• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.117-132
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• 2018

This study examines the reason why consumers try to use the online shopping cart more, and especially analyzes the influence of personal psychological factor such as regulatory focus. Hypotheses are tested with a two-way ANOVA model using experimental data collected from 210 undergraduate students at a business school in South Korea. We found that prevention focused consumers try to use online shopping cart more than promotion focused consumers. It is possible that prevention focused consumers try to consider as many alternatives as possible to ensure safety as they focus on negative results or losses during shopping online. However, we also found out when the buying purpose is utilitarian, promotion focused consumers are not different from the promotion in terms of the usage intention of online shopping carts. Marketing managers can provide different messages customized for their consumers by leading them to use the online shopping cart in a more effective way.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2020

This study analyzed the influencing factors of learning engagement and teaching presence in online programming practice classes. The subjects of this study were students enrolled in an industrial specialized high school, who practiced creating Arduino circuits and programming using a web-based virtual practice tool called Tinkercad. This research adopted a tool that can measure task value, learning flow, learning engagement, and teaching presence. Based on this analysis, learning flow had a mediating effect between task value and online learning engagement, as well as between task value and teaching presence. Increasing learning engagement in online classes requires sensitizing the learners about task value, using hands-on platforms available online, and expanding interaction with instructors to increase learning flow of students. Furthermore, using virtual hands-on tools in online programming classes is relevant in increasing learning engagement. Future research tasks include: confirming the effectiveness of online learning engagement and teaching presence through pre- and post-tests, and conducting research on various practical subjects.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.17-30
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• 2015

Companies display the product information to the consumers in their online presences. As importance of online marketing activities are growing, most of the franchisers also uses the product images on their online sites to provide the vivid visual information of their merchandises. But the previous researches do not provide the rigorous understanding on the nature of how the consumers process the visual information. In this study, we explore the theoretical backgrounds of the visual information processing and set up the research proposition on the orders and directions of the online visitors' attentions. The visit data from experimental online shop for 81 days was analysed with repeated measure ANOVA. We found that the nature of visual information processing in the online environment is different from that of the ordinary text process. At the end of this study, implication and the limitations of the research were discussed.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.117-134
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• 2011

Online education is moving forward with more interactive environments due to the availability of new technologies. In addition, many researches have represented that interaction and high motivation are very critical factors in order to improve students' motivation and teaching effectiveness in online learning and education. Therefore, it is very meaningful for students and educators that motivation and effectiveness are observed by positive expectation and interaction satisfaction in their online counseling courses. For this study, two important instruments are used: Modified Short Forms of Instructional Materials Motivation Survey and Student Evaluation of Online Teaching Effectiveness. Results show that high expected students who are satisfied with interaction indicate higher motivation and evaluation on the online teaching effectiveness than low expected students who are not satisfied with interaction.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.14-27
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of 'delivery service quality' of online fresh food shopping malls on 'e-satisfaction' and 'repurchase intention' of online customers. Research design, data, and methodology - To demonstrate the relationship between the delivery service quality of online fresh food shopping mall and the e-customer satisfaction and repurchase intention, the research model was designed with 5 sub-factors (promptness, accuracy, economy, safety, information) based on the contents of previous studies. The data collection is conducted with sampling survey. The participants are customers who have visited, purchased and received their orders within the last 6 months in online fresh food shopping malls. This study analyzed collected data, then confirmed and finalized the hypothesis by using IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 statistical program. Results - Hypothesis 1: The service quality of online fresh food shopping mall will have a statistically significant effect on online customers' e-customer satisfaction. Hypothesis 2: The service quality of online fresh food shopping mall will affect the repurchase intention of online customers. Hypothesis 3: The e-customer satisfaction of online fresh food shopping mall will have a statistically significant effect on repurchase intention. Among the 5 sub-factors (promptness, accuracy, economy, safety, information) of delivery service quality, three factors such as promptness, accuracy, and safety have stronger influence on e-satisfaction and repurchase intention of online customers. Conclusions - This study has proven the feasibility and viability of the hypotheses that 1) The excellent delivery service quality of an online fresh food shopping mall primarily affects e-customer satisfaction; and that 2) Ecustomer satisfaction will secondarily serve to improve repurchase intention.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.994-1009
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• 2016

Applying the S-O-R Model within an online context, a hypothesized model incorporates three review characteristics (perceived concreteness, exaggeration, and sufficient quantity of reviews) for apparel products in order to present their impact on consumer perceptions of review usefulness and consumer attitude toward and patronage intent for the online stores hosting the reviews. An online survey of Korean women (N=299) reported their experiences in purchasing apparel products online and reading apparel reviews on a regular basis. Testing of the hypothesized model showed the usefulness of reviews were determined by two review characteristics (S: perceived concreteness and sufficient quantity of reviews); however, the negative effect of exaggerated reviews were insignificant. In addition, the perceived usefulness of reviews (O-cognitive) hosted by an online store influenced online store attitude (O-affective) which subsequently led to online store patronage intent (R). This study systemically advances online retail literature by showing how the characteristics of online reviews (as a part of the online store environment) can influence attitude toward online stores and patronage intent for online stores. Long term relationships with consumers can be achieved through the building of mechanisms to enhance the perceived usefulness of reviews by employing the strategies of hosting concrete reviews and offering a sufficient quantity of reviews. This study addresses removes research gaps by testing an adapted the S-O-R Model that frames review information as an element of an online store environment using a large sample.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2016

With the emergence of online communities, the role of online communities in establishing brand equity has been greatly emphasized. In order to enhance our understanding of commitment in online brand communities, the present study attempts to investigate how three dimensions of community commitment (continuance, affective, and normative commitment) influence each component of brand equity (brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty) in the context of company-initiated online brand community. An online survey was conducted with a sample of online brand community members. The results found differential impacts of three types of community commitment on brand equity components, emphasizing the role of continuance and affective commitment. Continuance community commitment positively influenced brand awareness and brand association. Affective community commitment positively affected perceived quality, while among the three, only continuance and affective community commitment influenced the enhancement of brand loyalty. The results suggest that brand marketers need to focus on continuance and affective commitment factors in their online communities to effectively enhance brand equity possessed by consumers. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.135-156
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• 2014

The Online business model for purchasing agent service is getting more popular. However, consumers perceive more risk when buying products from foreign online purchasing agents (FOPA) than from common online sellers (COS). This study focuses on finding out how consumers manage risk when they perceive risk and what different risk-reliever strategies they use when buying from high-risk FOPA and low-risk COS. This study has proved the following two. First, when consumers perceive risk at online purchasing, they tend to select risk-reliever strategies, such as the use of communication media, online assurance mark, seller's record, and secure payment to mitigate risk. With the application of those risk-reliever strategies, they built trust with the seller. Second, risk-perception of FOPA influences usage of communication media and check of online assurance mark more strongly than that of COS. On the contrary, risk-perception of COS influences the check of seller record more strongly than that of FOPA. This study helps to explain why FOPA is proliferating, despite its inherent high risk due to the fact that buyers and sellers are separated in time and space and that buyers and sellers have different social and cultural backgrounds. This study also helps managers of E-commerce to relieve consumer's risk-perception and to build trust.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.44-58
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to explore how Millennials mitigate perceived risks that occur during online apparel purchasing decisions through social interactions based on social learning theory. Also, this research investigates concerns generated from interactions with others when consuming apparel online. An exploratory investigation was undertaken with 78 undergraduate students using an online survey that included open and closed questions. Qualitative data revealed positive relationships between consumers' social interactions and purchases of apparel products online. Specifically, information searches through social interactions with trusted individuals utilizing online channels were found to validate purchasing decisions and alleviate perceived risks with purchasing apparel products online. However, consumers were also concerned with certain interactions due to the lack of credibility regarding reviewers, channels, and conflicting information. These findings provide an insight into millennial consumers' learning processes through consumer-to-consumer interactions in social media environments for apparel purchases. As online and mobile shopping along with consumers' social media usage for interacting continue to increase, these research findings guide retailers how to turn their attention to investing and utilizing these channels to enhance millennial consumers' positive purchasing experiences online.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.29-51
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• 2013

In line with network technology development and smart device penetration, the social network service (SNS) has expanded its influence. The SNS which is a service based on communication and sharing among people, has grown based on users' voluntary engagement and participation and its influence has appeared beyond the cyberspace into the overall areas of domestic and foreign culture and society. In particular, SNS-based real-time communication during diverse disasters, can help prevent further damage. By sharing information on social donation activities and environmental campaigns, people have used SNS as a tool to change the society in a more positive way. Such series of activities functioning as a power to change the society have been made much faster and wider through the help of a new media called SNS. To better understand such trends, we are required to study about the SNS and its user relationships first. In this context, this study sought to identify the effects of people's desire to build friendships through SNS on the voluntary and society-friendly activities of people. This study considers online pro-social behavior and proposes online citizenship behavior. Citizenship behavior has been examined in organization context. That is, organizational citizenship behavior explains an employee's pro-social behavior in an organization context. Organizational citizenship behavior is characterized by the individual's helping others and promoting the functioning of the organization. By applying organizational citizenship behavior to an online context, we propose online citizenship behavior, an individual's pro-social behavior in an online context. An individual's pro-social behavior, i.e., online citizenship behavior, could be considered as a way for the better management of online community and society. It also needs to examine the development of online citizenship behavior. This study examined online citizenship behavior from the friendship desire. Because online society or community is characterized by online relationships between members, the friendship between members would lead to pro-social behavior, i.e., helping others and promoting the functioning of the online society, in such online context. This study further examines the antecedents of friendship desire in terms of SNS interactivity with its four factors. The findings based on the survey from real SNS users explain that the three factors of SNS interactivity (connectivity, enjoyment, and synchronicity) increases online friendship desire which then increases online citizenship behavior significantly. This study contributes to the literature by examining the key role of online friendship desire in leading to online citizenship behavior and identifying its antecedents in terms of SNS characteristics. The findings in this study also provide guidance on how to manage online society and how to promote the effective functioning of SNS.