• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

Purpose: In Korean rhinoplasty, alloplasts such as silicone rubber have been used for dorsal and tip augmentations. However, alloplasts have produced complications such as deviation, exposure, and infection. Although autogenous tissue is an ideal material, the amount of the cartilage in Korean is not sufficient. Therefore, the authors developed a method to harvest the maximum amount of the septal and conchal cartilage. The authors first performed a complete septal extension graft for short and retruded columella and then performed nasal augmentation using various autogenous tissues. Methods: These surgical techniques were performed on 11 patients. Their average age was 27 years. An open approach with a V-shaped columellar labial incision was performed. At first, the complete septal extension graft was fixed on the entire caudal margin of the septum, and the alar cartilage was suspended to the septal extension graft to make the tip projected and the columella advanced caudally. A temporal fascial ball was used for radix augmentation. For dorsal augmentation, a batten-shaped septal cartilage graft wrapped with or without the temporal fascia or a diced cartilage graft wrapped with the temporal fascia was performed. For nasal tip augmentation, a shield graft and a cap graft or a folded conchal cartilage graft was performed.Results: The mean follow-up period was 11.2 months. The overall results were natural and satisfactory. Two patients underwent slight absorption and caudal displacement. With the exception of these cases, no complications were observed. Conclusion: Korean rhinoplastic surgeons are accustomed to using the alloplasts despite of serious complications. When rhinoplasty using autogenous tissue was performed, some complications occurred such as the displacement of the diced cartilage graft wrapped with the fascia, but many of the complications of alloplastic rhinoplasty were avoided. Therefore, we propose that by this time Korean rhinoplastic surgeons need to change their preference from alloplastic rhinoplasty to autogenous rhinoplasty.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2009

Purpose: Several authors reported about the post - traumatic nasal aesthetic complications. However, the study for functional or intra - nasal complications has been reported not enough. The aim of this study is to observe the incidence of intranasal synechia. Methods: We reviewed the data from 401 consecutive patients with nasal bone fracture from september 2006 to December 2007. We enforced evaluation with preoperative CT in all patients but postoperative CT within complicated patients. We classified the nasal bone fracture according to the anatomy and severity of fracture. Type I is nasal tip fracture(15%, n = 59), Type II is simple lateral without septal injury(38%, n = 152), Type III is simple lateral with septal injury(23%, n = 92), Type IV is closed comminuted(20%, n = 82), Type V is open comminuted or complicated(4%, n = 16). We studied 98 patients with nasal bone fracture who had postoperative symptoms or undergone postoperative endoscopic evaluation. And then we evaluated the postoperative endoscopic finding and nasal synechal formation after operation. Results: The incidence of intranasal synechiae was 15%(n = 62). According to the endoscopic findings, the incidence of intranasal synechiae was 10%(n = 6) in Type I, 8%(n = 12) in Type II, 16%(n = 15) in Type III, 24%(n = 20) in Type IV, and 56%(n = 9) in Type V. Additionally, the incidence of subjective nasal obstruction and olfactory dysfunction is 18%(n = 72) and 13%(n = 51). But the incidence of symptomatic synechiae of nasal obstruction and olfactory dysfunction is 92%(57/62) and 55%(34/62). Conclusion: We identified relatively high prevalence of nasal obstruction and olfactory dysfunction in nasal synechiae. Based on the results of this study, intranasal synechiae really caused airway obstruction(92%). Our data showed significant relationship between intranasal synechiae and severity of the fracture, because of increasing mucosal handling and destructive closed reductional procedures. First of all, education of delicate procedure regarding this subject should be empathized accordingly.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2009

Purpose: Artificial dura maters are commonly used in cranioplasty, but sometimes they can result in serious postoperative infection. Once complications such as epidural abscess or chronic draining ulcer arise, they are very difficult to treat. In this case, reclosure of dura defect using artificial dura mater may give rise to recurrence of infection. We experienced a case of intractable epidural abscess caused by use of artificial dura. To avoid repeated infection, we decided to use autologous tissue for the coverage of dura and soft tissue defect. Therefore, autologous tensor fascia lata graft and anterolateral thigh free flap were harvested at the same donor site incision to cover composite defect on the scalp and dura mater. Methods: A 13 year old male patient, who underwent the decompression cranioplasty and duroplasty, suffered from the intractable infection lesion. Twice, the epidural abscess was removed, both times the infection recurred. And eventually dura mater was exposed through the infected open wound. Nine months after dura exposed, infected aritificial dura mater was removed and extensive debridement was performed. Through a surgical incision on donor thigh, first, tensor fascia lata graft was harvested in process of the anterolateral thigh flap elevation. After the fascia lata graft was fixed over the dural defect, the anterolateral thigh flap was used to fill the dead space as well as the scalp defect. Results: Postoperatively, no recurrent infection and cerebrospinal fluid leakage are observed for a year. After the surgery, on the first and second day, venous congestion of the flap was observed, this problem was solved by thrombectomy and vein reanastomosis. And partial necrosis of flap occurred, but completely healed as conservative treatment for two weeks. Conclusion: Using the autologous tensor fascia lata graft and anterolateral thigh flap, we could obtain satisfactory results as treatment for the intractable infection lesion after duroplasty. Autologous tensor fascia lata in conjunction with anterolateral thigh flap is useful method for covering composite defect of scalp and dura mater.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.481-484
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• 2010

Purpose: Congenital dermoid cysts develop during the fusion of the embryo when the ectodermal tissue gets trapped in the line of fusion. Dermoid cysts of the head are rare lesions comprised of epidermal and mesodermal elements. Furthermore, dermoid cysts in the occipital area are extremely rare. Only a few cases of dermoid cysts in the posterior scalp have been reported. Especially, A bilateral, synchronous presentation in this location has not been reported previously in the literature. Methods: All 5 cases had a gradually enlarging mass of the posterior aspect of the scalp. The cysts were mobile, noncompressible, and non-tender, without evidence of an associated sinus tract, skin dimpling, discoloration, or communication with adjacent structures. The CT scan displayed a hypodense cystic lesions about -87 to +24 HU (Housefield units, average +3.2 HU) with hypodense capsule and no postcontrast enhancement. All tumors were found just under the skin, and were well encapsulated, so they were completely removed the mass with adjacent periosteum. Results: On gross findings, all tumors were oval-or round-shaped, and when the cystic tumor was cut open it presented a greasy and caseous substance. Histologically, all specimens contain desquamated squamous epithelium and keratin in the lumen and are encapsulated and lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. And, all cases of posterior mass are the presence of adnexal structures. Conclusion: Appropriate diagnosis requires not only an index of suspicion for this rare tumor a very careful history and search for skin changes. Especially, CT can reveal the exact location of the cyst, its relationship with the adjacent structures. We think that occipital dermoids divide into superficial and deep type. In our cases, because they did not have intra-cranial involvement or fistula formation, they are superficial type. This report describes the clinical and operative aspects of the superficial dermoid cysts and provides a review of the literatures.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.400-408
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• 2010

Purpose: Complete septal extension grafts have been widely used in rhinoplasty for effective projection of the short retruded columella in Asian patients. Autologous septal cartilages and porous high-density polyethylene sheets are frequently used as septal extension grafts. This study was conducted to compare the postoperative results of porous polyethylene sheets and septal cartilages used for correction of unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities by using photogrammetric analysis. Methods: This study investigated a total of 49 patients with cleft lip nasal deformities who underwent corrective surgery, and were followed up for at least 6 months. Septal cartilages were used in 39 patients, and porous polyethylene sheets were used in 10 patients. In all patients, through the open rhinoplasty, complete septal extension grafts were sutured to the caudal margin of the septal cartilage, and the alar cartilage was sutured with suspension. The cleft side alar cartilage was overcorrected by approximately 3 - 5 mm. Postoperative outcomes were evaluated by using photogrammetric analysis. Five indices and 4 angles were measured on their photographs taken before and after the surgery. In patients with unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities, symmetry was also evaluated by means of columellar length index. Results: The postoperative values obtained in photogrammetric analysis showed improvements in comparison with the preoperative ones. The polyethylene group produced more improved outcomes than the septal cartilage group but also resulted in more complications at the same time. Conclusion: The results of this study indicates that complete septal extension grafts are efficient for the correction of unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities. However, since postoperative complications occur more frequently in the polyethylene group than in the septal cartilage group, caution is advised in using porous high-density polyethylene sheets in patients with cleft lip nasal deformities.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.336-343
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• 2019

Background Sternal rigid plate fixation (RPF) has been adopted in recent years in high-risk cases to reduce complications associated with steel wire cerclage, the traditional approach to sternal closure. While sternal RPF has been associated with lower complication rates than wire cerclage, it has its own complication profile that requires evaluation, necessitating a critical examination from a national perspective. This study will report the outcomes and associated risk factors of sternal RPF using a national database. Methods Patients undergoing sternal RPF from 2005 to 2016 in the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program were identified. Demographics, perioperative information, and complication rates were reviewed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for postoperative complications. Results There were 381 patient cases of RPF identified. The most common complications included bleeding (28.9%), mechanical ventilation >48 hours (16.5%), and reoperation/readmission (15.2%). Top risk factors for complications included dyspnea (odds ratio [OR], 2.672; P<0.001), nonelective procedure (OR, 2.164; P=0.010), congestive heart failure (OR, 2.152; P=0.048), open wound (OR, 1.977; P=0.024), and operating time (OR, 1.005; P<0.001). Conclusions Sternal RPF is associated with increased rates of three primary complications: blood loss requiring transfusion, ventilation >48 hours, and reoperation/readmission, each of which affected over 15% of the study population. Smokers remain at an increased risk for surgical site infection and sternal dehiscence despite RPF's purported benefit to minimize these outcomes. Complications of primary versus delayed sternal RPF are roughly equivalent, but individual patients may perform better with one versus the other based on identified risk factors.

• 기록학연구
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• 제71호
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• pp.49-89
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• 2022

본 연구는 전거레코드 구축 및 공유를 위한 목적으로 진행된 'Social Networks and Archival Context' 프로젝트 사례를 통해 문화유산기관 간에 분산 소장된 역사적 정보원에 대한 통합적 접근과 기록에 대한 보다 풍부한 검색과 이해를 촉진하는 국가적 전거데이터베이스 구축의 필요성과 국내 적용 방안을 제시하였다. SNAC 프로젝트는 NARA 주도의 국제적 협력체 조직으로 전환되면서 지속가능한 운영체계를 확보하고 협력적 전거통제를 실현할 수 있었다. 또한 SNAC 전거레코드는 도서관에 비해 풍부한 생애와 역사에 관한 맥락 정보와 사회적·지적 네트워크 정보를 제공한다는 특징을 가진다. 사례분석을 통해 첫째, SNAC 처럼, 국가기록원이 주도하고 국립중앙도서관이 공동 오너쉽을 갖는 협력체가 개발을 주도하고 참여기관의 범위를 넓혀나가야 한다. 둘째, 협력의 방식에서 특장점을 가진 분야별로 분담하는 구조를 취하되, 두 기관이 참여하는 운영 주체가 주요한 의사결정을 하도록 한다. 셋째, 전거데이터 구축 시 다양한 포맷의 기술정보를 수집할 수 있는 확장가능한 오픈소스소프트웨어 개발, 기록관리 전거레코드의 구조와 요소로 설계, 전거레코드의 품질을 통제할 수 있는 기능 설계, 이용자 친화적 인터페이스 구축 및 콘텐츠적 요소가 반영된 플랫폼 설계가 필요함을 제시하였다.

• Archives of Hand and Microsurgery
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2018

목적: 중수골 골절에서 시행되는 두 가지 수술 방법; 즉, 폐쇄적 정복술 및 평행핀 외고정술, 개방적 정복술 및 플레이트 내고정술 시행 이후 골절각의 변화를 수술 직후 및 추적 관찰하여 비교 분석하였다. 방법: 2008년 4월부터 2018년 1월까지 수부 단일 중수골 골절에 대해 수술적 처치를 받은 46명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 진행하였다. 관절 외 중수골 골절에서 폐쇄적 정복술 및 가로 방향 평행 핀 외고정술(그룹 1) 또는 개방적 정복술 및 플레이트 내고정술(그룹 2)을 진행하고, 수술 전후 및 추시 후 수부 방사선 비스듬영상에서 골절각을 측정하여 분석하였다. 결과: 두 그룹 모두 정복술 진행 후 유의한 골절각 교정 결과를 보였다. 그룹 1의 경우 수술 후 3-4주에 능동적 운동을 시작하였으며, 골절각 재발 소견이 다소 나타났다(그룹 1: 수술 직후 골절각 $20^{\circ}{\pm}7^{\circ}$, 추시 후 골절각 $24^{\circ}{\pm}10^{\circ}$, p<0.05). 반면에 그룹 2는 수술 후 2주에 운동 진행 이후에도 정복된 상태를 지속적으로 유지하였다(그룹 2: 수술직후 골절각 $19^{\circ}{\pm}5^{\circ}$, 추시 후 골절각 $18^{\circ}{\pm}6^{\circ}$). 결론: 관절 외 단일 중수골 골절에서 폐쇄적 정복술 및 평행 핀 외고정술과 개방적 정복술 및 플레이트 내고정술 모두 골절에 의한 각형성을 유의하게 교정할 수 있는 유용한 수술 방법이다. 폐쇄적 정복술 및 평행 핀 외고정술 이후 3-4주에 손 운동을 시작할 경우 골절 부위에 과도한 운동 또는 외부 자극에 의한 저항이 가해지면 유합 진행을 악화시킬 수 있으므로 주의 깊은 경과 관찰을 요하며, 골절 상태에 따라 적절한 수술 방법을 계획해야 한다.