56) or a professional intraoral tooth brushing instruction (P-TBI) group (n=60). The MPS and clinical parameters were re-evaluated after scaling and a series of root planing. The convergent validity of MPS with the PlI and PCR was assessed. The measurement time for MPS and PCR was compared according to the proficiency of the examiner. Results: After root planing, the GI, PlI, PCR, and MPS improved from their respective baseline values in both groups. Three different plaque indices including the MPS, showed significant differences between the C-TBI group and the P-TBI group after root planing. The MPS showed significant concurrence with the PCR and PlI. The mean time for PCR measurement was $2.76{\pm}0.71$ times longer than that for MPS measurement after 2 weeks of training. Conclusions: MPS seems to be a practical plaque scoring system compared with the PlI and PCR. These findings suggest that repetitive plaque control combined with an easily applicable plaque index (MPS) may facilitate more effective oral hygiene education and improved periodontal health.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.497-506
• /
• 2009

흡연 청소년의 흡연형태 요인과 구강질환과의 관련성을 조사하여 10대 청소년들의 구강건강을 효율적으로 관리하는데 도움이 될 기초자료를 제공하고자 2009년 6월 1일부터 8월 31일까지 서울지역 소재하고 있는 S병원 건강교육원 5일 금연학교 프로그램에 참석한 일부 중 고등학교 학생 흡연자 156명(남자: 103명, 여자: 50명)과 흡연군과 성별, 연령을 고려하여 짝짓기 방식으로 선정한 비흡연군 176명(남자: 64, 여자: 112명)을 분석대상으로 하였다. 설문지를 이용하여 인구 사회학적 특성, 기초구강건강관리, 흡연형태요인, 자기효능감, 구강건강통제위, 구강건강지식, 구강건강증진행위에 관한 지료를 수집하였다. 구강검사를 실시하여 DMFT index, DT index, MT index, FT index, Plaque index, Calculus index를 사용하여 치아 및 구강위생상태를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 치과방문(p < 0.05), 구강건강 자각적도(p < 0.001), 구강건강관심도(p < 0.01)는 모두 흡연군보다 비흡연군에서 높게 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2. 자기 효능감(p < 0.05), 구강건강통제위, 구강건강증진행위(p < 0.001), 구강건강지식 모두 비흡연군에서 높게 나타났다. 3. 우식치수(p < 0.001), 치태지수(p < 0.001), 치석지수(p < 0.001)는 비흡연군보다 흡연군에서 높게 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 4. 흡연량이 적을수록 우식치수 (p < 0.05), 치태지수(p < 0.01), 치석지수(p < 0.001)가 낮게 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 5. 우식치수와 자기효능감, 구강건강통제위, 구강건강증진행위와는 유의한 상관성이 있었다.(p < 0.01). 6. 흡연량과 치태지수(p < 0.05), 치석지수(p < 0.05)와 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 7. 다변량 분석결과 흡연 청소년의 우식치수와 유의한 관련성이 있는 요인은 구강건강증진행위(p < 0.05), 치태지수(p < 0.01)이었다. 즉 구강건강증진행위가 높을수록, 치태지수가 낮을수록 우식치수가 적었다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2012

좋은 구강 위생 환경을 유지하기 위하여 치태 조절은 필수적이며, 가장 보편적이고 효과적인 방법은 올바른 칫솔질이다. 그러나 아동들은 올바른 칫솔질을 시행하기 어려워 칫솔질 교육의 중요성도 높아지고 있어, 경희대학교 치과대학 소아치과에 내원한 아동 40명을 대상으로 칫솔질 교육의 치태 조절의 효과를 조사하였다. 설문조사를 통해 기본 정보를 조사하고 치면 세균막 지수와 치아 및 혀 세정도, 구취 관리도를 측정하는 조사를 총 4회에 걸쳐 시행하여 칫솔질 교육 전과 후의 차이를 비교하였다. 치면 세균막 지수는 감소하였고(p<0.01), 치아 및 혀 세정도는 증가하였다(p<0.01). 구취관리도는 상관성을 보이지 않았다(p>0.01). 이러한 결과 칫솔질 교육은 구강 내 치면 세균막 제거에 뛰어난 효과를 보여, 아동들의 좋은 구강 위생 환경의 확립에 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.211-213
• /
• 1990

To test flavonoids for antibacterial activity against oral micraorganisms, flavonoids, quercetrin and naringenin, were incorporated into two pharmaceutical preparations in the form of tooth paste. Samplees of dental plaque, the msot accused dental deposit which initiates the gingival and periodental diseases, were collected from the teeth surface of ten dental students at one week interval before and after using placebo, followed by two formulae of tooth paste containing 0.1% of quercetrin and naringenin (formulas I and II, respectively). The amount of dental plaque was assessed by the quigley and Hens index. Then plaque samples were subjected to bacteriological examination of Gram stain and plate counts of microorganisms. The amount of dental plaque was assessed by the Quigley and Hens index. Then plaque samples were subjected to bacteriological examination of Gram stain and plate counts of microorganisms. The results revealed that most of Gram negative cocci and bacilli were highly affected by the two formulae : the number of actinomycetes were decreased after using formula I and disappeared completely by the sue of formula II, while the number of Gram positive streptococci was highly decreased after the treatment with the two formulae. These results indicate a possible use of flavonoids to inhibit dental plaque formation.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2015

구강건강관리행위의 실태를 파악하고, 치면세균막 검사법에 따른 치면세균막지수의 차이와 이 둘의 상관성을 조사하기 위해 2013년 10월부터 2014년 10월까지 경기도와 충청남도에 소재한 3개 대학의 치위생과 학생을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문지 작성과 치면세균막지수를 각각 측정하여 진행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1년 이내에 구강검진을 받았다고 응답한 대상자는 62.8%, 예방치과처치를 한 번이라도 받아봤다고 응답한 대상자는 84.1%로 조사되었다. 불소가 포함된 세치제를 사용하고 있다고 응답한 대상자는 80.5%였으며, 칫솔질은 하루에 3회 한다고 응답한 대상자가 68.9%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 칫솔질 방법은 회전법이, 칫솔질 시간은 3분이 각각 90.9%, 50.0%로 조사되었다. 치면세균막 검사법 중 O'leary index로 조사한 결과 평균 27.88로 조사되었으며, PHP index는 평균 1.30, PHP-M index는 평균 12.12로 조사되었다. 구강건강관리행위에 따른 치면세균막지수는 칫솔질 시간이 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 조사되었다. 칫솔질 시간이 2분 이하일 경우 O'leary index 31.37, PHP index 1.61, PHP-M index 14.61로 조사되었으며, 4분 이상일 경우 O'leary index 23.32, PHP index 1.07, PHP-M index 9.59로 조사되어 칫솔질 시간이 늘어날수록 치면세균막지수는 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 치면세균막지수에 가장 영향을 미치는 요인은 "구강건강을 위한 칫솔질 여부" (B=-9.747, t=-3.752, p<0.001)로 나타났으며, 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 설명력은 O'leary index 13.3%, PHP index (B=-0.375, t=-3.016, p=0.003)와 PHP-M index (B=-4.541, t=-3.708, p<0.001)는 각각 12.3%, 17.5%로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과를 정리해보면, 치면세균막지수에 영향을 미치는 구강건강관리행위는 칫솔질 시간과 구강건강을 위한 칫솔질 여부로 조사되었다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.17-20
• /
• 1980

The purpose of this investigation was to make a comprehensive study and evaluation of the oral hygiene status by considering dental plaque index in 60 children age 7-9. The obtained results were as follows 1) Average plaque index of total mandibular teeth was higher than that of maxillary teeth. (Mandible; 2.14, Maxilla; 1.98) 2) In average plaque index per tooth surface, plaque index of facial surface was higher than that of lingual surface in maxilla and lower in mandible. 3) In mixed dentition, dental plaque occur most frequently and in greater quantity on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary permanent 1st molars and the lingual surfaces of the mandibular anterior permanent incisors.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.305-308
• /
• 1977

Dental plaque has been considered as one of the major causes of inflammation. Therefore, removal of dental plaque by tooth brushing is the most important to prevent gingival and periodontal diseases and to maintain postoperative gingival health. The author executed clinical examination on 100 outpatients who were admitted to infirmary of dental college, S.N.U. The patients were examined on their tooth brushing method, frequency, habit and admitted experience to dental clinic. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The patient group who brushed with the method of Stillman, showed the lowest plaque index. 2. The examined group who brushed more frequently per a day, showed the tendency of reduced plaque index. 3. Plaque index was lowest in the group who brushed after meals and before bed. 4. The patient group who visited more frequently to dental clinic, showed the lower tendency of plague index. 5. Among the total examined group, those who recognized the importance of oral hygiene were less than 10%.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.263-275
• /
• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed analysis of Halitosis components following by subjective cognition of halitosis and Oral State in order to provide basic data for halitosis prevention and establish a device to efficiently eliminate halitosis and analyze the factors that affect the halitosis. Methods : 80 adults were participated who visited at the Dental Clinic in Kyoung-gi do, on the period of the March to September in 2010. The obtained results, through the oral examination, halitosis check and interview, Individually, were as followings. Results : According to the ammonia level was a high relationship between sex, CPI, Tongue plaque, DMFT index which were statistically significant (p<0.05). Total oral gas level was a relationship between VAS, tongue plaque, DMFT index(p<0.05). The Correlation coefficient between the Hydrogen sulfide level and Methyl mercaptan was estimated as r=0.534(p<0.01). As for the multiple regression analysis result, there have been selected dimethyl sulfide and Tongue plaque, Gingival index as factors affecting Bridge, Methyl mercaptan level is as factors affecting Hydrogen sulfide level. Conclusions : There was relationship between the periodontal disease and Ammonia gas component, hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, methyl mercaptan. Which were statistically significant total oral gas level and oral variables. Such dental caries as the prevention or early treatment of periodontal disease.