• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2020

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) patients may experience emotional withdrawal during their growth period due to their abnormal facial appearance. Distraction osteogenesis at an early age to improve their appearance can encourage these patients. Some abnormalities of the affected side can be overcome by distraction osteogenesis at an early age. However, differences in the growth rate between the affected and unaffected sides during the rest of the growth period are inevitable due to the characteristics of HFM. Therefore, re-evaluation should be performed after completion of growth in order to achieve stable occlusion through either orthognathic surgery or camouflage orthodontic treatment. An eight-year-old patient visited the clinic exhibiting features of HFM with slight mandibular involvement. He received phase I treatment with distraction osteogenesis and a functional appliance. Distraction osteogenesis was performed at the right ramus, which resulted in an open bite at the right posterior dentition. After distraction osteogenesis, a functional appliance and partial fixed appliance were used to achieve extrusion of the affected posterior dentition and settlement of the occlusion adjustment on the unaffected posterior dentition. The patient visited the clinic regularly for follow-up assessments, and at the age of 20 years, he showed facial asymmetry of the mandible, which had deviated to the right side. He received orthodontic treatment to improve the occlusion of his posterior dentition after the growth period. Without orthognathic surgery, stable occlusion and a satisfactory facial appearance were obtained through camouflage orthodontic treatment.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.37-49
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• 1992

80 patients who presented at Wonkwang University Dental Hospital with craniomandibular disorders were collected for this study. To observe the occlusal contact pattern such as contact numbers, contact force and presence or absence of anterior occlusal contact, the author used T-Scan system (Tekscan, Inc, U.S.A.) with are computerized occlusal analysing system. And to study the correlation between craniofacial profile and occlusal contact pattern, cephalogram were also taken, The cephalometric items related to growth pattern, jaw bone relation and denture pattern were measured and analysed according to routine method by computerized program. The obtained data were statistically processed with SPSS/PC+ package about anterior contact pattern and its craniofacial relationship. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In terms of growth pattern, patients without anterior tooth contacts showed a tendency to downward growth of craniofacial profile. The value in this subjects were significantly different from the value of patients with anterior tooth contacts in items of low gonial angle, Jarabak ratio, SN to GoMe angle, FMA, occlusal plane to mandibular plane angle and ramus height. 2. In terms of jaw bone relationship, patients without anterior tooth contacts showed a tendency to backward growth of craniofacial profile. The value of this patients were significantly different from the value of patients with anterior tooth contacts in items of SNB, ANB, mandibular plane to anterior cranial base ratio, SNPo, NAPo and APDI items. 3. But in denture pattern, no statistically significant difference by the presence or absence of anterior tooth contacts were showed between this patients groups. 4. From this study, it could be proposed that anterior open bite in the patients with craniomandibular disorders would be originated from not dental discrepancy but skeletal discrepancy.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.407-414
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• 2017

Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of performing a second, repeat anterior maxillary distraction (AMD) to treat residual cleft maxillary hypoplasia. Materials and Methods: Five patients between the ages of 12 to 15 years with a history of AMD and with residual cleft maxillary hypoplasia were included in the study. Inclusion was irrespective of gender, type of cleft lip and palate, and the amount of advancement needed. Repeat AMD was executed in these patients 4 to 5 years after the primary AMD procedure to correct the cleft maxillary hypoplasia that had developed since the initial procedure. Orthopantomogram (OPG) and lateral cephalograms were taken for evaluation preoperatively, immediately after distraction, after consolidation, and one year postoperatively. The data obtained was tabulated and a Mann Whitney U-test was used for statistical comparisons. Results: At the time of presentation, a residual maxillary hypoplasia was observed with a well maintained distraction gap on the OPG which ruled out the occurrence of a relapse. Favorable movement of the segments without any resistance was seen in all patients. Mean maxillary advancement of 10.56 mm was achieved at repeat AMD. Statistically significant increases in midfacial length, SNA angle, and nasion perpendicular to point A distance was achieved (P=0.012, P=0.011, and P=0.012, respectively). Good profile was achieved for all patients. Minimal transient complications, for example anterior open bite and bleeding episodes, were managed. Conclusion: Addressing the problem of cleft maxillary hypoplasia at an early age (12-15 years) is beneficial for the child. Residual hypoplasia may develop in some patients, which may require additional corrective procedures. The results of our study show that AMD can be repeated when residual deformity develops with the previous procedure having no negative impact on the results of the repeat procedure.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.111-114
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• 2005

A 15-year-old patient, who had been diagnosed and treated as Burkitt cell type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-L3) already, visited our department. He complained of gingival enlargement and loosening teeth 1 month ago. The clinical examination revealed anterior open bite, gingival enlargement, and nontender swelling particularly in molar regions of both jaws. Deep periodontal pockets and severe mobility was shown on most of the teeth. The panoramic radiographs showed severe bone destruction and extrusion of the molars. The contrast enhanced CT showed multiple enhanced mass and bone marrow obliteration in both jaws. Chemotherapy was done and the swelling was subsided at 1 month later. In conclusion, radiologic findings of leukemia with soft tissue mass, known as chloroma or granulocytic sarcoma, mimic those of lymphoma, so blood test may be needed for the final diagnosis.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.272-282
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• 2007

본 연구의 목적은 구순이 이완되도록 개구한 상태(relaxed lip position)에서 촬영한 측모 두부방사선사진과 일반적으로 채득하는 중심교합위에서 입술을 다문 상태(closed lip position)의 측모 두부방사선 사진에서 비순각의 변화 양상을 비교하여 안모 분석 시 relaxed lip position의 중요성을 검토하는 것이다. 전치부 반대교합을 보이는 골격성 III급 부정교합 성인환자(평균 23.3세) 60명(남자 35명, 여자 25명)을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 구순이 이완되도록 개구한 상태에서와 중심교합 상태에서의 비순각 차이를 비교한 결과 유의성 있는 차이가 있었으며, 비순각의 변화량 사이의 유사성을 기준으로 좀 더 객관적으로 분류하여 분석하고자 군집분석을 통해 제1군(27명, 45%, 구순 이완시 비순각이 감소하는 군), 제2군(30명, 50%, 구순 이완 시 비순각이 증가하는 군), 제3군(3명, 5%, 구순 이완 시 비순각이 예외적으로 크게 증가하는 군)으로 분류하였다. 제1군에서는 상순이 전체적으로 후방 이동되며 비순각은 변화가 없거나 오히려 감소하였으며, 제2군에서는 상순이 후하방 회전되며 비순각이 증가하였다. 제3군에서는 상순이 하순과 하악전치에 의해 상방으로 압박되었다가(compression)이완되며 비순각이 크게 증가하였다. 이상의 연구 결과에서 골격성 III급 부정교합자에서 구순이 이완된 상태에 대해 중심 교합 시의 비순각의 변화가 다양한 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 정확한 안모분석과 수술-교정 치료 후의 연조직 심미성의 예측을 위해 기록 채득과 분석 시 이완된 구순 위치에 대한 고려가 필요하며 이러한 자세로 진단용 방사선 사진을 촬영하는 것이 필요하다고 생각되었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.276-280
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• 2011

BSSRO (bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy) is an effective surgical method for maxillofacial deformities. Rigid fixation using a plate and screws can stabilize bony segments and induce early mouth opening. Though this procedure has a low complication rate, normal function and esthetic recovery is achieved through proper and early management of the complications. Complications consisting of temporomandibular disorders, sensory disturbances due to inferior alveolar nerve damage, open bite, malunion or nonunion, and facial nerve palsy occur, but these rarely develop. Facial nerve palsy causes the muscles involved in facial expression to depress, which results in ocular dryness or retinal damage. When facial nerve palsy develops, early management involving steroid medication and physical therapy is effective. In the case of severe damage, surgical intervention should be considered. A 20-year-male patient came to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department for orthognathic surgery. The mandible was set back by BSSRO under general anesthesia. Facial nerve palsy was observed on the left side of the face: steroid and vitamins were administered early and physical therapy was performed daily. These forms of management can aid in function and allow for gradual esthetic recovery. Presumed causes were excessive soft tissue retraction or soft tissue injury by the osteotome at the horizontal osteotomy of the ramus. Careful dissection, retraction and a precise osteotomy are needed for protection of the facial nerve. If nerve damage is observed, early management can help in the recovery of facial nerve function and esthetics.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.226-232
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• 2010

영구치의 매복은 다양한 빈도로 보고되며, 인구 집단의 약 5.6~18.8%에서 발생한다. 그 중에서 하악 제2대구치의 맹출장애 빈도는 약 0.06%, 하악 제1대구치는 약 0.01%로 매우 드물게 나타난다. 영구 대구치는 기능적으로 저작을 위한 중요한 교합적 지지를 제공하며 안면의 조화로운 성장발육에 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 영구 대구치의 매복시 발생되는 문제점으로는 구치부의 개방교합과 대합치의 정출, 인접치의 치근흡수와 기울어짐, 낭종의 형성, 심할 경우 하안면고경의 감소 등 여러 가지 문제점이 유발될 수 있다. 매복치의 치료 방법으로는 우선적으로 외과적노출술을 생각해 볼 수 있으며, 외과적노출술 후에 추가적인 인위적 아탈구로 자발적맹출을 기대해 볼 수도 있다. 자발적맹출이 관찰되지 않으면 교정적 강제 견인이나 외과적재위치술을 고려해 볼 수 있으며, 최악의 경우에는 발치 후 보철치료를 준비해야 할 것이다. 맹출장애를 보이는 치아의 조기진단과 치료는 중요한 의미를 갖는데, 늦은 시기에 발견될 경우 자발적 맹출력이 감소되어 치료의 성공률도 감소하고, 치료기간도 증가하며 임상적으로 다양한 합병증을 야기하기 때문이다. 따라서, 하악 제1대구치의 맹출장애를 조기에 발견할 경우 우선적으로 맹출유도를 고려해 볼 필요가 있다. 다음 두 증례는 매복된 하악 제1대구치에 대하여 외과적 노출술을 시행 후 자발적 맹출을 기대하였으나 상반된 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2006

Cerebral palsy(CP) is one of the most common motor disease, due to brain injury during fetal and neonatal development which results in neuromotor paralysis and associated neuromuscular symptoms. Features of CP include motor disability due to the lack of muscle control, often accompanied by sensory disorders, mental retardation, speech disorders, hearing loss, epilepsy, behavior disorders, etc. There are increasing chances of treatment of dental patients with cerebral palsy, as the occurrence of CP is increasing with the decrease in infant mortality and an increase in immature birth and premature birth and also, there is a trend to pursue of higher quality of life. Reports on the relationship between CP and maxillofacial deformity are uncommon, but it is well known that the unbalance and discontrol of the facial muscles, lip, tongue and the jaws leads to malocclusion and temporomandibular joint disorders, and statistics show that class 2 relationship of the jaws and open bite is frequently reported. However, it is difficult to perform maxillofacial deformity treatment, which consists of orthodontic treatment, maxillofacial surgery and muscle adaptation training, due to difficulties in communication and problems of muscle adaptation caused by difficulties in motor control which leads to a high recurrence rate. This case report is to trearment of maxillofacial deformity in CP patient. A 26 year old female patient came to the department with the chief complaint of prognathism of the mandible and facial asymmetry. According to the past medical history, she was diagnosed as cerebral palsy 1 week after birth, classified as GMFC, classII accompanied with left side torticollis. The patient's intelligence was moderate, and there were no serious problems in communication. For two years time, the patient underwent lingual frenectomy, pre-operation orthodontic treatment and then bimaxillary orthognathic surgery to treat mandibular prognathism and facial asymmetry followed by rehabilitatory exercise of facial muscle. After 6 months of follow up, there was a good result. This is to report to the typical signs and symptoms of DFD in CP patient and the limitation of the usual method of the treatment of DFD in CP patient with literature review.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2001

쇄골두개 이형성증(Cleidocranial Dysplasia)은 autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia로 쇄골의 부재 두개골 봉합지연 및 치아이상의 특징을 갖는 질환이다. 치아이상 중에 유치열 발달은 정상인데 반해 영구치 맹출 실패가 가장 특징적인 소견이며 다수의 과잉치의 존재, 치아형태이상과 치근형태이상 등이 존재한다. 영구치의 지연 혹은 맹출 부전의 원인으로 (1) 다수의 과잉치 존재, (2) cellular cementum이 없는 기형적 치근형태, (3) 악골의 높은 골밀도, (4) 유치와 골의 비정상적 흡수를 들 수 있으며 저하된 골대사가주원인이며 두번째로 다수의 과잉치의 존재를 들 수 있다. 이의 치료방법은 더 많은 치아 맹출의 환경조성을 위한 교정치료, 외과적 처치 및 보철적 수복이 필요하다. 본 증례는 쇄골두개 이형성증으로 진단받은 7세 10개월 여 환아로 영구치 미맹출을 주소로 본원에 내원하였다. 임상구강 검사에서 유치의 만기잔존, 악궁의 협착, 전치부 반대교합과 다수의 치아우식증이 관찰되었으며 악골의 방사선사진에서 유치의 만기잔존 및 상하악에 다수의 과잉치가 관찰되었고 두부방사선사진에서 미폐쇄된 봉합과 봉간골(wormian bone)이 관찰되었으며 흥부방사선사진에서 쇄골의 부재가 보였다. 이 환아의 성장에 따른 치열 발달을 이해하고 시기에 따른 적절한 치과적 처치에 대해서 본 증례에서 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.562-570
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• 2008

법랑질 형성부전증(amelogenesis imperfecta)은 전신질환과 관련없이 법랑질에 결함을 나타내는 유전질환이다. 법랑질 형성부전증은 발현되는 증상과 유전 양상에 따라 14가지의 아류형으로 분류된다(Witkop, 1989). 임상적으로는 크게 형성부 전형(hypoplastic type), 저석회화형(hypocalcified type), 성숙부전형(hypomaturation type)으로 나누어진다. 하지만 이들은 때로 혼재된 양상으로 나타난다. 법랑질 형성부전증은 법랑질이 질적으로나 양적으로 부족하며 치수 석회화, 치근 형태 이상, 맹출 장애와 영구치의 매복, 점진적인 치근의 흡수, 선천적 치아 결손, 그리고 전치부나 구치부의 개교합 등의 문제점을 나타낸다. 첫 번째 증례는 만 1세 4개월때 유전치부의 치아색 이상을 주소로 내원한 환자로 그 후 모든 유치 및 영구치에서 법랑질 형성부전증이 관찰되어 수복 술식, 교정적 치료 및 최근 보철 치료까지 완료하였다. 두 번째 증례는 만 9세 3개월된 환아로 유치 및 영구치에서 법랑질 형성부전증이 관찰되었다. 수복 치료가 시행되었고 보철 치료는 성장 완료 후 시행하기로 계획하였다. 본 증례들을 통하여 법랑질 형성부전증은 유치 및 영구치 모두에 발생할 수 있으며 장기간의 치료 및 관리가 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.