• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.937-947
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the factors that prevent dental patients from visiting the dental clinic. Methods: From June 22, 2020 to July 17, 2020, among patients 10 years or older who had visited the dental clinic, 314 individuals who agreed to the study were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 22.0 program, and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The dental avoidance factors according to the general characteristics were high in women and housewives, and among the dental-related characteristics, the most common reason for visiting the dental clinic was experiencing pain. The factors influencing anxiety were fear, environment, stimulus, age, and exercise, and the factors influencing the fear were anxiety, stimulus, subjective oral health status, education, and exercise. The factors influencing the stimulus were environmental factors, fear, anxiety, and age, and the factors that influenced environmental factors were stimulus and anxiety. Conclusions: There is a need to develop measures and policies to overcome fear of dental procedures, such as developing a dental experience program and allowing patients to experience dental fear and anxiety in advance.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2022

Background: Obesity weakens acquired immunity and causes infection. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the inflammatory markers in the gingival crevicular fluid and serum and periodontal bacteria in saliva through obesity control for 4 weeks. Methods: Forty-six subjects with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥23 kg/m² stayed in the camp for 4 weeks, followed by exercise and a low salt-low fat diet. Body size measurements, oral examinations, blood, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid were collected before and after the program. C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, and interleukin (IL)-1β in the gingival sulcus fluid were measured. After extracting bacterial genomic DNA from saliva, the presence of periodontal bacteria were detected using Taq probe. The relationship of each index before and after the program was analyzed through paired t-test and partial correlation analysis. Results: Campylobacter rectus (Cr) increased after the program, and there was no significant change in other bacteria. Serum CRP and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cr, ratio of Fn, and ratio of Cr had a positive relationship at baseline; however, the relationship was not significant after the program. Ratio of Prevotella intermedia had a positive relationship with MMP-9, MMP-8, IL-1β at baseline. Moreover, the ratio of Treponema denticola and the ratio of Tannerella forsythia showed a positive relationship with MMP-8, MMP-9, and IL-1β. The relationship between the ratio of Porphyromonas gingivalis and IL-1β showed a constant positive relationship at baseline and after the program. Conclusion: Obesity control program in subjects with a BMI of ≥23 kg/m² accompanied by diet and exercise did not affect the changes in periodontal bacteria itself, but changes in the relationship between periodontal bacteria and serum CRP, the relationship between the inflammatory index in the gingival crevicular fluid and periodontal bacteria was observed.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.417-430
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a respiratory infection prevention program for the rural elderly in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Methods: The Delphi method was used to validate the contents of the program. Two rounds of Delphi surveys and one individual interview were conducted on four subjects and 16 categories with nine experts. Content validity was calculated using the content validity ratio (CVR) and coefficient of variation (CV). Results: This study verified the content validity of the existing program components, such as respiratory infection prevention characteristics, cough etiquette, correct hand washing, oral hygiene, correct tooth brushing, and exercise by walking. The study comprised 28 categories covering seven subjects, including the provision of knowledge and information about COVID-19, environmental management for respiratory infection prevention, and exercise training for immunity enhancement. Conclusion: This Delphi study examined the respiratory infection prevention program that was redesigned for the post-COVID-19 era and confirmed the validity of the educational contents. The findings of this study suggest that the program can be used practically for the prevention of respiratory infection among the rural elderly.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.429-436
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze factors relationship between dental caries experience and obesity among elementary school of student's in oral health clinic to provide empirical data for school of oral health program. The subjects of this study consists of 235 elementary school student's in Gyeongsan area. The data were collected from July 1 to 30, 2011 by self-administrative questionnaires. Increased with age in the lower level dental caries experience. Dental caries experience and obesity realted to were not with Mother's employment status, education level, economic level each other. Number of weekly exercise normal weight (9.4%) than obesity weight (21.5%) was higher in the 0 times. The obesity and dental caries experience was not associated with each other. The results suggest that social and demographic variation and regardless of don't home care made in support do student's oral and health care school health in terms of how much management so school oral health clinics later gradually enlarge and systematic a national policy will be implemented.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.37 no.4 s.147
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• pp.229-234
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• 2006

We examined the inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidase (MAO) of Taraxacum mongolicum in vitro and in vivo methods. Methanol extract of T. mongolicum showed significantly inhibitory activities on MAO-A and MAOB that were prepared from rat brain and liver in vitro. MAO-A and MAO-B activities were potently inhibited by chloroform fraction of T. mongolicum in vitro tests. The $IC_{50}$ values of each fraction on MAO-A are as followed; methanol extracts (0.90 mg/ml), $CHCl_3$ fraction (0.10 mg/ml), EtOAc fraction (0.36 mg/ml). and those on MAO-B are methanol extracts $(0.39{\mu}g/ml)$, $CHCl_3$ fraction $(0.18{\mu}g/ml)$, BuOH fraction $(0.22{\mu}g/ml)$. Those MAO-A and MAO-B activities in vivo tests have different tendency each other. MAO-A activity was increased by the oral administration of ethanol extract of T mon golicum, while MAO-B activity was decreased. The concentration of serotonin of brain tissue after oral administration of ethanolic extract of T. mongolicum is slightly increased in rat. This tendency is not different from the activity of deprenyl which is the well known MAO inhibitor used as a positive control. Based on these results, we can suggest that T. mongolicum may have the effects on the inhibitory activities against MAO. Thess activities of T. mongolicum is considerable for development of functional materials for the purpose of treatment and control of depressant, dementia, Parkinson' disease, stress and promoting exercise.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.112-121
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• 2003

The purpose of these study was to analyze the contents and trend of researches done on oncology nursing in the past five years in Korea and to suggest its direction for the future research. Methods: 214 nursing studies published from 1998 to 2003 were selected for the analysis. They were examined for the source, design of study, type of subjects, the intervention outcomes of experimental research, the key words and theme of the oncology research. Results: 1. 139(64.9%) of 214 studies were masters thesis and doctoral dissertations. There were 196(91.6%) quantitative researches and 18 qualitative researches. Quantitative research consisted of 28(14.3%) experimental and 168(85.7%) non- experimental studies. Among non-experimental studies, there were 53 correlations, 78 descriptives, 14 comparatives and 23 methodological studies. 2.The main subjects of the study were cancer patients in general(43.7%) and breast cancer patients (18.3%). According to the treatment types, patients receiving chemotherapy were the highest number distribution as 23 of all researches. 3. Social support, fatigue, stress, hope, and quality of life were the most frequently used concepts in correlational studies.4. Education, providing information, oral care, exercise, relaxation and foot massage were the most frequent nursing interventions. Most frequently measured outcomes variable were self-care, pain control, nausea & vomiting, oral discomfort and anxiety. 5. Key words used most frequently were quality of life, educational need, pain controls and fatigue. 6. The themes of qualitative researches were illness experience, family experience and adaptation process. More than 50% of qualitative researches used phenomenologic method. Conclusion: Researches on cancer nursing in Korea have been increased. Descriptive design is being dominant and few experimental studies are being done For the future, it is necessary to conduct international studies to compare, replicate and to establish the effective nursing interventions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.139-144
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• 2015

Background: The work force in industries are at risk of developing unduly high rates of health and behaviour related problems including abuse of alcohol, betel nut and cigarette (alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption). This study describes the relationships between alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption and health promoting behaviour among industrial workers. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted on workers in various industries of Ghaziabad city with concerned authority permission. A sample size of 732 workers was calculated based on pilot study. Through Simple random sampling 732 workers in 20 to 50 years age group with informed consent were interviewed through structured, pretested, validated questionnaire in vernacular language by one calibrated investigator. Data on socio demography, alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption pattern and health behaviour were collected. The association between health promoting behaviour and alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption was analysed by Logistic regression and Chi-square test through SPSS 16 at p<0.05 and 95%CI as significant. Results: Total prevalence of alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption in study population was 88%. The prevalence of individual alcohol, betel nut and cigarette consumption were 82%, 68% and 79% respectively. Combined alcohol, betel nut and cigarette prevalence in study population was 58%. Alcohol and cigarette users were significantly higher (p<0.001) in 30 to 40 years age group with lower level of education having poor attitude towards health promoting behaviour, poor oral hygiene practices and rare indulgence in regular physical exercise. Conclusions: This study stimulate further research on exploring methods to prevent initiation of health risk behaviour and promote healthy behaviour with cessation help for the current alcohol, betel nut and cigarette users.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.327-339
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• 1992

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of orthognathic surgery on occlusal force. The maximum bite force was measured in 26 dentofacial deformity patients, aged 14-26(mean age 20.3) years, before surgery and at IMF removal, 3, 6, and 12months postsurgery. To grope the correlation of bite force and skeletal change after orthognathic surgery, the cephalometric headplates were measured, tabulated and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. The presurgical maximum bite force was 13.7kg in upper first molar(rt. Side 12.7kg, it. Side 14.6kg). There was remarkable difference with that of normal occlusion. 2. The recovery of bite force was very significant in according to the operation method and the duration of IMF that was 7.6kg at IMF removal, 14.2kg at 3 months, 19.7kg at 6 months. 26.1kg at 12 months postsurgery. 3. To fasten the recovery and to increase the bite force after orthognathic surgery, the long IMF time and the injury to the masticatory muscle should be avoided by the internal rigid fixation and early physical exercise. 4. The bite force was positively correlated to the changes of mandibular plane angle, the angle between platatal plane and mandibular plan, the angle between occlusal plane and mandibular plane, and negatively correlated to the changes of mandibular body length in craniofacial structure. 5. There was no correlationship between bit force and mesial inclination of tooth long axis of first molar in this subject. 6. There was no correlation between the changes of bite force and the changes of mechanical advantage of the temporal and masseter muscle.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors related to dental caries and periodontal disease in Korean adults. Methods: The subjects were 5,149 adults over 19 years old who participated in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis using SPSS 18.0 statistical package program. The questionnaire consisted of 17 questions of independent variables and 2 kinds of dependent variables including dental caries and periodontal diseases by direct interview. The independent variables included 5 questions of general characteristics, 3 questions of health behavior, 5 questions of oral health behavior, and 4 questions of chronic diseases diagnosed by the doctors. Results: The prevalence rate of dental caries was higher in those who did not regularly work out and did not receive regular checkups including dental floss and dental brush use. The prevalence rate of periodontal diseases was higher in male adults, smokers, and those who were obese and had diabetes mellitus, poor oral health care habit without using dental floss and inter-dental brush. Conclusions: In order to prevent the dental caries in the adults, it is very important to do regular exercise and regular dental checkup. The best ways of dental caries prevention include tooth brushing after meal with use of dental floss and inter-dental brush. This study suggests that dental health promotion can be enhanced by smoking cessation, ideal body weight maintenance, timely tooth brushing after meal, and use of dental floss and inter-dental brush.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.261-269
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• 2013

Objectives : This research examined the Patient Hygiene Performance(PHP) index according to smoking and tooth brushing behavior, in order to analyze how they influence the oral hygiene. Methods : This research used PHP index and the structured questionnaire. The subjects were 203 men in their 20's who visited K university's dental hygiene department for oral prophylaxis from March to July of 2012. For data analysis SPSS WIN 12.0 was used. Results : 1. The average PHP index of all experimented subjects was 2.66, a very poor level. The PHP index according to general characteristics, smoking, drinking, and exercise showed statistical significance(p<0.05). 2. PHP index decreased with more frequencies and longer durations of toothbrushing(p<0.05). 3. The PHP index of smokers is higher than that of non-smokers. In the case of non-smokers, the frequency, method, and duration of tooth brushing had a statistical significance(p<0.05). 4. The PHP index of smokers who smoke less than or equal to ten cigarettes is 2.53 and smokers who smoked more than 10 cigarettes is 3.10. 5. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that smoking increased the PHP index, while the increase in tooth brushing frequency and the up and down tooth brushing method decreased the PHP index. All the coefficients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions : In order to increase Patient Hygiene Performance(PHP) index. there must be a decrease in smoking rate while people increase their tooth brushing frequency and use a proper tooth brushing method.