• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2010

Gas turbines operation for power generation increased rapidly since 1990 due to the high efficiency in combined cycle, relatively low construction cost and low emission. But the operation and maintenance cost for gas turbine is high because the expensive superalloy hot gas path parts should be repaired and replaced periodically This study analyzed the initiation and propagation of the crack at the gas turbine blades which are coated with MCrAIY as a bond coat and TBC as a top coat. The sample blades had been serviced at the actual gas turbines for power generation. Total 7 sets of blades were analyzed and they have different EOH(equivalent operation hour). Blades were sectioned and the cracking distribution were measured and analyzed utilizing SEM(scanning electron microscope) and optical microscope. The blades which had 52,000 EOH of operation had cracks at the substrate and the maximum depth was 0.2 mm. Most of the cracks initiated at the boundary layer between TBC and bond coat and propagated down to the bond coat. Once bond coat is cracked, the base metal is exposed to the oxidation condition and undergoes notch effect. Under this environment, the crack branched at the inter-diffusion layer and propagated to the substrate. Critical cracks affecting the blade life were analyzed as those on suction side and platform.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2017

Spectrally resolved interferometry (SRI) is an attractive technique to measure absolute distances without any moving components. In the spectral interferogram obtained by a spectrometer, the optical path difference (OPD) can simply be extracted from the linear slope of the spectral phase. However, SRI has a fundamental measuring range limitation due to maximum and minimum measurable distances. In addition, SRI cannot distinguish the OPD direction because the spectral interferogram is in the form of a natural sinusoidal function. In this investigation, we describe a direction determining SRI and propose the optimal conditions for determining OPD direction. Spectral phase nonlinearity, caused by a dispersive material, effects OPD direction but deteriorates spectral interferogram visibility. In the experiment, various phase nonlinearities were measured by adjusting the dispersive material (BK7) thickness. We observed the interferogram visibility and the possibility of direction determination. Based on the experimental results, the optimal dispersion conditions are provided to distinguish OPD directions of SRI.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.547-552
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• 2009

Because of refractory property of light, the travel path of UV light becomes longer than the straight line and shorter solely in water as UV light passes sequentially through air, quartz and water. Note that water significantly absorbs UV light. Hence, UV intensity shall be estimated to be lower when refraction is neglected than it is considered. Reflection is also critical for the design of UV radiation system. While the reflection at the interface of air and quartz is low enough to ignore, it is too high to be ignored at the interface of quartz and water. Assuming constant power, smaller length to width ratio of UV reactor is beneficial and single-lamp system is preferred to multi-lamps. Under the given cross section, optimal lamp positions could be decided. For example of an elliptical reactor with dual lamps, the optimal lamp locations shall be the 1/3 and 2/3 position of the longer axis.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.128-130
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• 2008

One of methods to increase the efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell(DSC) is the effective usage of the incident light. It can be controlled by using a light scattering layer. The light scattering effect makes that the optical path length of incident light to DSC increases. And then, the photocurrent and the efficiency is increased because of the increase of dye adsorption and the abundant amount of the light. In this study, we apply the light scattering layer to DSC by using two $TiO_2$ pastes that have different particle sizes. As a result, the photocurrent increases and the total efficiency is also increases in the case of using large-sized $TiO_2$ particle as the light scattering layer.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.49-49
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• 2011

실리콘 태양전지에 사용되는 ZnO 박막의 특성은 적외선과 가시광선 영역에서 높은 투과도 (>80%)와 낮은 비저항(<10-2) 외에 산란(scattering)에 의한 빛의 광학적 경로(optical path) 증가로 활성층(active layer)에서의 광 흡수도 증가 및 입사광의 재반사를 방지할 수 있는 표면 형상(morphology)의 제어가 중요하다. 일반적으로 우선 배향성(preferred orientation)이 <0002>방향으로 texturing된 ZnO박막보다 <1120>방향으로 texturing된 박막이 더 우수한 광 산란 효과를 보인다. 따라서, 이 논문에서는 유기화학증착공정으로 증착한 ZnO 박막의 texture 형성에 있어 박막 증착 온도 및 원료로 사용하는 DEZ(Diethylzinc)와 H2O의 상대농도 변화에 따른 texture 방향의 변화에 대해 고찰하였다. 반응기내의 압력을 0.67 torr로고정하고 기판온도를 $90^{\circ}C$에서 $170^{\circ}C$까지 $20^{\circ}C$간격으로 증가시키고, $120^{\circ}C$에서 H2O/DEZ의 비를 0.1에서 4까지 변화시켰다. 기판온도가 증가함에 따라 ZnO박막의 texture 방향은 <0002>에서 <1120> 방향으로 변화하였다. 또한 $120^{\circ}C$에서 H2O/DEZ 비가 증가함에 따라 ZnO 박막의 texture 방향은 <0002>에서 <1120> 방향으로 변화하였다. 이에 따른 광투과, 광산란 특성과 전기적 특성의 변화를 조사하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.198-205
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• 2005

Recently, the systems using multiple sensors such as magnetic, acoustic and pressure sensor are used for detection of underwater objects or vehicles. Those systems have difficulty of maintenance and repair because they operate underwater. Thus, this paper describes a hybrid detection system with long term operating reliability. This has a multi-signal transmission structure to have a high reliability. First, a signal transmission & receiving part, which transfers data from underwater sensors to land and receive control message from land through optical cable, has 4 multi-path. Second, the nodes for signal transmission are connected dually each other with single-hop construction and sensors are connected to a couple of neighboring nodes. This enables the output signal to transmit from a node to the next node and the next but one node together. Also, the signal from a sensor can be transmitted to two nodes at the same time. Therefore, the system with this construction has high reliability in long term operation because it makes possible to transmit sensor data to another node which works normally although a transmission node or cable in system have some faults.

• 태양에너지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 1990

본 조사에서는 자연광(일광, 혹은 주광 : sunlight)을 도입하는데 있어 현휘(glare)나 강한 휘도군을 지양하고 하절기의 과열을 방지하여 쾌적한 생활 환경을 조성하는데 유용한 주광 제어 장치들의 종류와 특성에 대해 간략히 알아보고 이를 적용한 외국의 실제 예를 소개하였다. 특히, 미국 Utah주 Salt Lake City에 위치한 Johnson Controls사의 지사 건물은 자연채광의 한 방편으로 light shelf와 고창을 이용하여 에너지 절약과 실내 빛 환경의 개선을 도모한 좋은 표본이라 하겠다. 에너지 자원을 거의 수입에 의존하고 있는 우리의 실정을 감안한다면 우리도 이 분야에 대한 다각적인 검토와 연구가 이루어져 건물에너지의 절약을 꾀하여야 할 것이다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2005

고속으로 간섭피크의 위치를 찾기 위해 일련의 아날로그 신호처리를 수행하는 백색광간섭(WLI)센서용 신호처리 방식을 고안하고, 이를 WLI 온도센서 시스템에 적용하였다. 새로운 신호처리방식을 적용한 결과 잡음은 $0.019^{\circ}C/\sqrt{Hz}$로 측정되었으며, 선형성도 우수하였다. 그러나 보상용 간섭계에서의 온도변화가 센서출력의 드리프트로 나타났으며, 현재의 구성에서 드리프트의 온도 의존성은 $1.42{\mu}m/^{\circ}C$인 것으로 계산되었다. 또한 간섭피크간 간격이 광원의 가간섭길이에 비해 충분히 넓지 않은 경우 간섭무늬 피크의 간격과 신호처리기가 측정한 피크 간격과의 관계가 비선형적으로 나타날 수 있음도 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2013

We report the construction of a MALDI imaging mass spectrometer equipped with a specially designed laser focusing lens, a compact aspherical singlet lens, that obtains a high-lateral imaging resolution in the microprobe mode. The lens is specially designed to focus the ionization laser (${\lambda}$ = 355 nm) down to a $1{\mu}m$ diameter with a long working distance of 34.5 mm. With the lens being perpendicular to the sample surface and sharing the optical axis with the ion path, the imaging mass spectrometer achieved an imaging resolution of as good as $5{\mu}m$ along with a high detection sensitivity of 100 fmol for peptides. The mass resolution was about 900 (m/${\Delta}m$) in the linear TOF mode. The high-resolution capability of this instrument will provide a new research opportunity for label-free imaging studies of various samples including tissues and biochips, even for the study at a single cell level in the future.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.534-541
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• 1987

$Hg^{2+}$이온의 존재하에서 $[CoCl(Hedta)]^-$ 착이온에 대한 에틸렌디아민(en) 치환반응기구에 대해서 uv 및 CD스펙트럼을 이용하여 조사하였다. 속도론적인 자료로부터 $Hg^{2+}$ 이온이 금속과 작용하여 첫 en이 치환될때는 회합반응 경로를 거치며 제2, 제 3의 en은 단계적으로 치환됨을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 생성된 $[Co(en)_3]^{3+}$의 광학순도로 부터 광학수율을 결정짓는 적절한 중간체를 제시하여 치환반응에 대한 새로운 반응경로를 제시하였다.