• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.168-169
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• 2004

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.117-126
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• 1999

The purpose of this thesis is to research the applicatuion of moving typography whcih was analyzed and introduced in Opening Credit of Movies. There are four proposals to apply this plan which was derived from the movement of image transmission and enlargement of the main part. First; By providing a motion to a keyword from a text-based screen, it can enhance the importance of the main part. Second; Use a differentiated CUI (Character User Interface) as a button in order to form the flow data in data sort. Third; The meaining of unknown letters can be conveyed by adding a motion to letter. Fourth; The conveyance of meaning and the visual image transmission method can be used.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.41
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• pp.103-132
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• 2009

In international sales of goods, the buyer must pay the price for the goods as required by the contract and CISG, The buyer's this obligation includes taking such steps and complying with such formalities as may be required under the contract, which includes providing the seller with relevant letter of credit through the issuing bank. Where the parties have not stipulated the time limit within which the credit should be opened, but there is an agreed date or period for shipment, the time limit for the L/C opening should be calculated back from the agreed date of shipment or the first date of shipment, while, in addition, the buyer should open the L/C sufficiently earlier than the shipment date in order for the seller to be able to know the L/C's opening before beginning to ship the goods. The L/C provided the buyer should conform to the contract of sale. Therefore, for example, when an unconfirmed L/C is provided violating the agreement or the L/C opened states that, under a FOB contract, a "freght prepaid" bill of lading shall be presented as a required document of the L/C, the buyer has failed to perform his obligation. If the buyer fails to perform his obligations to provide the letter of credit, the seller may require the buyer to perform that obligation; may fix an additional period of time of reasonable length for performance of the obligation; or, the seller may declare the contract avoided, if the failure amounts to a fundamental breach of contract, or if the buyer does not, within the additional period of time fixed by the seller, perform the obligation; and the seller claim damages. However, when a relevant L/C has been issued for the seller, as a rule, he cannot ask directly for the buyer to pay the price before avail himself of the L/C first.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.4
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• pp.65-85
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• 1992

The air waybill is supposed to be made out by the consignor. If the carrier makes it out, he is deemed, subject to proof to the contrary, to have done so on behalf of the consignor. The air waybill shall be made out in three original parts. The first part shall be marked "for the carrier", and shall be signed by the consignor. The second part shall be marked "for the consignee", it shall be signed by the consignor and by the carrier and shall accompany the goods. The third part shall be signed by the carrier and handed by him to the consignor, after the goods have been accepted. According to the original Warsow Convention article 8, the air waybill must contain 17 particulars or items. However, the Hague Protocol reduced to three the number of particulars required to appear on the air waybill. Only one item is obligatory, namely, the notice that the carriage is subject to the rules of the Warsaw Convention. The absence of the air waybill entails unlimited liability of the carrier because it deprives him of the right to avail himself of the provisions of the Warsaw Convention which exclude or limit his liability. The consignor shall be liable for all damages suffered by the carrier or any other person by reason of the irregularity, incorrectness or incompleteness of the particulars and statements in the air waybill. Although the contract of the carriage of goods by air is not a formal contract, the document of carriage is issued. The issue of air wayhill is not essential for the existence or validity of the contract, but serves merely as a means of proof. The Hague Protocol has lessened the consequences of the carrier's neglect to faithfully accomplish the required formalities. Henceforth, these formalities no longer constitute legal obligations. The air waybill is the consignment note used for the carriage of goods by air. It is often called an air consignment note and is not a document of title or transferable/negotiable instrument. It is basically a receipt for the goods for despatch and is prima facie evidence of the conditions of carriage. Each of the original parts of the air waybill has evidential value and possession of his part is a condition for the exercise by the consignor or cosignee of his rights under the contract of carriage. Oveall, it is an usage that under a documentary letter of credit, the consignee on the air waybill is the opening bank of the letter of credit, and the notify party is the importer who applied for the letter of credit. In Korea there is an usage as to process of cargo delivery in air transportation as follows: The carrier carries the cargo into the bonded area of the airport and gives both the notice of arrival of the cargo and the consignee's air waybill to the notify party who is the importer. Then the notify party obtains the Letter of Guarantee from the opening bank in exchange for reimbursing the amount of the letter of credit or tendering the security therefor to the opening bank. The notify party then presents this document to the customs authorities for the process of customs clearance. The opening bank becomes a consignee only to ensure repayment of the funds it has expended, and the only interest of the opening bank as consignee is the reimbursement of the money paid to the exporter under the documentary letter of credit. Just as the bill of lading in maritime law, the air waybill has always been considered negotiable although the Warsaw Convention does not emphasize this aspect of negotiability. However, the Hague Protocol article 4 corrected the situation by stating that "nothing in this Convention prevents the issue of a negotiable air waybill." This provision officially recognizes that the air waybill must meet the needs of the present day business circles by being a negotiable instrument. Meanwhile, Montreal Additional Protocol no. 4 has brought important changes. Registration by computer is acceptable and the parties to the contract of carriage are allowed to replace the air waybill with a receipt for the goods. In conclusion, as the Warsaw Convention has not details of provisions relating to the issuing of the negotiable air waybill, it is hoped that there should be supplement to the Warsaw Convention and establishment of international commercial usage with regard to the negotiable air waybill.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.255-276
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions, demands, operation problems of teacher librarians for the implementation of the high school credit system. 153 teacher librarians working in high schools participated in the online survey, and statistical analysis was conducted Teacher librarians had a high understanding of the high school credit system, and the demand for elective courses management was high. In particular, teacher librarians working at research schools had a higher understanding of the high school credit system and the operating foundation than those in general schools. Lack of awareness of the educational role of students and teachers toward teacher librarians was recognized as the biggest problem in the elective course management and there was no difference according to the background variables of the teacher librarian as gender, region, experience. On the basis of this result, it is suggested and discussed that developing high school credit system training program for teacher librarians, opening of elective courses related to reading, media, and information literacy skills and developing textbook, and instituting mandatory completion courses related to reading, media, and information literacy skills in pre-teacher training course.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.281-289
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• 2020

This research analyses the challenges facing SMEs in Oman in their quest for internationalization. The study is based on the OECD Model of Internationalization put forward in the report titled "How to Foster the Internationalization of SMEs through the Pacific Alliance Integration Process" which focuses on four factors namely finance, business environment, firm capabilities and market access, which are appropriate for an emerging economy like Oman. This study used a descriptive and quantitative research design in attempting to analyze the challenges being faced by Omani SMEs in their endeavors to internationalize. The research investigates causal relationship between variables using positivist and deductive approach. Data collected from 102 respondents was analysed by Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) using AMOS. It was found that finance availability was the most significant predictor of internationalization challenges followed by market access and business environment, while firm capabilities had no impact. Thus SMEs need easier access to credit and have to develop their international business networks and their marketing capabilities in order to grow internationally. Keeping in mind the contribution made by SMEs the government has to intervene by opening up easy lines of credit to SME exporters and allowing them relaxations in customs and other duties.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.4 s.57
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• pp.604-621
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• 2005

The purpose of this study were to analyse the consciousness of persons in charge of fashion industries and to provide some basis data for development of the fashion internship program which could reduce differentiation between fashion colleges and fashion companies. Fifty national fashion brands had been randomly selected and question researches had done from August twenty-seventh to October thirtieth by the visit, mail, fax and e-mail etc. Date analyses were conducted with SPSS program on the frequency, t-test and ANOVA. The results were as follows. The companies selected interns by documents and interview, however, in the future they will prefer to accept interns by appraising some task. They preferred to apprentice for two months with some simple job and tasks. The companies wanted some prerequisite study such as major curriculum, human nature education, computer education. And each division wanted different curriculum. They wanted to be joined with industrial disaster insurance for intern and to be given allowance and credit. They also preferred reputation ratio of industry : college as $70\%$ : $30\%$ for intern reputation. There were some vitalizing method of fashion internship such as discriminated fashion internship program, government support for industries, universities and students, organization opening to connect industry and . university, mentor-system and credit system introducing, curriculum reforming in the university.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze current educational requirements related to genetics curriculum(from June 2002 to September 2002) established at nursing institutions and to provide the basic data for the development of genetics science program at the undergraduate. Subjects of this study were comprised of twenty-three colleges of nursing in 4-year baccalaureate and thirty colleges in 3-year diploma programs. The results of this study were as follows : 1) 32 colleges offer courses related to genetics. 29 among 32 colleges have that integrated. Three schools have established completely independent courses of genetics. 21 colleges do not have any courses dealing with genetics. 2) The contents of courses related to genetics include: Congenital abnormalities, chromosomal aberrations, congenital metabolic disease, prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling, genes and chromosomes, immune genetics, blood type and genetics, rule of genetics, variation in gene expression, the map of the human gene, gene linkage genetics, interaction of genes, single inheritance in order and genetic biochemistry. 3) For course credit, 14colleges(48.3%) offered at most 1 credit per course. The grade of student who can take the course, 51.7% were in their second year while 37.9% were in their third year. The majors of nursing faculty who taught the course were nursing(51.7%) and basic nursing science(17.2%). 4) As far as the need of opening the courses related to genetics, 36 colleges(67.0%) have made a 'need', 12 schools(22.6%) state 'dose not need'. 711e reason for need were the following development of bio engineering, increase number of patients who are related to genetics, recognition of the need in clinical nursing. 7 schools(13.2%) agreed to offer independent course in genetics but 39 schools(73.6%) are in disagreement with that. When the school offers the course with other courses, 27 schools(50.0%) are opening basic nursing science and 14 schools(26.4%) are opening nursing as an integrated courses. If the name of course was either genetic nursing(34.0%) or genetics(28.3%), the credits for the course was one or 2 credits. 33 schools(62.3%) students were in the first or second years. 41 schools(84.9%), the majors of the faculty who had taught the course were either basic nursing science(35.8%), nursing(28.3%) or basic medicine(24.5%). The contents of the course should include in that order: Chromosome aberrations, prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling, congenital metabolic disease, congenital abnormalities, genes and chromosomes, the rules of genetics, immune genetics, interaction of genes, variation in gene expression, etc. The results and discussions of the study indicate that the entire curriculums need to be investigated with respect to contents of education, nursing curriculums and name of courses because of the increasing need of knowledge related to genetics in the clinical practice.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.53-64
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• 2017

Korean Identification card or driver license is usually used to verify one's identity in Korea. These are also used as an adult certification. Since the form of these ID card is an analog and it needs to be checked with naked eyes, it might be used maliciously. Someone who's got someone else's ID card can do other things. Therefore, it must be reported rapidly when ID card is lost or stolen. The most serious problem might be occurred when they do not recognize and report the loss. They might suffer from pecuniary or mental damage such as opening a mobile phone service, providing loan or credit card, opening a personal checking account, etc. Thus, this study suggests and compares the ways of avoiding these problems. First, the most effective way is to send the authorization code via mobile phones in consideration of build-up period and cost. The person in charge of business processing department using ID card sends the authorization code via registered mobile phone. The owners submits it to the person and their identifications are confirmed. Next effective way is that the person in charge of business processing department using ID card sends text messages via registered mobile phone. Lastly, the most ineffective way is to introduce and implement the electronic ID card ultimately even though it is expensive and takes a long time to build up the system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.378-386
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• 2015

This study is to find out awareness of necessity of opening independent clinic for the PT and the effect of PT's professionalism according to Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Physical Therapist(SDCPT). The methods of this study are a survey with 253 physical therapists(PT) who live in Seoul or Gyeonggi, Korea, 2015. This study focus on SDCPT. As a result, PT was aware of the legal modifications needed for opening independent clinic regardless of the socio-demographic characteristics of them. It found that professionalism of PT does not show higher level. But, who has more age, clinical experience, higher level of education and main interesting field of physical, they have been given credit for high level of professionalism, irrespective of where they have worked. The conclusion is that PT recognized necessity of the legal modification to allow for them to open their own clinic. However, at this moment the level of PT's professionalism recognized by law was not enough to let them open their independent clinic.