• Title/Summary/Keyword: Open coding

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An Immunological Approach to ABA Receptor and its Gene

  • Xie Zhou;Jin, Zhen-hua;Zheng, Zhi-fu;Kai Xia;Zhang, Neng-gang;Wan, Yin-sheng;Sang, Yong-ming;Chen, Kao-shan;Liu, Shi-ming
    • Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1996.06a
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    • pp.68-78
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    • 1996
  • Two types of immunoloigcal probes, anti-ABBP Abs, have been developed. The purified ABBP from ABA-C1-BSA-sepharose 4B column was identified by PAGE and appeared in one band of about 56KD, as well as showed a specific binding ability and a high affinity for ABA (Kd2.0$\times$10-9 mol/L). Unexpectedly, the existence of rRNA with a length of around 300 nucleotides could be found, when the ABBP was digested with proteinase K and identified by eletrophorsis on an agarose gel (1%). As a result, about 120 cDNA clones coding maize 17s RNA and only one cDNA clone coding ABBP (24cDNA) were obtained from 200,000 seperated phage plaques by the anti-ABBP pAbs. 24cDNA had 1075bp and contained an open reading frame coding 254 amino acids. The anti-idiotypic Ab raised against an ABA MAb showed the ability of either mimicking ABA or competing with ABA. The localization of ABBPs in plant cell was investigated.

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A Study on the FSK Synchronization and MODEM Techniques for Mobile Communication Part II : Performance Analysis and Design of The FSK MODEM (이동통신을 위한 FSK 동기 및 변복조기술에 관한 연구 II부. FSK 모뎀 설계 및 성능평가)

  • Kim, Gi-Yun;Choe, Hyeong-Jin;Jo, Byeong-Hak
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.9-17
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    • 2000
  • In this paper we implement computer simulation system of 4FSK signal MODEM using Quadrature detector and analyze overall tranceiver system. We follow the FLEX wireless paging system standards and construct premodulation filter and data frame. We propose an efficient open loop symbol timing recovery algorithm which takes advantage of 128 bit length preamble pattern and also propose a 32 bit UW pattern which Is based on the optimal UW detection method, and excellent aperiodic autocorrelation characteristic. The BER simulation in the fading channel as well as AWGN is performed with BCH coding and Interleaving to the Quadrature detector system and it is shown that a high coding fain occurs in the fading channel rather than AWGN channel.

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Adjustment Process of Hemodialysis Patients : A Grounded Theory Approach (혈액투석환자의 적응과정 경험)

  • Kim, Hyo-Bin
    • The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.217-225
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    • 2002
  • Purpose : This research is aimed at developing a substantive theory related to the experience of adjustmented hemodialysis patients by identifying and analyzing the nature, process, and types of adjustment experienced by them. For this purpose, this study takes a grounded theory approach. Method : Data were collected from April, 2002 through September, 2002 through in-depth interviews and close observations of eleven hemodialysis patients who have experienced adjustment. With their consent, the interviews were recorded by audio tapes and later transcribed. Observation memos were also prepared on the subjects' behavior during the interviews. Data collection continued until saturated. The data were analyzed into concepts, subcategories, and categories with the open coding process. The axial coding was done to identify the relationships of the concepts and categories. And the selective coding was done to develop a core category, which is the central phenomenon of the hemodialysis patients who experienced adjustment. Result : This process resulted in 88 concepts, which may be grouped into 24 subcategories and 6 core categories. The 6 categories, in fact, depict the process of changes the patients experience from the sense of crisis, self-control, new life meaning, support system, coping ability, and quality of life improvement. And its core is self-control, which encompasses the dynamic stages from recognition, change attempts, belief solidification, and empowerment. Conclusion : The results of the research offer the following implications. First, research on adjustment is a formative stage in nursing, it is imperative for nursing researchers to develop them, which may be more relevant to nursing. Second, it is important to develop nursing intervention techniques that may be most effective in adjustment of hemodialysis patients and at the same time for each stage of changes taking place in adjustmented hemodialysis patients.

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Expression and DNA Sequence of the Gene Coding for the lux-specific Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase from photobacterium phosphoreum

  • Lee, Chan-Yong;Edward A. Meighen
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.80-87
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    • 2000
  • The nucleotide sequence of the luxC gene coding for lux-specific fatty acyl-CoA reductase and the upstream DNA (325bp)of the structural gene from bioluminescent bacterium, Photobacterium phosphoreum, has been deternubed. An open reading frame extending for more than 20 codons in 325 bp DNA upstream of luxC was not present in both directions. The lux gene can be translated into a polypeptide of 54 kDa and the amino acid sequences of lux specific reductases of P. phosphoreum shares 80, 65, 58, and 62% identity with those of the Photobacterium leiognathi, Vibrio fischeri, Vibrio harveyi, and Xehnorhabdus luminescenens reductases, respectively. Analyses of codon usage, showing that a high frequency (2.3%) of the isoleucine codon, AUA, in the luxC gene compared to that found in Escherichia coli genes (0.2%) and its absence in the luxA and B genes, suggested that the AUA codon may play a modulator role in the expression of lux gene in E. coli. The structural genes (luxC, D, A, B, E) of the P. phosphoreum coding for luciferase (${\alpha}$,${\beta}$) and fatty acid reductase (r, s, t) polypeptides can be expressed exclusively in E. coli under the T7 phage RNA polymerase/promoter system and identificationof the [35S]methionine labelled polypeptide products. The degree of expression of lux genes in analyses of codon usage. High expression of the luxC gene could only be accomplished in a mutant E. coli 43R. Even in crude extracts, the acylated acyl-CoA reductase intermediate as well as acyl-CoA reductrase activities could be readily detected.

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A Study on the Partnership Conflict of Damyang Samdari Village Using the Grounded Theory - For Damyang Samdari Village, No.4 National Important Agriculture Heritage - (근거이론을 활용한 담양 삼다리마을 지역주민의 파트너십 갈등 연구 - 국가중요농업유산 제 4호, 담양 대나무밭을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Young-Rang;Kim, Eun-Sol;Lee, Tae-Gyeom
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.41-52
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the conflict between residents and governments in partnership arising from the designation of National Important Agricultural Heritage for Damyang Samdari village and to suggest directions for improvement. To this end, residents of Samdari Village in Damyang, designated as an important national agricultural heritage, were interviewed. Interviews were analyzed through grounded theory, categorized into open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, and a paradigm model was constructed. Through this, the central phenomena of resident participation patterns currently appearing in the village were identified, and causal, contextual, and intervening conditions were analyzed. Causal conditions were analyzed as one-sided administrative treatment, assortment matching project, one-time plan, excessive dependence of residents and economic damages of residents at the beginning of the designation of national important agricultural heritage. As a result, conflict between residents and local governments occurred as a central phenomenon, and contextual conditions such as decline in the competitive of bamboo resources and frequent change in managers were also affecting the central phenomenon. As intervening conditions to alleviate the central phenomenon, there are local government's purchase of bamboo fields and fragmentary business effects. The action taken by the residents and officials in response to a fixed conflict is called an action-interaction strategy. Residents refused to change and settled in reality, and local governments avoided conflict. From the beginning of the designation to the present, the villagers gradually lost interest in the National Important Agricultural Heritage due to problems and conflicts that occurred in the process of forming a partnership in the National Important Agricultural Heritage project. Based on the analyzed model, a plan to build the partnership standards on Damyang bamboo field to secure the sustainability of the field and increase the practicality of resident participation, that is partnership, was suggested.

Re-entry Experiences to Socialization of Female Ex-Offender : Based on Grounded Theory Methodology (여성출소자의 사회재진입 경험에 관한 근거이론 연구)

  • Lee, A-Reum;Kim, Mi-Hyun;Lee, Dong-Hun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.388-409
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    • 2017
  • This study was to explore experiences of Female Ex-offender's re-entry process to socialization. For this, 9 female ex-offenders who receive housing support by the Korea Rehabilitation Agency were interviewed and the Strauss and Corbin's ground theory is used to approach to the data. In open coding, 88 concepts, 33 subcategories, and 15categories emerged from the data. In axial coding, central phenomenon were 'indulge in self pity', 'being isolated female ex-offender'. Intervention condition was 'human cooperation system'. Strategies were 'increase the receptiveness', 'establish the foundation'. Consequences were 'finding the stability in the life', 'changing the life direction'. In selective coding, main theme was 'overcome social stigma through changing life-direction and acclimate to society', and four phases were derived from the data. Based upon this results outcome, need of female ex-offender in the process of social transition and their experience were discussed.

The Effect of Compassion on Job Performance: Focusing on the Creating Research Model through Qualitative Research (공감(compassion)이 업무성과에 미치는 영향 : 질적 연구를 통한 연구모형 개발을 중심으로)

  • Ko, Sung-Hoon
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.65-74
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to reveal the causal relationship between core categories experienced by firefighters in the organization based on the grounded theory as a method of qualitative research. In this study, we interviewed 50 firefighter information providers who work in Seoul in 2014, 2017, and 2018, and conducted a research model that shows the causal relationship of core categories through open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. As a result, compassion experienced by information providers is revealed as a core category, and this compassion has a positive effect on positive work related identity, collective self esteem, and job performance. Therefore, the theoretical implication of this study is that it has derived a research model that shows the causal relationship between compassion and job performance based on grounded theory as a qualitative research methodology. This study will contribute to the formation of the organizational culture that enables firefighters who desperately need compassion in the fire department organization to more actively exchange compassionate actions.

A Study on the Perception of Job Experts on Data-based HR Management (데이터 기반 인사관리에 관한 직무전문가 인식 고찰)

  • Koo, Jung-Mo
    • Journal of Industrial Convergence
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    • v.20 no.7
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 2022
  • There is a growing perception that HR management that streamlines corporate resources is necessary to retain competitive advantage. In this study, data-based HR management is focused on the perception of HR job experts and data-based HR management execution and utilization prospects at corporate sites. The subjects of the study were three HR planning/management job experts of three firms specializing in IT services in Pangyo, and focused on identifying data-based HR management execution, measurement, analysis tools, and utilization level. As a research method, open coding, axis coding, selective coding procedure based on evidence theory was presented. As a result of in-depth interviews, corporate HR management measurement indicators were divided into three areas: employee, productivity, and culture. Through this study, it was possible to find the significance of perception of the company site as to what measurement tools and mechanisms the company implemented and measured the effectiveness and efficiency of HR management.

Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Coding for a Dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-742CB (Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-742CB로부터 Dextransucrase를 Coding하는 유전자 분리 및 특성 연구)

  • 박미란;이소영;류화자;김호상;강희경;유선균;조성용;조동련;김도만
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.188-199
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    • 2001
  • A gene encoding the dextransucrase(dsCB) that synthesizes mostly $\alpha-(1\rightarrow6)$ linked dextran with low amount(10%) of $\alpha-(1\rightarrow3)$ branching was cloned and sequenced from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-742CB. The 6.1 kbp DNA fragment carrying dsCB showed one open reading frame(ORF) composed of 4,536bp. The deduced amino acid sequence shows that it begins from the start codon(ATG) at position 698 of the cloned DNA fragment and extends to the termination condon(TAA) at position 5,223. The enzyme is consisted of 1,508 amino acids and has an calculated molecular mass of 168.6kDa. This calculated Mw was in good agreement with an activity band of 170kDa on non-denaturing SDS-PAGE. A recombinant E. coli DH5 $alpha$ harboring pDSCB produced extracellular dextransucrase in 2% sucrose medium, and synthesized both soluble and insoluble dextran. To compare the properties of enzyme with B-742CB dextransucrase, the acceptor reaction, hydrolysis of dextran and methylation were performed. The expressed enzyme showed the same properties as B-742CB dextransucrease, but its ability to synthesize $\alpha-(1\rightarrow3)$ branching was lower than that of B-742CB dextransucrase. In order to identify the critical amino acid residues known as conserved regions related to catalytic activity, Asp-492 was replaced with Asn. D492N resulted in a 1.6 fold decrease in specific activity.

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Sequencing of cDNA Clones Expressed in Adipose Tissues of Korean Cattle

  • Bong, J.J.;Tong, K.;Cho, K.K.;Baik, M.G.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.483-489
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    • 2005
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate intramuscular fat deposition and its release, cDNA clones expressed in adipose tissues of Korean cattle were identified by differential screening from adipose tissue cDNA library. By partial nucleotide sequencing of 486 clones and a search for sequence similarity in NCBI nucleotide databases, 245 clones revealed unique clones. By a functional grouping of the clones, 14% of the clones were categorized to metabolism and enzyme-related group (stearoyl CoA desaturase, lactate dehydrogenase, fatty acid synthase, ATP citrate lyase, lipoprotein lipase, acetyl CoA synthetase, etc), and 6% to signal transduction/cell cycle-related group (C/EBP, cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, calmodulin, cyclin G1, cyclin H, etc), and 4% to cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components (vimentin, ankyrin 2, gelosin, syntenin, talin, prefoldin 5). The obtained 245 clones will be useful to study lipid metabolism and signal transduction pathway in adipose tissues and to study obesity in human. Some clones were subjected to full-sequencing containing open reading frame. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human prefoldin 5 gene had a total length of 959 nucleotides coding for 139 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine prefoldin 5 with those of human and mouse showed over 95% identity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human ubiquitin-like/S30 ribosomal fusion protein gene had a total length of 484 nucleotides coding for 133 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine ubiquitin-like/S30 ribosomal fusion protein gene with those of human, rat and mouse showed over 97% identity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human proteolipid protein 2 mRNA had a total length of 928 nucleotides coding for 152 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine proteolipid protein 2 with those of human and mouse showed 87.5% similarity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of rat thymosin beta 4 had a total length of 602 nucleotides coding for 44 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine thymosin beta 4 gene with those of human, mouse and rat showed 93.1% similarity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human myotrophin mRNA had a total length of 790 nucleotides coding for 118 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine myotrophin gene with those of human, mouse and rat showed 83.9% similarity. The functional role of these clones in adipose tissues needs to be established.