• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Recently a new technology called the flexible-fiber deep-bed filter (FDF) claimed to replace the conventional sand filter including coagulation and sedimentation filter (CSF) processes in the water treatment plant. Therefore the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach was applied for evaluating the life cycle impacts of FDF compared with those of CSF. The used LCA softwares were the Simapro 6 and PASS and their life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methodologies were the Eco-indicator 99 and the Korean Eco-indicator, respectively. The goal of this LCA was to identify environmental loads of CSF and FDF from raw material to disposal stages. The scopes of the systems have been determined based on the experiences of existing CSF and FDF. The function was to remove suspended solids by filtration and the functional unit was $1\;m^3$/day. Both systems showed that most environmental impacts were occurred during the operation stage. To reduce the environmental impacts the coagulants and electricity consumptions need to be cut down. If the CSF was replaced with the FDF, the environmental impacts would be reduced in most of the impact categories. The LCA results of Korean Eco-indicator and Eco- indicator99 were quite different from each other due to the indwelling differences such as category indicators, impact categories, characterization factors, normalization values and weighting factors. This study showed that the life cycle assessment could be a valuable tool for evaluating the environmental impact of the new technology which was introduced in water treatment process.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.2043-2051
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• 2017

최근 빅데이터 분야의 높아진 관심과 더불어 빅데이터의 처리를 통한 응용 분야에 대한 관심도 높아지고 있다. 개인의 감성을 파악할 수 있는 오피니언마이닝은 사용자 개인 맞춤 서비스 제공 분야에서 많이 이용되고 있는 빅데이터 처리 기법이다. 이를 바탕으로 본 논문에서는 사용자들의 장소에 대한 텍스트 형태의 리뷰를 오피니언마이닝 기법으로 처리하고 k-means 클러스터링 작업을 통해 사용자의 감성을 분석하였다. 클러스터링 작업으로 분류된 비슷한 범주의 감성을 가진 사용자들끼리 동일한 수치 값을 부여한다. 부여된 수치 값으로 협업 필터링 추천 시스템을 이용해 선호도를 예측하고 예측 값이 높은 장소 순으로 지도위에 마커와 함께 내용을 표시하여 사용자에게 추천내용을 보여줄 수 있는 방안을 제안하였다.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.177-179
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• 2002

We have developed a scheduling system for heavy ion radiotherapy considering the condition of three treatment rooms and treatment planning for each patient. This system consists of a database (patient information, treatment method and machine schedule), a schedule for radiotherapy and WEB server. All operation of this system, such as data input, to change and to view the schedule, are performed by using a WEB browser. In order to protect personal information for the patients, access privilege to each information are limited by according to the occupational category. This system is connected with a hospital central information management system (AMIDAS) and an irradiation-managing computer for the heavy ion radiotherapy. A basic information for the patient is got from AMIDAS and the daily schedule sends to the treatment control computer at each treatment room through the irradiation-managing computer every morning. The daily, weekly, monthly schedules in the treatment room and the treatment condition of each patient are shared on the WEB browser with the all participants of the heavy ion therapy. This system could be useful to save a time to generate a treatment schedule and to inform us the most up-to-date treatment schedule and the related information at the same time.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3111-3116
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• 2016

Background: The goal of this study was to compare the rate of recurrence and occurrence of complications in colorectal cancer patients after two kinds of laparoscopy and laparotomy. Materials and Methods: A follow-up study was carried out among 358 patients who suffered from colorectal cancer from 2012-2014. The data were gathered from colorectal research center in Shiraz, Shahid Faghihi hospital, and analyzed using the chi-square test, logistic regression, and multinomial regression. Results: The average age of these patients was $56.3{\pm}14.6$, 55.0% being men. Moreover, 57.8% of them underwent laparoscopy surgery and 42.2% of the patients underwent laparotomysurgery and the conversion rate was 58.0% which ultimately was put under the category of laparotomy surgery. After biennial median follow-up, differences in the occurrence of complications such as bleeding (hemorrhage), fever, intestine blockage and wound infection in these two kinds of surgery werestatistically significant (P<0.05). However, the rate of recurrence and the patients' ultimate status (alive without disease, alive with disease, and death) did not significantly differ between these two surgery groups. Conclusions: Post-operation complications were laparoscopy surgery were less than those in laparotomy. However, the outcomes such as patients' ultimate status and recurrence were similar between the two groups.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.697-708
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to develop, implement, and evaluate an e-learning education program for improving practical knowledge and preventing nursing errors and adverse events of nurses working in the operating room (OR). Method: The e-learning program was developed and evaluated according to the following processes: 1) preparation phase 2) implementation phase 3) evaluation phase. In evaluation phase, the effectiveness was analyzed based on the Kirkpatrick's model. Results: The e-learning program consisted of OR basic nursing skills and techniques and nursing activities' manual based on the categories of nursing errors: surgical operation preparation, nursing skills and techniques, environment management, patient safety and comfort, and patient monitoring. The program was provided through on-line, http://cafe.daum.net/pnuhorn, for 4 weeks. The mean score(percent) of participants' satisfaction was $21.24{\pm}1.71$(68.2%). Their total knowledge level was significantly improved(Z=-3.00, p=.003) and specifically in the category of environment management(Z=-3.77, p<.001) and patient monitoring(Z=-2.46, p=.014). The occurrence of nursing errors or adverse events was a little decreased, but not statistically significant(Z=-3.10, p=.756). Conclusion: E-learning for nurses is one way of effective and efficient teaching-learning strategies. For better e-learning, it is important to develop the vital content of the education and objective measures for detecting nursing errors and adverse events.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.112-131
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to know experiences and process of patients' healing relation with nurses. This study had been conducted from July to September in 1994. The subjects were 7 patients who had hospitalized within 10 days at general surgery unit in C university hospital. The data were collected through in-depth interview and observation on the basis of Grounded Theory. In-depth interview were performed 3-6 times for each patient and taken 10-15 minutes at once. The result were as follows : (1) The main concepts are worry to operation, worry to hospital environment, worry to their children, worry to nurses, general appraisal, appraisal of appearance, appraisal of attitude, appraisal of nurses' response, appraisal of nurses' help, interest to patients, appraisal of explanation, appraisal of direct nursing, appraisal of nursing role, appraisal of nursing fairness, empathy, feeling of jung, discontent exposure, content, rapport. (Jung is a unique feeling that appeared in only korean culture) (2) The main categories are worry, general appraisal, concrete appraisal, empathy, and rapport. (3) These process is worry, appraisal, empathy, and rapport in the order. (4) The core category is the need of relation formation. The hospitalized patients have had need of relation formation with nurses. In order to satisfy this need, patients in the early of hospitalization had the worries to nurses, hospital environment, their children and themselves. The more patients have information about themselves, the more they have worries. In addition to, patients have general appraisal through the first impression or feeling to nurses. A time goes by, general appraisal has changed concrete appraisal. High educated group (above bachelor degree) have expressed concretely and variousely their needs. The patients who have empathy to nurses are content with nurses and form rapport to be shown frankly thier discontents. Therefore, patients' healing relation formation is the process of being filled up the need of relation formaton with Nurses. As mentioned above, researcher suggests that nurses need study nursing strategies to make earlier the last phase of the healing relation formation, rapport.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2003년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.1015-1020
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• 2003

생체정보를 활용하여 개인정보를 보호하는 기술 가운데 화자증명은 다양한 사용편의성과 구현비용 면에서 이점을 갖고 있어 폭넓은 활용이 기대된다. 화자증명은 증명성능의 신뢰성, 음성문장 사용의 유연성, 증명시스템 복잡도의 효율성 면에서 높은 수준을 달성해야 한다. 지속음은 화자 구별력이 뛰어나며 구별되는 종류가 한정적이고, MLP(multilayer perceptron)는 높은 패턴인식률과 신속한 동작성능을 갖고 있어 화자증명 시스템이 이와 같은 특성을 달성하기 위한 유력한 수단을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 지속음과 MLP를 적용한 시스템을 구현하고 한국어 음성 데이터베이스를 이용하여 이 시스템의 성능을 측정하고 분석한다. 실험의 결과는 지속음이 세 가지 특성에 대해 우수한 효과를 가지며 MLP가 높은 신뢰성과 효율성을 달성하는 데 실질적인 도움이 됨을 확인한다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.133-143
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• 2009

차세대 수치지도 수시갱신 시스템은 효율적인 수시갱신 체계를 구축하고 데이터의 최신성을 유지하며 고품질의 서비스와 효율적 관리를 수행하기 위한 시스템으로 기존 도엽단위의 수치지도 뿐만 아니라 객체 기반 연속 수치지도의 수시갱신이 가능하도록 시스템이 설계되었으며, 이에 따라 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 차세대 수치지도 수시갱신 시스템의 활용 방안 제시 및 경쟁력 확보에 기여하고자 차세대 수치지도 수시갱신 시스템에 대하여 객체기반의 연속 수치지도 및 도엽단위 수치지도의 갱신 실험을 수행하여 시스템 운영에 따른 문제점과 개선사항을 제시하였다. 또한 국토지리정보원을 대상으로 시스템 도입에 따른 비용 및 편익에 대한 분석을 수행하여 차세대 수치지도 수시갱신 시스템의 경제성에 대한 분석을 수행하였다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2015

측량기준점은 측량을 포함한 지형공간정보의 생산 및 구축과정에 있어서 기본이 되는 매우 중요한 지형공간정보이다. 현재 우리나라의 측량기준점은 국가기준점, 공공기준점, 지적기준점으로 분류되며 생산, 관리, 운영의 주체가 측량기준점의 종류에 따라 다르다. 또한 측량기준점에 대한 일관된 형식 또는 표준이 정의되지 않아 측량기준점에서 제공되는 기본적인 정보가 상이하고, 측량기준점 간의 연계, 통합 활용 및 관리, 운영이 어려운 실정이었다. 따라서 측량기준점의 효율적인 생산, 관리, 운영, 유통을 위한 표준의 제정이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 측량기준점의 운영현황을 조사하여 표준의 작성을 위한 측량기준점의 대상을 선정하고, 국내 외의 측량기준점의 성과항목을 조사하여 측량기준점의 표준화 항목과 관리 데이터모델을 결정함으로써 기관표준 및 TTA표준을 제정하고 이를 활성화 할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.220-223
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• 1993

Administration of local anesthetics or morphine through epidural space has the effect of curbing postoperative increases in endocrine hormone. Other benefits include improving metabolic reaction and eliminating postoperative pain. However, repeated administration of local anesthetics through epidural space causes tachyphylaxis, and the unstable blockade of sensory nerve resulting in insufficient analgesia. Morphine has excellent postoperative analgesic effect, but complications including: itching, nausea, vomiting, urinary retention and respiratory depression may be associated with its administration. Sixty patients that fall into the category of ASA class I and II were randomly selected for the purpose of the experiment. Thirty patients were give 4 mg of morphine and the rest, 4 mg of morphine plus 80 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine administered through epidural space with the Baxter infuser. Analgesic effect was satisfactory in both groups. On the day of operation, the effect was stronger in group I (P<0.05) and on postoperative second day, group II showed better analgesic effect (P < 0.05). Group II had more patients who complained of itching (P < 0.05). Other complications were statistically insignificant. The findings indicate that administration of morphine through epidural space for postoperative pain management is an effective procedure. Baxter infuser was found to be very instrumental in pain control while reducing the chance of complications.