• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2002

Kupunggibodan(KU), Gamisamul-tang(GA) and Whangryunhaedok-tang(WH) are clinically the most popular prescriptions as an herbal medicine in the treatment of ischemia. In order to compare and evaluate their protective effects on the ischema-induced cognitive deficits by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), we examined its ability to improve ischemia-induced cell loss and impairements of learning and memory in the Morris water maze and eight-arm radial arm maze. Focal cerebral ischemia produced a marked cell loss, decrease in acetylcholinesterase(AchE) reactivity in the hippocampus, and learning and memory deficits in two behavioral tasks. Pretreatment with WH (100 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a substantial increase in acquisition in the Morris water maze. Pretreatment with KU increased the perfomance of the resention test in the Morris water maze. WH, KU and GA caused a significant improvement in choice accuracy in radial arm maze test. WH was superior to KU and GA in perfomance of the radial arm maze test. Consistent with behavioral data, staining with cresyl violet showed that pretreatments with WH, but not KU and GA significantly recovered the ischemia-induced cell loss in the hippcampal CA1 area. In addition, pretreatments with WH and KU recovered the ischemia-induced reduction of AchE reactivity in the hippocampal CA1 area. These results demonstrated that KU, GA and WH have protective effects against ischimea-induced learning and memory impairments and that the efficacy was the order of WH>KU>GA in tratment of ischemia induced memory deficits. The present studies provide an evidence of KU, GA and WH as putative treatment of vascular dementia. Supported by a fund from the Ministry of Health and Welfare(HMP-00-OO-04-0004), and the Brain Korea 21 Project from Korean Ministry of Education, Korea.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.391-396
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• 1992

광자가영양이며 질소고정는을 갖는 사상체의 남조 Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 Allen & Arnon (1/8) 의 무질소 최소배지에서 배양하여, 이형세포를 유도하고 생장과 질소고정활성의 변화와 각종 조절요인의 영향을 분석하였다. 질소결핍의 배지에서 생장과 질소고정활성의 증가율은 비례하였고, 생장에 따한 배지내 질산 ($NO^{3}$-N) 의 축적을 보였으며, 배양 6일 후에도 생장은 지속되었으나, 질소고정은 최대활성을 보인후 급격한 감소를 보여 질산의 저해농도와 일치하였다. 중요 환경요인의 영향은 혐기적 조건, 10,000 lux pH 8 및 $30^{\circ}C$ 에서 최적의 생장과 활성을 보였고, 질소화합물은 0.1 mM 이상의 저농도에서 현저히 활성을 저해하였으며, 탄산은 5 mM 에서 활성을 촉진하였으나 보다 높은 농도에서 저해를 보였다. 내염성을 NaCl 20mM 이하이었고 중금속이온은 $Hg^{2+}$>$Cd^{2+}$> $Co^{2+}$>$Zn^{2+}$>$Pb^{2+}$의 순으로 0.3~10 ppm 의 범위에서 활성을 저해하였다. 탄수화물은 0.5-1.0% 에서 생장과 활성을 촉진하였고, 설탕>과당>포도당의 순이었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.325-331
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• 1994

RuBPCase에 의한 RuBP의 탄소고정화반응에 의해 생성된 PGA는 NADH에 의해 환원되어 GAP로 변한다는 사실은 이미 잘 알려져 있다. 이때 마반응의 NADH를 분광학적으로 측정하면 반응의 진척 도를 알 수 있다. 이 환원반응은 SDS 마생용액 속 에셔 촉진됨을 관찰하였다. 대부분의 단백질이 음이온성 미생과의 강한 상호작용으로 말미암아 불활성화된다는 사설과는 달리, 이 일련의 반응은 3~4종 의 효소단백질을 포함하고 있음에도 불구하고 반응 에 대한 저해현상은 관찰할 수 없였고, 오히려 $2{\times}10^{-2}M$ 의 고농도의 미생용액 속에서는 거의 모든 NADH가 산화되었다. NADH가 물층과 미셀층 사이에 엘정한 비율로 분포되어 있어서. 미셀에 결합된 NADH가 물층과 미생층의 경계변에셔 PGA와 반응하기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 한편 양이온성 (CTABr), 양쪽이온생 (Chaps), 비 이온성(Brij 및 Triton X-1OO)미생은 그들의 농도 가 증가함에 따라, 반응이 처음에는 급격히 증가하여 최대(NADH의 흡광도값 최소)에 이르나, 이후 감소(흡광도 증가)하다가 다시 서서히 증가하고, 이어서 다시 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 저농도의 미셀 용액 속에서의 반응성이 비교적 급속히 증가하는 것 은 미셀속에 침투되어 있는 미반응의 NADH가 Stern층에서 PGA를 환원시키기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 이어서 반응성이 다시 완만하게 감소하는 것은 미생용액 속에서의 소수성 기질과 천수성 반응 물절의 두 분자반응의 전형적인 모형을 따르기 때문인 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2018

Objectives: This study conducted a survey research to characterize traffic accident(TA) patients seeking Korean medicine treatment and to analyze the symptom improvement and satisfaction scores. Methods: A survey was conducted in 122 outpatients, who visited OO University Korean Hospital due to TA-associated symptoms from November, 2017 to May, 2018. The questionnaire included information on patient demographic characteristics, accident circumstance details, pain levels, reason for treatment selection, treatment methods, treatment purpose, symptom improvement and satisfaction. All statistical analyses were performed using Windows SPSS version 20.0 Results: The characteristics of traffic accident patients using Korean medical institution were usually accidents that occurred while driving slowly, and minor injuries like a sprain. The most important consideration in choosing Korean medical institution was its past experience. The biggest reason for switching treatment from Western medicine to Korean medicine was for diverse treatments. Satisfaction with Korean medicine was measured between very satisfaction and satisfaction. Patients showed the highest satisfaction with acupuncture, followed by pharmacopuncture and chuna manual therapy. Most treatments were measured between very satisfaction and satisfaction. After treatment, 95.90 percent of the patients said they would recommend Korean treatment. Conclusions: Although this study has limitations as research in survey format, we intended to analyze determining factors for the use of Korean medicine treatment through satisfaction, symptom improvement, and Numeric rating scale (NRS) change.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.388-411
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• 2003

The purpose of this study has been conducted to reduce the lower limbs' spasticity of the patients with hemiplegia caused by cerebral stroke of apoplexy and find differences about spasticity effects among each group. The objects of this study covered 24 patients with hemiplgia who are either in the oo hospital in Daegu or under treatment from home to hospital. The objects fall into three groups which are a group of neurological development treatment, a group of functional stimulus treatment and a group of neurological development treatment and functional stimulus treatment. The result of this study were as follows : 1) The neurological development treatment has been found to reduce the lower limbs' spasticity of patients with hemiplegia caused by cerebral stroke of apoplexy and compared to before-treatment, the MAS value of spasticity has been shown to be statistically meaningful ,and gradually over the period of between 4 weeks and 8 weeks(P <.05). 2) The functional electric stimulus treatment has been shown to reduce the lower limb's spasticity of patients with hemiplegia caused by cerebral stroke of apoplexy and compared to before-treatment, the MAS value of spasticity was statistically meaningful and compared to 4 weeks, even at the time of 8 weeks, the MAS value of spasticity have shown statistical meaningness. (P <.05) 3) When neurological development treatment and functional electric stimulus treatment was applied at the same time, the lower limbs' spasticity of patients with hemiplegia was reduced meaningfully(P <.05). Compared to before-treatment at the time of 4 weeks, the MAS value of spasticity was statistically meaningful and compared to 4 weeks at the time of 8 weeks the MAS value of spasticity was also statistically meaningful(P <.05) 4) In the case of time-based MAS value of each group, functional electric stimulus treatment reduced the spasticity more meaningfully than neurological development treatment, and the group of same application of functional electric stimulus treatment and neurological development treatment showed better statistical meaningness than functional electric stimulus treatment alone(P <.05) and finally the group of same application of neurological development treatment and functional electric stimulus treatment showed more meaningful difference than neurological development treatment alone(P <.05)

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.274-307
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• 2002

The TLSO was customized for this study in OO ortho-prosthesis institute from Jan. 1th., 2000 to Dec. 31th., 2000 and in order to measure effects of TLSO. 20 females in a growth period applicable to medical care took part in this study, they were on accidental spine scoliosis (From $15^{\circ}to35^{\circ}$). They were consisted of Group I(10 chest-bend) and Group II (10 dual-bend). The results were follows: 1. It showed the average difference in height by 1.37cm, 3.14cm in comparison between before and after TLSO, before and after one year and they were also statistically available(p < .05). 2. It showed the average difference in Cobb angle of a chest and waist by ($-10.95^{\circ},-8.50^{\circ}$), between before and right after TLSO. The results means that the Cobb angle of the chest and weist at right after TLSO was largely decreased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 3. It showed the difference in Cobb angle of the chest waist by $-9.50^{\circ},-7.35^{\circ} $ between before and one year after TLSO. It means that the Cobb angle of the chest and waist at the one year after TLSO was largely decreased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 4. It showed the difference in Cobb angle of the chest and waist by $2.34^{\circ},2.15^{\circ} $ between the right after and the one year after. TLSO, but the change of Cobb angle of the chest was regularly constant by a little increased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 5. In the measurement of the change of Cobb angle of the chest and waist according to the taking time on TLSO, it showed the slightest change in 10 people on TLSO for 23 hours by $13.30^{\circ},11.20^{\circ}$ , the change in 6 people on TLSO for 16 hours by $14.75^{\circ},12.67^{\circ}$, the change in 4 people on TLSO for 8 hours by $16.83^{\circ},14.00^{\circ} $ in this order. It means that the longer time on TLSO was to be the smaller the Cobb angle of the chest and waist, but it was not statistically available.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.246-254
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• 1993

DRAM 커패시터에서 축정용량을 증대시키기 위한 기초연구로서 2가지 방법을 시도하였다. 첫째로, 커패시터의 유효 표면적을 증대시키기 위해 HSG(hemispherical grain)와 rugged 형태의 표면형상을 갖는 폴리실리콘 전극을 저압 화학기상증착법을 이용하여 제잘하였다. 그 결과 기존의 평평한 폴리실리콘 전극에 비하여 유효면적이 증대된 폴리실리콘 전극이 형성되었다. 둘째로, 고유 전상수를 갖는 $Ta_2O_5$ 박막을 각각의 전극에 플라즈마 화학기상증착법으로 증착시키고 후열처리한 후 전기적 특성변화를 조사하였다. MIS(metal-insulator-semiconductor) 구조의 커패시터를 제작하여 전기적 특성을 측정한 결과, HSG와 rugged 형상의 표면을 갖는 전극에서 기존의 평평한 표면을 갖는 전극에 비하여 축전용량은 1.2~1.5배까지 증대하였으나, 주설전류는 표면적의 증가에 따라 함께 증가함을 보였다. TDDB 특성에서도 HSG와 rugged 형상의 표면을 갖는 전극들이 평평한 표면형상에 비하여 더 열화되었음을 보여주었다. 이상과 같은 결과는 $Ta_2O_5$ 유전박막을 이용한 차세대 DRAB 커패시터 연구에 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.303-316
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• 2021

본 연구는 ETC 기반 집단미술치료가 초등학교 1학년 어머니의 양육불안 감소에 미치는 효과성을 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 ETC 이론의 치료적 요인과 효과성을 근거로 ETC 프로그램을 구성하였고, 연구대상으로 경기도 A시의 OO초등학교 1학년 자녀를 둔 어머니 7명을 선정하였다. 본 연구프로그램은 2019년 4월 8일부터 5월 24일까지 주 1~2회, 70~90분, 총 11회기를 진행하였으며 효과검증을 위해 양육불안 척도검사를 사전·사후 실시하고 측정한 값을 SPSS 24.0 프로그램으로 비교분석하였다. 연구결과로는 첫째, 어머니의 양육불안이 ETC 미술치료 프로그램 실시 후 유의미하게 감소하였다. 둘째, ETC 수준의 변화가 양육불안 감소에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 참여자들은 자신이 선호하는 미술매체로 ETC의 모든 수준에서 자기탐색과 자기이해를 할 수 있는 기회를 경험함으로써 양육불안을 낮출 수 있었다. 또한 내담자 자신의 문제를 스스로 자각하고, 자발적 매체선택을 통해 자신에게 유익한 방향을 결정할 수 있으며, 개인에게 맞는 활동을 수행하게 하는 ETC 집단미술치료 프로그램의 효과를 확인했다는 것에 의의가 있다

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1999

산누에나방의 알에 대하여, 광주기를 각각 달리하였을 때 송충알벌의 산란수, 기생률, 그리고 우화율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그리고 16L:8D 광주기 조건에서 24시간 동안에 인공기주에서의 산란경향과 우화수를 조사하였다. 송충알벌의 산란수는 서로 다른 기주조건에서 기주를 처음 접한 후 날짜가 지나면서 감소하였다. 서로 다른 광조건(16L, 12L, 18L)에서 자연기주인 산누에나방의 알에 대한 산란수는 첫째날 기주당 산란수가 각각 $161.8\pm$10.7(16:8LD), $145.8\pm$20.5(12:12LD), $128.5\pm$19.6(8:16LD)개이었고, 그 후 급격히 감소하여 일차별로 10일 동안 16:8LD에서 13.7, 64.4, 25.5, 18.5, 14.6, 12.3, 1.3개로 조사되었다. 한편 인공기주에 대한 산란수는 16:8LD 광조건에서 1일재 가장 낮아 42.1%, 그후 2일과 3일째에 63.5%, 80.5%로 일차별로 증가한데 비하여 인공기주에서는 급격히 감소하여 1일쨍에 84.6%, 그후 2일과 3일째는 각각 52.2, 16.8%로 조사되었다. 인공기주에서의 시간대별 우화수 조사는 암조건에서 명조건으로 바뀌는 05:00시에서 06:00시 사이에 평균 61.2개체로 13.9%를 차지하여 비교적 높게 나타났다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide the necessary fundamental data in composing a systematic text content of the public health by analyzing each text, domain, and teaching contents suggested in the textbooks as well as teachers' guides of the 7th elementary school education curriculum, while the study subjects were as follows. 1. The health education content suggested in the 7th physical education curriculum were analyzed and examined. 2. The health teaching content of each textbook in the 7th elementary school curriculum was to be analyzed and examined. In order to resolve the above research issues, the physical, spiritual, and social domain along with the (1) Proper living habit, (2) Health and nutrition, (3) Sex education, (4) Prevention of the sense-organic diseases, (5) Cleanliness of food, (6) Oral hygiene, (7) Individual health and public health, (8) Safety in living, (9) Abuse and usage of medication, educational content suggested in the 7tand (10) Environment pollution focused around the health of the elementary school education curriculum was analyzed and its outcome was as below First, compared with the 6th elementary school education curriculum, the health content suggested in the 7th elementary school education curriculum was decreased. Second, although each grade's teaching content of the health domain in the physical education was considered in its structure following after the according systems, they were preponderant in partial subjects such as the safety in living, nutrition, proper living habit, sport, and health in sport. oo. Third, the health education content was organized in 4 units such as the physical growth and development, prevention of diseases, safe living, and leisure living(leisure, spiritual health, and etc.) for the 3rd and 4th grade. Then, as for 5th and 6th grade, it was organized in 3 units such as the understanding the human body, prevention of disease, and leisure and safe living. Fourth, in the physical educational health domain, a strong point was constructed within the physical, spiritual, and social areas of the elementary school physical education. Fifth, the number of the public health education contents directly related with the health education was 43 as with 25 indirect contents. Sixth, each grade's domain unit structure of the public health content was heavy upon the physical and social area throughout every grade while in opposite, the spiritual domain' s unit structure was weak. In according to each grade, the physical domain was stressed in 4, 5, and 6 grades while the social domain was stressed in 1, 5, and 6 grades.