• Title/Summary/Keyword: Oral Cancer

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ANTEROLATERAL THIGH FLAP FOR HEAD AND NECK RECONSTRUCTION : ANATOMIC STUDY (두경부재건을 위한 전외측 대퇴유리피판: 해부학적 연구)

  • Park, Joo-Yong;Park, Hyun-Do;Youn, Kwan-Hyun;Kwak, Hyun-Ho;Hu, Kyung-Seok;Kang, Hyun-Joo;Kim, Hee-Jin;Choi, Sung-Weon
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.360-364
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    • 2005
  • The anterolateral thigh flap was originally described in 1984 as a septocutaneous flap based on the descending branch of the lateral circumflex artery. This flap has some significant advantages for reconstruction of the head and neck. It can be raised as a subcutaneous flap, a fasciocutaneous flap, or a myocutaneous flap and can resurface large defects in the head and neck. In addition, it has a large and long vascular pedicle, and because of the distance of the donor site from the head and neck, it can easily be harvested with a 2-team approach. However, the number and locations of cutaneous perforators vary individually, and thus, it is not widely used because flap elevation is often complicated and time-consuming owing to unexpected anatomical variations. The purposes of this study are to classify the vascular anatomy and to assess the suitability of anterolateral thigh flap for head and neck reconstruction in Korean. We performed an anatomic study on cadavers and analyzed the anatomic pattern of the lateral circumflex femoral arterial system and the perforators nourishing the anterolateral thigh flap. This study suggest the characteristics of vascular anatomic patterns of anterolateral thigh flap of Korean and utility of this flap for head and neck reconstruction.

Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Comparison of Japanese and Indian Cases

  • Chowdhury, Chitta Ranjan;Kirita, Tadaaki;Jose, Maji;Abdullah, Riaz
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.7
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    • pp.3219-3222
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    • 2012
  • A comparative study between 17 Japanese and 19 Indian patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) revealed that the tumour prognostic indicator mean vessel density (MVD) count for angiogenesis was relatively high at 57.1 in Indian as compared to 39.3 in Japanese (P=0.001) cases, whereas the lymph-vessel density (LVD) count for lymphangiogenesis was lower (12.8 vs 48.0, P=0.002). Both male and female Indians had higher MVD counts, but LVD counts were only slightly lower in females. MVD count was relatively high among the cases below 65 years old in both the countries (P=0.4). Japanese cases with Tongue cancer had higher MVD count, but the Indian cases had lower LVD counts. Size-wise, T2 and T3 had higher counts of MVD both in Indian and Japanese cases. MVD and LVD count was higher in grades II and III both in Japanese and Indian cases. There was insignificant difference of the MVD counts among smokers, but the tobacco chewers in Indian cases had higher counts of MVD and LVD (P value by Bartlett test 0.35, 0.57 respectively). The hot-spots of tumour sites had variable rates of lymphocyte infiltration showed higher MVD counts in all the cases. Although the clinical characteristics and demographic variables usually relate to MVD and LVD counts, the tendency of higher values, especially among tobacco chewers, identified as the highest risk group for occurrence of oral cancer needs to be investigated further.

RADIOGRAPHIC AND HISTOLOGIC STUDY OF THE MANDIBULAR INVASION BY GINGIVAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (치은암의 하악골 침범에 관한 방사선학적 및 조직학적 연구)

  • Moon, Won-Gyu;Cha, In-Ho;Hong, Soon-Xae;Baik, Suk-Kee;Choi, Sung-Won;Lee, Eui-Wung;Lee, Eun-Ha;Kim, Jin
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.41-47
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    • 1999
  • The route of bony invasion and spread pattern of tumor in the mandible are important in management of gingival cancer. Ten patients with gingival cancer involving mandibular body region were operated by composite resection. The radiographic and histopathologic features of the mandibular invasion and spread were analysed and compared. Our results showed that histopathologic extent of tumor invasion were greater than the radiographic prediction, especially in width of the tumor. And the pattern of bony invasion in the body area was mostly found in transmedullary spread rather than perineural spread. The vertical involvement in the mandibular body with tumor was evaluated. It indicated that if a oncologic surgeon was to ensure an adequate safety margin for extirpation of tumor, in most cases, the maintenance of the mandibular continuity is difficult. If the mandibular involvement by gingival cancer was identified radiographically and clinically, segmental mandibulectomy was required for the adequate safety margin, in consideration of the spread pattern in the body area.

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Direct Contact with Platelets Induces Podoplanin Expression and Invasion in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells

  • Park, Se-Young;Lee, Sun Kyoung;Lim, Mihwa;Kim, Bomi;Hwang, Byeong-Oh;Cho, Eunae Sandra;Zhang, Xianglan;Chun, Kyung-Soo;Chung, Won-Yoon;Song, Na-Young
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.284-290
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    • 2022
  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is mostly diagnosed at an advanced stage, with local and/or distal metastasis. Thus, locoregional and/or local control of the primary tumor is crucial for a better prognosis in patients with OSCC. Platelets have long been considered major players in cancer metastasis. Traditional antiplatelet agents, such as aspirin, are thought to be potential chemotherapeutics, but they need to be used with caution because of the increased bleeding risk. Podoplanin (PDPN)-expressing cancer cells can activate platelets and promote OSCC metastasis. However, the reciprocal effect of platelets on PDPN expression in OSCC has not been investigated. In this study, we found that direct contact with platelets upregulated PDPN and integrin β1 at the protein level and promoted invasiveness of human OSCC Ca9.22 cells that express low levels of PDPN. In another human OSCC HSC3 cell line that express PDPN at an abundant level, silencing of the PDPN gene reduced cell invasiveness. Analysis of the public database further supported the co-expression of PDPN and integrin β1 and their increased expression in metastatic tissues compared to normal and tumor tissues of the oral cavity. Taken together, these data suggest that PDPN is a potential target to regulate platelet-tumor interaction and metastasis for OSCC treatment, which can overcome the limitations of traditional antiplatelet drugs.

THE CHANGES OF SALIVARY MICROORGANISM COMPOSITION AFTER THERAPEUTIC RADIATION FOR ORAL CANCER PATIENTS (구강암 환자에서 방사선 조사에 따른 타액의 세균학적 조성변화에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Jong-Ho;Kim, Myung-Jin;Choung, Pill-Hoon;Choi, Jin-Young;Seo, Byoung-Moo;Song, Ro-Heun;Ahn, Kang-Min;Kim, Jong-Won;Nam, Il-Woo;Kim, Soo-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.18-23
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    • 2000
  • The changes of the microorganism composition after therapeutic radiation for oral cancer patients are not well known and the long-term follow-up data are not reported. To obtain basic data for understanding of pathogenesis and prevention and treatment of dental caries and mucositis occuring after radiation therapy, 7 of the oral cancer patients presented at the Seoul National University Oral & Maxillofacial Department between 1997 and 1998 whose treatment plan included radiation therapy were recruited to investigate the changes in bacterial composition(total aerobic count, Candida, Staphylococci, Lactobacilli, S. mutans, and S. salivarius (mitis, sanguis)) of the saliva before, during, and after radiation therapy. The basic data obtained from this study on identification and composition change of the bacteria in saliva of patients treated with radiation therapy can be used (1) as a reference for deciding on the ideal anti-microbial spectrum of the oral rinsing agent to be used in patients treated with radiation therapy for malignant tumor of the head and neck region. (2) to enhance the understanding of increase of opportunistic infection after immunochemical changes of the saliva and its relation to specific bacterial infection. (3) as a reference in prescribing prophylactic antibiotics in immunodepressed patients after radiation therapy.

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Apoptotic Activity of Methanol Extract of Tongcao in HEp-2 Human Cervical Cancer Cells

  • Choi, Eun-Sun;Jung, Ji-Youn;Lee, Hang-Eun;Cho, Sung-Dae
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.41-44
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    • 2013
  • Although tongcao has been reported to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects, there is no report of the chemopreventive effect of tongcao in cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the anti-proliferative activity of methanol extract of tongcao (MET) and its molecular target in HEp-2 human cervical cancer cells using MTS assay, western blot analysis, and DAPI staining. MET significantly decreases cell viability and induces apoptotic cell death. It affects Bid protein to be truncated resulting in the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol whereas it did not affect other Bcl-2 family members. Thus, we clearly suggest that tongcao can be a potential naturally occurring plants having chemopreventive activity in cervical cancer.

Bevacizumab Regulates Cancer Cell Migration by Activation of STAT3

  • Wu, Huan-Huan;Zhang, Shuai;Bian, Huan;Li, Xiao-Xu;Wang, Lin;Pu, Yin-Fei;Wang, Yi-Xiang;Guo, Chuan-Bin
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.15
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    • pp.6501-6506
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    • 2015
  • There are numerous clinical cases indicating that long-term use of bevacizumab may increase the invasiveness of tumors. However, to date, little is known about underlying molecular mechanisms. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate effects of bevacizumab in four cancer cells lines (WSU-HN6, CAL27, Tca83, and HeLa). It was found to promote migration and invasion in the WSU-HN6 and Tca83 cases, while exerting inhibitory effects in CAL27 and HeLa cells. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 inhibitors niclosamide and S3I-201 inhibited the STAT3 signal pathway, which is activated by bevacizumab. These inhibitors also substantially blocked bevacizumab-induced migration of WSU-HN6 and Tca83 cells. Bevacizumab upregulated interleukin (IL)-6 and phosphorylated (p)-STAT3 expression time-dependently. Therefore, we propose that bevacizumab has differential effects on the migration of different cancer cell lines and promotes migration via the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Case Report of the Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient with Oral Lichen Planus

  • Woo, Keoncheol;Oh, Duwon;Kwon, Jeong-Seung;Ahn, Hyung-Joon;Choi, Jong-hoon
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.72-75
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    • 2016
  • Lichen planus is a chronic disease characterized by bilateral and multiple lesions on the skin or oral mucosa. Lichen planus is caused by immune mediated degeneration along the border between epithelium and connective tissue. The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients diagnosed with oral lichen planus (OLP) is reported to be between 0.4%-5.6% in different studies and the World Health Organization has categorized lichen planus as "a potentially malignant disorder". However, the correlation between OLP and oral cancer still remains controversial as some reported that the reason for increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in OLP patient is misdiagnosis of dysplastic lesion as OLP. This report aims to discuss the correlation between OLP and oral cancer through a case of middle aged woman diagnosed with OLP who was successfully treated but developed squamous cell carcinoma 8 years later.