• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.533-534
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.08a
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• pp.248-249
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• 2000

최근 "혼돈제어"라는 몇 가지 방식이 증명되어 여러 시스템에서 혼돈스런 출렁임을 제거하게 되었다. 처음으로 OGY(Ott Grebogi Yorke) 방법에 기초를 둔 Occasional Proportional Feedback(OPF) 방식이 Roy에 의해 고체레이저 system 에 적용되었다$^{(1)}$ . 또 High Frequency Injection(HFI) 방식으로도 혼돈을 제어할 수 있음이 발표되기도 했다$^{(2),(3)}$ . 우리의 실험에서는 단일모드로 발진하는 Nd:YAG 레이저에서 일어나는 혼돈현상을 관측하려 한다. (중략)

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.109-115
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of physical properties of fuels on spray characteristics in the gasoline direct injection system. Injection rate, spray visualization, and spray pattern experiments were performed to analyze the spray characteristics of ethanol, gasoline, and ethanol/gasoline blends. We measured injection rate of each fuel via the Bosch method. The spray visualization experiment was also carried out at atmospheric pressure using a high-speed camera. Finally, the average of drop surface area per unit volume was measured using the optical patternator. The experimental results from Bosch method showed that peak injection rate increased when the volume fraction of ethanol increased. In addition, higher viscosity of ethanol than that of gasoline leads to longer injection delay. At the initial injection region before reaching 0.8 ms, the spray tip penetration becomes longer as increasing the volume fraction of ethanol, but reversely shorter after 0.8 ms. It was found that ethanol makes spray angle become larger. The surface area per unit volume of the drop was decreased as the distance from the injection tip or the concentration of the gasoline increased.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to analyse the spray characteristics according to the injection duration under the ambient pressure condition, and the injection timing in the visualization engine. In order to investigate the spray behavior, we obtained the spray velocity using the PIV method that has been an useful optical diagnostics technology, and calculated the vorticity from spray velocity component. These results elucidated the relationship between vorticity and entropy which play an important role in the diffusion process for the early injection case and the stratification process for the late injection case. In addition, we quantified the homogeneous diffusion rate of spray using the entropy analysis based on the Boltzmann's statistical thermodynamics. Using these method, it was found that the concentration of spray droplets caused by the increase of injection duration is more effective than the increase of momentum dissipation. We also found that the homogeneous diffusion rate increased as the injection timing moved to the early intake stroke process and BTDC $50^{\circ}$ was the most efficient injection timing for the stratified mixture formation during the compression stroke.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.211-219
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• 2007

The liquid film thickness inside a pressure-swirl nozzle was measured, and then the measured liquid film thickness was compared with the results from previous empirical equations. The liquid film inside the nozzle was visualized using extended transparent nozzles and a microscopic imaging system, and then the measurement error was evaluated using optical geometry analysis. The high injection pressures up to 7MPa were adopted to simulate the injection conditions of the direct-injection spark-ignition engines. The totally different two injectors with different fuels, nozzle lengths, nozzle diameters and swirlers were utilized to obtain the comprehensive equations. The results showed that the liquid film thickness very slightly decreased at high injection pressures and the empirical equations overestimated the effect of injection pressure. Most of empirical equations did not include the effect of nozzle length and swirler angle, although it caused significant change in liquid film thickness. A new empirical equation was suggested based on the experimental results with the effects of fuel properties, injection pressure, nozzle diameter, nozzle length and swirler angle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.30-37
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• 2004

The combustion and emission characteristics of a direct injection CI engine fuelled with DME(Dimethyl Ether) and diesel fuel were compared at idle engine speed(800 rpm) with various injection parameters. An optical single cylinder diesel engine equipped with a common-rail fuel injection system was constructed to investigate combustion processes of DME and diesel fuel. The combustion images were recorded with a high-speed video camera system. The results demonstrated that the DME-fuelled engine was superior to the conventional diesel engine in terms of engine performance and emissions. The optimal injection timing of DME was located around IDC(Top Dead Center), which was roughly same as that of diesel fuel. As the injection timing was advanced much earlier than TDC, NOx (Nitric Oxides) level increased considerably. NOx emission of DME was equal or a little higher than that for diesel fuel at the same injection pressure and timing because of higher evaporation characteristics of DME. Throughout all experimental conditions, DME did not produce any measurable smoke level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.100-104
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• 2005

The injection molding is very effective process for various plastic products due to its high productivity. It is also good fur precise products like optical parts. Various thermoplastic materials are also available with this injection molding process. In recent, however, as the overall size of the product increases and micro or nano scale of patterns are applied to the products, we now have some problems such as low fidelity of the replication of the pattern, high molding pressure, or warpage from the in-mold stress. Injection/compression molding is studied to overcome those problems in molding large thin plate with micro pattern array on its surface. An injection compression mold is designed to 3 pieces mold for side gate. We install 4 pressure transducers and 9 thermocouples to measure the melt pressure and surface temperature in the cavity during the process. As a result, the maximum molding pressure for injection compression molding is reduced to 1/3 compared to injection molding and the uniformity of the pressure in the cavity is enhanced by about 15%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.114-120
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• 2021

This study is focused on the root mean square and peak-to-valley based on the injection conditions of the f-theta lens, one of the main components of laser printers and laser scanning systems. The f-theta lens of an aspherical plastic lens requires ultra-preaction. Injection molding is typically used for the mass production of aspherical plastic lenses. In the injection-molding method, the resin in the lens shape is filled with the resin after melting the plastic pellets at a constant temperature and then cooled. It is necessary to maintain a uniform injection molding system to produce high-quality lenses. These injection-molding systems are influenced by different factors, such as pressure, speed, temperature, mold, and cooling. It is possible to obtain a lens that exhibits the optical characteristics required to achieve harmony. We investigated the root mean square and peak-to-valley caused by variations in temperature, a critical parameter in the melting and cooling of plastic resins generated inside and outside the injection mold.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.22.2-22.2
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• 2011

Reliability and degradation mechanism of conventional phosphor-converted white GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were investigated. Under electro-thermal stress condition, the optical output degraded rapidly at the initial stress time accompanied by the change of chromatic properties. This could be attributed to the optical degradation of packaged materials, in particular, the browning of encapsulants and the darkening of reflective packages. At longer stress times, the optical output gradually decreased according to the degree of the reverse leakage currents, namely, the generation ofnonradiative recombination defects. This indicates that the optical degradation of white LEDs are dominated by the darkening of packaged materials and the generation of defects depending on the injection current and ambient temperatures. Using analyses of electroluminescence spectra, optical microscopy, electrical, optical, and thermal properties, optical degradations of white LEDs are discussed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.1619-1625
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• 2011

The objective of this study determine the molding conditions of a double-shot injection mold for fabricating a computer mouse using different materials, by performing three-dimensional injection molding analysis. In order to select the optical injection molding conditions, the effects of the injection time, the maximum injection pressure, the effect of packing time on the injection molding characteristics, and the product qualities were quantitatively examined. From the results of the injection molding analysis, the optimal injection molding conditions of the double-shot injection mold, which leads the molded product to the minimized shrinkage and deflection, were estimated. The results of the injection molding experiments, showed that an appropriate computer mouse can be fabricated using different materials when the identified optimal injection molding conditions are adopted.