• Title/Summary/Keyword: Oral gargling

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Effect of Cold Oral Gargling on the Oral Discomfort among Patients Receiving Chemotherapy (찬 구강함수액이 항암 화학요법 환자의 구강불편감에 미치는 영향)

  • Chun, Soon-Mi;Lee, Hae-Jung;Kim, Myung-Soo
    • Asian Oncology Nursing
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.68-78
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cold oral gargling on oral discomfort among Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patient undergoing chemotherapy. Method: An quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group design was used. Thirty two patients receiving chemotherapy at G hospital in P city were recruited from August 1, 2002 to October 20, 2002. Sixteen were conveniently allocated into the experimental group and 16 into the control group. Participants in the experimental group used cold oral gargling while their counterparts used room temperature oral gargling. Subjective and objective oral discomforts were measured by the instruments developed by Beck. The SPSS WIN 10.0 program was used to analyze the data with t-test, ${\chi}^2$ -test, and repeated measures ANOVA. Findings: The participants in the experimental group reported less oral discomfort and showed better oral conditions than those in the control group at the post 7th, 14th, and 21st days. Participants in the experimental group reported better oral conditions in taste, tongue, eating, and saliva than those in the control group. Conclusion: The cold oral gargling seemed to be more beneficial than room-temperature oral gargling in reducing oral discomfort for the Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy.

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Non-randomized, one way cross-over, open label preliminary clinical trial for silk protein based oral gargling

  • Kang, Yei-Jin;Ahn, Se-Hui;Kim, Yong-Wan;Jo, You-Young;Kweon, HaeYong;Kim, Seong-Gon
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.14-17
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    • 2019
  • Oral gargling solution has been used for the control of halitosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the level of hydrogen sulphide concentration between silk oral gargling solution and commercially available oral gargling solution. Total 21 volunteers were included in this study. The relative level of hydrogen sulphide concentration was calculated to the baseline level. In terms of the primary endpoint of the trial, relative level of hydrogen sulphide concentration was $50.84{\pm}33.19%$ with silk group, versus $71.07{\pm}21.83%$ with Listerine group ($P_{non-inferiority}=0.003$). In conclusion, the results of oral gargling with a silk protein for healthy individual were non-inferior to oral gargling with Listerine for hydrogen sulphide concentration reduction.

Effects of Essential Oil Gargling and Purified Water Gargling on Thirst, Oral Condition and Halitosis of Postoperative Patients (에센셜오일 가글링과 정수 가글링이 수술 후 환자의 갈증, 구강상태 및 구취에 미치는 효과)

  • Jeon, Bo Ra;Chun, Chung Sook;Lee, Ji Yeon;Park, Kyoung Won
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.200-210
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to effect oral care methods between essential oil gargling and purified water gargling for postoperative patients who had general surgery or orthopedic surgery. Methods: The postoperative patients were assigned to one of two groups. One group gargled with essential oil and the other with purified water. All group gargled three times interval 2 hours. Each patients thirst, oral condition and halitosis were assessed four times. Results: After oral care was provided once, there were significant differences in thirst level between two groups. when oral care was provided once and three times, there were significant differences in oral condition between two groups. but there were no significant differences in halitosis between two groups. Conclusion: The results show that essential oil gargling is a more effective intervention than purified water gargling for post operative patients oral care in reducing the thirst level and improving the condition of the oral cavity.

Effects of Oral Gargling with Aroma Solution in Psychiatric Inpatients: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial (입원 정신질환자의 아로마용액 구강함수 효과: 비무작위 대조군 설계)

  • Jung, Yun Ah;Kim, Hee Sook
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.50 no.2
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    • pp.200-209
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of oral gargling with an aromatic solution on xerostomia, objective oral status, and oral health-related quality of life in psychiatric inpatients. Methods: A nonequivalent control group with a non-synchronized design was used in this study. The experimental group (n=34) received oral gargling with an aroma solution, while the control group (n=33) gargled with 0.9% normal saline. Dependent variables were measured at pre-, post-, and follow-up test. Data were analyzed using an χ2-test, Fisher's exact probability test, t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN v.21.0. Results: After the intervention, significant differences were revealed in xerostomia (F=15.30, p<.001), objective oral status (F=38.44, p<.001), and oral health-related quality of life (F=62.70, p<.001) with an interaction effect between group and time. Conclusion: These findings indicate that gargling with an aroma solution is more effective than 0.9% normal saline for the oral health of psychiatric inpatients. Therefore gargling with an aroma can be safely recommended as a brief, economical, and positive intervention in clinical settings.

Efficacy of three oral gargling protocols for Prevention of oral mucositis in acute leukemia during chemotherapy (항암화학요법 중 가글링 유형에 따른 급성백혈병 환자의 구강감염 예방효과에 관한 연구)

  • Jun Myung-Hee;Kim Yeon-Hee;Choi Jin-Sun;Chae Soo-Won
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.193-206
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    • 1997
  • Because the oral mucositis is often inevitable in acute leukemia patients during chemotherapy, the efforts must be made to keep these leukemia patients from oral mucositis. So we tried to develop two oral care protocols for reducing the level of oral mucositis during cytotoxic therapy through literature review and our clinical experience. This quasi-experimental study was performed to compare the prohpylatic value of these oral care protocols. Thirty-nine subjects were assigned to one of three groups. The first group performed bivon-normal saline gargling protocol, the second group performed chlorhexidine gargling protocol, and the last contrast group kept traditonal gargling protocol. The Oral Assessment Guide(OAG), the Beck's perception of oral comfort were used to assess oral status and subject's oral discomfort during chemotherapy. Each subjects were observed daily from the start of the chemotherapy until Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) reached $1,000/mm^3$. It continued about 2-4 weeks. The data was analyzed by ANCOVA and Kruskal-Wallis one way ANOVA, chi-sqare, survival analysis. The results were as follows : The contrast group showed significantly highest mean score of the OAG and Beck's perception of oral discomfort among three groups from second week to third week. However chie-test and survial analysis showed that the incidence of severe mucositis were not significantly different among three groups. Conclusively we recommend that nurses who care acute leukmia patients use bivon-normal saline gargling protocol be careful to occur severe mucositis during chemotherapy.

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The Effects of Teatree Oil Gargling on Oral Cavity Micro-Organism Growth and Perceived Discomfort of Patient Receiving Chemotherapy (티트리 오일을 이용한 구강함수가 화학요법을 받는 암 환자의 구강상태와 불편감 및 구강세균집락에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Nam Cho;Kim, Hee Jung
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.276-286
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    • 2005
  • Purpose: The study is to investigate the effects of tea tree oil gargling on oral cavity micro-organism growth and on the perceived discomfort of patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used to determine the effects of tea tree oil gargling on oral cavity for 20 second after using it for one week, twice a day. The sample consisted of two groups of patients receiving chemotherapy : 19 patients in experimental and 20 patients in control group. The instruments used in the study were Oral Assessment Guide(OAG), a measure of perceived symptoms on oral cavity, and a test of oral mucosal micro-organism culture. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, repeated measure of ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in micro-organism culture test of oral mucosa. The experimental group showed a lower number and fewer kinds of micro-organisms than the control group. Conclusion: It is considered that use of tea tree oil is effective in infection control of the oral cavity.

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The Effects of Some Halitosis Removal Methods on the Reduction of Intraoral Volatile Methyl Mercaptan Concentrations (수종 구취제거법이 구강내 휘발성 메틸머캅탄 감소에 미치는 영향)

  • An-Hee Lee;Woo-Cheon Kee
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.97-105
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    • 1993
  • In order to evaluate the effectiveness of tooth brushing, mouth gargling and gum chewing in reducing halitosis, 84 individuals ranging in age from 22 59 28 years old were examined. These individuals had no gross oral abnormalities, other than mild gingival inflammation, dental caries, nasopharyngeal disorder, or systemic diseases that were associated with halitosis. They were divided into a tooth brushing group, a mouth garging group, a gum chewing group and a control group that did not use any halitosis removing method. Each of the groups included 21 persons, B.B. Checker (Tokuyama Soda Col, LTDl, Japan) was used to measure the concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan of each group. The concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan were measured before and after lunch, and after removing halitosis by toothe brushing, mouth gargling and gum chewing. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The average concentration of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan before lunch was 1.79ppm and after lunch it was 2.02ppm, an increase of 12.9%. 2. In the tooth brushing group the average concentration of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan was 0.61ppm, in the mouth gargling group it was 1.15ppm, in the gum chewing group it was 1.64ppm and in the control group it was 1.92ppm. It decreased 69.5% in the tooth brushing group, 43.8% in the mouth gargling group, 18.4% in the gum chewing group and 5.4% in the control grop (p<0.05). 3. There were significant differences between the tooth brushing and control group, tooth brushing and gum chewing group and between mouth gargling and control group in concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan after using the halitosis removing methods (p<0.05). According to the above results, tooth brushig and mouth gargling are effective ways to reduce halitosis.

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Comparisons of the Effects of A-solution and 0.9% Normal Saline Oral Gargling on Xerostomia, Halitosis, and Salivary pH in Nursing Students (아로마용액과 0.9% N/S 구강함수가 간호대학생의 구강건조, 구취 및 타액 pH에 미치는 효과 비교)

  • Cho, Mi-Kyoung;Cho, Yoon Hee
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.141-149
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of gargling with A-Solution and 0.9% normal saline on xerostomia, halitosis, and salivary pH among nursing students. Methods: The study design was a randomized, controlled trial. The experimental group received oral gargling treatment for 15 seconds with A-solution while the control group received oral gargling treatment for the same time with 0.9% normal saline. Outcome variables were measured at baseline, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes. Results: The groups were homogeneous in general characteristics, and the outcome variables before the treatment between the experimental group and the control group. 1) There were no significant differences in xerostomia, halitosis, and salivary pH between the two groups. 2) There were no significant differences in xerostomia, halitosis, and salivary pH based on the time. 3) There were significant interactions between group and time in subjective halitosis (F=3.766, p=.034) only. Conclusion: These findings indicate that oral gargling with Aroma solution and 0.9% normal saline could have the same effect of reducing xerostomia and halitosis in nursing students.

Effect of Chlorhexidine on Causative Microorganisms of Infective Endocarditis in Oral Cavity (Chlorhexidine이 구강내 감염성 심내막염 유발 균주에 미치는 영향)

  • Sung-Woo Lee;Sung-Chang Chung;Young-Ku Kim
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.123-131
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    • 1996
  • Bacteremia occurs in a wide variety of clinical procedures in oral cavity. Reduction of the number of causative microorganisms of infective endocarditis in oral cavity by local administration of antimicrobial agents decreases the magnitude of bacteremia and possibility of infective endocarditis. The effects of chlorhexidine on Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermis were investigated by measurement of turbidity. The effects of 0.1% chlorhexidine gargling for 7 days on oral bacterial flora, total streptococci, S. mutans, S. aureus, and S. epidermis in whole saliv a of 7 healthy human subjects, were investigated by measurement of Colony Forming Units (CFU). The obtained results were as follows : 1. Chlorhexidine showed significant antimicrobial effects on Streptococcus snaguis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermis. However, the effects on S. sanguis and S. gordonii were not apparent compared with other microorganisms. 2. Oral gargling of 0.1% chlorhexidine decreased the CFU values of normal oral bacterial flora, total streptococci, S. mutans, S. aureus, and S. epidermis in whole saliva. The antimicrobial effects were significant after 4 days of chlorhexidine gargling. 3. Local antimicrobial administration in addition to systemic antibiotic prophylaxis can be highly recommended as an effective adjunct regimen for prevention of infective endocarditis.

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The Effects of S-solution and A-solution on Oral Health in Preschool Children (S-solution과 A-solution을 이용한 구강함수가 미취학 아동의 구강건강에 미치는 효과)

  • Son, Hee Jung;Hong, Hae Sook
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.150-158
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gargling with S-solution and gargling with A-solution on salivary pH, coated tongue, and dental plaque index in preschool children. Methods: Non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used to select the participants. 99 preschool children were divided into three groups. Dependent variables were recorded at baseline, 30 minutes, and 7 days after the first treatment was given. The data were analyzed using $X^2$-test, ANOVA, and repeated measures of ANOVA. Results: There were no significant differences in dependent variables in pre-test. However, the salivary pH in the S-solution group had significantly increased after 30 minutes (p<.05) and then again 7 days (p<.01) after the first treatment. Also, the S-solution and A-solution groups had greater decrease in dental plaque index after 30 minutes and again 7 days after the first treatment (p<.001) than the control group. With respect to coated tongue, there were no significant differences among the three groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that essential oil gargling after brushing is helpful in improving oral health due to auxiliary oral hygiene effects with natural products. Specifically, gargling with S-solution is more effective than A-solution on oral health in preschool children by neutralizing salivary pH and reducing dental plaque index.