• 도시과학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2017

Tax evasion is increasing, but efficiency of tax administration is evaluated as improving. This is because the taxation cost, which is a measure to judge the efficiency of the tax administration, does not consider the tax evasion effect at all. This method of estimating the cost of taxation is a dispute that neglects the role of taxation authorities in tax evasion. The existing study focuses on the development of a tax evasion model focused on maximizing the utility through the tax evasion of the taxpayer as the tax evasion approaches the individual 's deviant problem. However, this has the aspect of making the role of the tax authorities in tax evasion negative. This study empirically derived the optimal size of tax administration in Korea by using tax collection cost and tax cooperation cost. Also, it is meaningful to consider the role of the taxation authorities in tax evasion and to derive the optimal taxation cost model by estimating the decrease in tax evasion due to the taxation expenditure of the tax authorities. In order to derive the optimal size of tax administration in Korea, taxation cost and tax cooperation cost are derived by classifying tax officials. The optimal taxation cost model was derived by estimating the taxation expenditure related to tax evasion. This study is meaningful to make it possible to emphasize the role of tax authorities in studying future tax evasion by studying the effect of taxation expenditure on tax evasion.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

This article examines the impact of electronic commerce on environmental welfare. In particular, we analyze a game model of price competition between offline and online firms when consumption taxes are imposed on both offline and online transactions that produce environmental pollution. We investigate the properties of optimal taxation between offline and online markets and demonstrate that there is an optimal difference between the two taxes, depending upon not only the transaction cost between offline and online consumption, but also the environmental damage cost. We also investigate the effect of tax-free online transactions on tax revenues, and the financial feasibility of the optimal taxation.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제19권1_2호
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• pp.311-326
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• 2005

The paper deals with the problem of selective harvesting in a prey-predator model with predator self limitation. Criteria for local stability and global stability for both the exploited and unexploited system are derived. The effort has been considered as a dynamic variable and taxation as a control instrument to protect the fish populations from over exploitation. Finally, the optimal taxation policy is discussed with the help of control theory.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2018

We investigate the optimal consumption and investment problem of working agent who faces tax system on consumption, labor income, savings and investment. By applying martingale method, we obtain the closed-form solutions so it is possible to verify the effect of tax system analytically.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2016

Purpose - This paper presents how Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) operate in different tax jurisdiction could decide on its transfer pricing strategy as the optimal solution to increase their global after tax income through transfer pricing and solve their related transfer pricing issues related to distribution cost, consumer, and wholesale vendor. It has been strategy issues for an MNEs to locate its tax basis of wholesale vendor and buyer in a jurisdiction where effective rather low Research design, data, and methodology - The collection of information and data for this research project gathered from various sources of secondary data. The findings of these relevant research topic article and journal were the main source of references for this research project Results - The achievement of management's operational and financial objectives depends on transfer pricing policies availability that is consistent and supports both vendor, wholesaler, distributor and ensuring sufficient documentation and data is available to support the application and arriving at the arm length. Conclusions - The study concluded with an emphasis on the importance of web-designed information about international taxation rules and transfer pricing policy and pricing agreement among wholesale vendor and whole buyer around the world.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.84-98
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• 2004

Due to a publicly owned resources, the overexploitation of the fisheries resources can result in externalities in the form of reduced future levels of yield. These problems can be theoretically improved through effective management of the fishery. The paper illustrates maximum sustainable yield(MSY), maximum economic yield(MEY) and F0.1 level of fishing mortality as the concept of optimal yield, and it theoretically shows that MSY is more appropriate for the optimal yield than MEY where prices increase even though MEY achieves the maximization of economic rent in a fishery assuming constant prices. And the paper presents several fisheries management tools and policies such as input controls, output controls and taxes. As the traditional approach to fishery management, input controls involve restrictions on the physical inputs into the production process(e.g. capital, time or technology) and output controls involve limits on the quantity of fish that can be landed. To introduce user cost into the harvest decisions of rent-seeking fishers, taxation, as a bioeconomic management policy of the fisheries, directly addresses the problems associated with the resource being unpriced. As most fisheries management plans, however, have increasing fisher income as an objective, taxes have not been introduced into any fisheries management policies despite their theoretical attraction.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-53
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• 2015

지난 30년간 환경세나 배출권과 같은 경제적 정책도구들이 환경정책의 영역에서 꾸준 히 각광을 받아왔다. 경제적 환경정책도구들은 저마다 특성이 다르고, 각국 정책당국이 직면한 환경문제의 구조적 제도적 배경이 상이하기 때문에, 교과서적인 의미에서의 피구세(배출세)와 같은 정책도구는 널리 사용되지 못하는 상황이다. 오히려 산출물이나 소비 등에 부과하는 환경 관련 조세를 부과함으로써 피구세 사용에 수반되는 한계와 어려움을 회피하려는 경향이 강하다. 즉, 피구세(배출세)를 사용하지 못함으로써 이미 상당한 후생손실을 감내할 수밖에 없는 것이다. 특히 개발도상국들에서는 구조적 제도적 제약들이 선진국에 비해서 더 많고 크기 때문에, 제대로 된 피구세(배출세)를 사용하지 못함에 따라 입는 후생손실이 훨씬 커질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 점을 보여주기 위해서, 이론적인 일반균형모형을 통해 노동에 대한 과세가 존재하는 차선의 상황에서, 피구세 및 산출세 수준을 최선과 차선의 경우에 계산하고, 각종 구조적 제도적 제약을 모형 내의 파라미터로 표현한 사회후생 수식을 통해 도출해낸다. 그리고 피구세에 대한 불완전하지만 현실적인 대안으로 산출세를 이용하여 환경문제를 해결하려 하는 경우, 후생증진의 차이가 얼마나 벌어지는지 살펴본다. 또한 미국과 중국의 예를 들어, 환경 차원에서 불완전한 산출세를 사용함으로써 겪는 후생손실이 개도국의 경우 산업국가에 비해서 무려 6배나 벌어질 수 있음을 시뮬레이션을 통해 보여준다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.681-693
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• 2020

This study sees a critical gap in the previous body of research, which it seeks to fill; the disclosure of the unemployment ratio correlation has only been measured by the level of economic growth. This study is to add investment variables and government expenditure variables that objectively aim to measure the level of effectiveness in handling the unemployment ratio, which is then a measurement of the effectiveness of unemployment. Economic growth is measured by its impact on income inequality through empirical, conceptual relationships as a critical review and economic strategy for the future. The research uses secondary data on Indonesian macro and microeconomics since 2003-2018, then testing uses a quantitative approach to correlation, regression, and scatterplot. The results of this study show correlations between variables, and volatiles on the graphs show a similar trend. In other words, variables are bound together and support each other. The strategy of prioritizing the scale of government expenditure and investment to reach the target is the primary concern, so that the economic cycle can be optimal and equipped to face the possibility of an economic recession in the future. Many factors cause complex income inequality, though investment does not show a correlation to income inequality.