• 한국균학회지
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• 제27권2호통권89호
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• pp.94-99
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• 1999

섬유소자원을 이용하기 위하여 S. rugosoannulata를 합성배지에서 배양하여 cellulase 생산 최적 배양조건을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. S. rugosoannulata에 의한 cellulase 생산은 세 효소 모두 $40^{\circ}C$가 최적온도이었고, Avicelase와 ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 pH 5.0, CMCase는 pH 4.0이 최적조건 이었다. 탄소원은 CMCase와 ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 xylose를 Avicelase는 maltose를 탄소원으로 했을 때 최고의 생산을 나타냈으며, xylose의 최적농도는 CMCase는 1.0%, Avicelase는 0.8%, ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 1.1%이었다. 질소원은 무기질소원으로 $NH_4Cl$ 첨가시 최고의 생산성을 나타냈으며, 최적농도는 CMCase는 0.3을 Avicelase와 ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 0.4%이었으며, 유기질소원으로는 malt extarct 첨가시 높은 생산성을 나타냈으며, 최적농도는 CMCase와 Avicelase는 1.0%, ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 1.3%이었다. 무기염류로는 $CoCl_2$ 첨가시 최고의 생산성을 나타냈으며, 최적농도는 세 효소 모두 0.35%이었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2002년도 생물공학의 동향 (X)
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• pp.131-135
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• 2002

Acetobacter xylinum KJ1 efficiently producing bacterial cellulose(BC) in shaking culture was isolated from a rotten grape. The strain was used to investigate optimum operating conditions for increasing BC production and factorial design model was employed for the optimization. The results of experiments were statistically analyzed by SAS program. Reciprocal effects of each factors(carbon source concentration, shaking speeds(rpm), oxygen pressure, and CSL concentration) and culture condition of BC production were examined by getting regression equation of the dependent variable. Comparisons between experimental results and predicted results about BC concentration were done in total 24 experiments by combination of each factors using SAS program, and the correlation coefficients of BC concentration and BC yield were 0.91 and 0.81, respectively. The agitated cultures were performed in various operation conditions of factors which affected considerably to BC production in jar fermentor. The results showed that BC concentration was 11.67g/ L in 80 hours cultivation under the condition of carbon source concentration shaking speeds(rpm) : oxygen pressure: CSL concentration = 4% : 460rpm : 0.28 : 6%. On the other hand BC yield was 0.42g/g in 80 hours cultivation under the condition of carbon source concentration shaking speeds(rpm) : oxygen pressure: CSL concentration = 4% : 564rpm : 0.21 : 2%. The BC production could be enhanced up to more than 65.3% by factorial design. The result of a verifying experiment under the optimal conditions determined by the factorial design to the BC production showed that the model was appropriate by obtaining BC concentration of 11.02g/L in the optimum condition

• KSBB Journal
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.457-464
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• 1993

회분식 배양을 통해 탄소원으로 초기 glucose 농도를 5g/$\ell$, lOg/$\ell$, 20g/$\ell$, 30g/$\ell$ 로 변화시키고, 초기 glucose 농도 20g/$\ell$ 에 저해제의 초기 acetIcacid 농도를 19/$\ell$, 2g/$\ell$, 3g/$\ell$, 4g/$\ell$, 5g/$\ell$ 로 변화시키면서 Bacillus amyloliquefacieηs 23350 균주를 이용하여 최적의 세포성장과 생성물 생산을 얻기 위한 배양을 시도하였다. 최대 건조세포밀도는 초기 glucose 농도가 증가할수록 증가하였고, 저해제로 acetic acid를 첨가하면 세포의 성장이 감소하였다. 탄소원 중 최대 $\alpha$-amylase의 생산은 초기 glucose 농도 lOgje 일 때 225unit/ml이었으며, 배양 기질 중 초기 acetic acid 농도가 2g/$\ell$ 일 때가 376unit/ml이었고, 최대 비세포성장속도와 최대 $\alpha$-amylase 의 비생성속도는 초기 glucose 농도가 109/E 일 때 $0.1239(hr^{-1})$ 과 2.34930unit/mg-hr로 최적이었다. 최적의 $\alpha$-amylase 생산 및 비생성속도를 얻기 위해서는 저해제로서 초기 acetic acid 농도를 2-4g/$\ell$ 정도 첨가하여 배양을 행하여야 한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.931-940
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• 2010

The Raw water from Deer Creek (DC) reservoir and Little Cottonwood Creek (LCC) reservoir in the Utah, USA were collected for jar test experiments. This study examined the removal of arsenic and turbidity by means of coagulation and flocculation processes using of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride as coagulants for 13 jar tests. The jar tests were performed to determine the optimal pH range, alum concentration, ferric chloride concentration and polymer concentration for arsenic and turbidity removal. The results showed that a comparison was made between alum and ferric chloride as coagulant. Removal efficiency of arsenic and turbidity for alum (16 mg/L) of up to 79.6% and 90.3% at pH 6.5 respectively were observed. Removal efficiency of arsenic and turbidity for ferric chloride (8 mg/L) of up to 59.5% at pH 8 and 90.6% at pH 8 respectively were observed. Optimum arsenic and turbidity removal for alum dosages were achieved with a 25 mg/L and 16 mg/L respectively. Optimum arsenic and turbidity removal for ferric chloride dosages were achieved with a 20 mg/Land 8 mg/L respectively. In terms of minimizing the arsenic and turbidity levels, the optimum pH ranges were 6.5 and 8for alum and ferric chloride respectively. When a dosage of 2 mg/L of potassium permanganate and 8 mg/L of ferric chloride were employed, potassium permanganate can improve arsenic removal, but not turbidity removal.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1995

돼지감자 분말을 원료로 에탄올 생산성을 향상시키기 위한 전실험으로 Kluyveromyces marxianus FO43을 고정화시켜 sucrose 배지에 고정화 조건과 발효조건을 조사한 결과 alginate 농도는 2%, bead 직경 2 mm, 고정화 균주의 배양기간 24시간, particle input ratio of 30 : 100, 기질농도 10%(w/v), pH와 온도는 각각 5.5, $40^{\circ}C$가 최적으로 나타났으며 pH $4.5{\sim}6.5$, 온도 $30{\sim}45^{\circ}C$에서 높은 농도의 에탄올을 생성하여 고정화하지 않은 효모보다 넓은 pH와 온도 안정성을 보였다. 최적조건에서 회분발효를 실시한 결과 에탄올 농도는 46.4 g/L, 에탄올 생산성은 1.93 g/L.h이었고 최적조건에서 배양된 bead의 단면을 위상차 현미경으로 관찰해 본 결과 균주세포가 bead의 표면에 밀집되어 있었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.455-460
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• 1999

In order to establish the processing condition of salt-fermented liquefaction of sardine (Sardinops melanoslicta), effect of temperature, pH value, and concentration of salinity on crude enzyme activity of sardine viscera were investigated. The optimum temperature range of crude enzyme activity in sardine viscera was $45{\sim}50^{\circ}C$ and the optimum pH value of it was 9.8. According to the concentration of salinity increased the crude enzyme activity in sardine viscera decreased. The relationship between concentration of salinity (X) and the crude enzyme activity (Y) in sardine viscera is shown as follows; Y=-0.01363X+0.7676 (r=-0.88). For the purpose of processing conditions of rapid- and low salt-fermented liquefaction of sardine, changes of viable cell count, histamine content, and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) in the chopped whole sardine with 8% NaCl during preheating process at $40^{\circ},\;45^{\circ}$ and $50^{\circ}C$ for 48 hrs were analyzed. During preheating, initial viable cell counts of chopped whole sardine were $10^{4-7}/g$, but they decreased $10^{1-5}/g$ after 48 hrs. Histamine contents during preheating process at $40^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}C$ were gradually increased, whereas at $50^{\circ}C$ were almost the same level after 48 hrs. VBN contents were continuously increased during preheating, but preheating at $50^{\circ}C$ samples were lower level than that of $40^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}C$ ones. For the purpose to accelerate the fermentation and liquefaction of chopped whole sardine, preheating at optimum temperature of crude enzyme activity for 48 hrs was useful processing method and the contents of viable cell count, histamine, and VBN were safety level for food sanitation.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1998

Calcium hydrogen phosphate was synthesized by reacting calcium chloride and sodium hydrogen phosphate solution in this study. It is well known that the particle size and yield o f calcium hydrogen phosphate produced is greatly affected by the synthetic conditions such as the reactant concentration, reaction temperature, reacting fine, mole ratio and drying temperature, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the optimum synthesis condition from the viewpoint of yield and sedimentation volume of the prepared calcium hydrogen phosphate powder according to a randomized complete block design proposed by G.E.P. Box and K.B. Wilson. It was found that the optimum synthetic conditions of calcium hydrogen phosphate were as follows: It was found that optirnum temperature range of reactant solutions was $28-38^{\circ}C$ and $32-42^{\circ}C$ respectively, on the viewpoint of yield and sedimentation volume. The optimum concentration range of reactant solutions was 5.5-10.0% and 6.9-7.4% respectively, on the viewpoint of yield and sedimentation volume. The optimum mole ratio of $CaCl_2$ to $Na_2HPO_4$ was in the range of 1.2-2.0 and the optimum reacting time range was 8.5-11.0 minutes. The optimum drying temperature range was $39-41^{\circ}C$ from the viewpoint of yield, but it was $39-43^{\circ}C$ on the basis of sedimentation volume. Crystallographic analysis to X-ray diffraction patterns of commercially available ecalcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium hydrogen phosphate samples prepared in this study suggested that all samples tested belonged to monoclinic crystal system characteristic of $CaHP0_4{\cdot}2H_20$ crystals.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.402-404
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• 2000

In this study, we have developed an ultrasonic separation system for plant cells and its operating conditions in terms of voltage, flow rate and concentration were examined. For plant cell, the operation of ultrasonic separator highly depended on concentration of cells. Holding capacity highly depended on flow rate in chamber. Optimum voltage was 30V in high density culture

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 1991

Fail-safe design of machine elements or structural members is very aim of the whole mankind. Fracture occurs generally from cracks that exist originally or produced from flaws. The most important job we have to do is to make stopping or decreasing the crack growth rate. For fail-safe design variable thickness plates have been used as structural members in practical engineering services. In this paper, optimum design of CT type plate with varlng thickness is studied with the theoritical analysis. The theoritical analysis was based on the stress concentration and nominal stress analysis. From the study, the optimum design curve was determined for use of designing of such structures using the computer analysis program of optimum design.

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 1995년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.114-115
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• 1995