• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2001

Online games have become the focus of entertainment and multimedia industries as the developments in computer technologies are accelerated and the use of the Internet diffuses broadly. In spite of such growth of online games, academic discussions regarding online games are relatively limited. This research examines several factors that affect player loyalty to online games. In this research, the loyalty is classified into two categories, the behavioral loyalty measured by the intensity, volume, and frequency of use, and the cognitive loyalty measured by the degree of immersion in online games. In this research, an integrated model to explain and predict player loyalty to online games in proposed. Two studies are conducted to test to research model. Throughout analyzing 334 respondents, the first study finds that the impulsive personality of individual players significantly affects both behavioral loyalty and cognitive loyalty. Additionally, it finds that, whereas the behavioral loyalty is influenced by the convenience of online game playing, the cognitive loyalty is influenced by the motive of game playing and the playfulness of games. The second study finds that the behavioral loyalty differs across demographic differences of players (age and occupation), preferred online games of players, and online game playing locations, but the cognitive loyalty differs across only age differences of players. This research has opened a forum for social awareness about the online game culture, provided information to guide online game producers to prepare customer-oriented online games, and created a foundation for academic research on online game industry.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2001

In recent years, the market for online computer games has become an important part in the entertainment industry. New online games have been introduced every month and the numbers of game players who are playing online games have grown rapidly. However, only a few online games have been successful in making a good profit among many online games. Why are most players playing only a few online games repeatedly? To answer the question, this research focuses on the customer loyalty and their optimal experience(flow) in playing specific online games. This research hypothesizes that customer loyalty for specific online game can be increased by customers' optimal experience(flow) in playing it, and they would feel optimal experience because of mechanic and social interaction in online games. In order to validate the hypothesis, this research analyzes online survey data of players of various online games. According to this survey results, players' optimal experience is affected by their mechanic interaction between a player and an online game system, and their social interaction with other players who participated in the online game. And their optimal experience during playing the online game affects the degree of customer loyalty to the game. This paper ends with conclusions of the survey results and study limits.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.263-280
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• 2014

본 연구는 부모 세대 집단과 청소년 세대 집단이 온라인 게임 인식의 주요 하위 차원인 온라인 게임의 유해성과 유익성, 온라인 게임의 영향과 가치, 온라인 게임과 관련한 부모-자녀 관계, 온라인 게임 규제에 대해 어떠한 생각들을 가지고 있고, 각 세대 집단 간에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 확인하기 위해 수행하였다. 이를 위해 수도권에 거주하는 중, 고등학생 청소년 155명과 중, 고등학생 부모 192명, 총 347명을 대상으로 온라인 게임 인식 척도 문항을 활용하여 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 온라인 게임인식의 주요 하위 차원에서 부모 세대 집단과 청소년 세대 집단의 공통점과 차이점을 확인하였다. 특히 온라인 게임의 폭력성과 사회성 항목에서 부모 집단과 청소년 집단의 인식의 차이가 크게 나타나, 이 두영역에 대한 세대 간의 인식의 차이가 온라인 게임을 둘러싼 부모 세대와 청소년 세대의 갈등의 중요한 지점이 되고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 온라인 게임과 관련한 부모-자녀 관계에 대한 인식에서도 세대 집단 간 차이가 분명하게 드러나, 청소년 시기 발달 과정 속에서의 부모-자녀 관계가 온라인 게임과 관련한 부모-자녀 관계에도 반영되고 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 현실 상황에서 직면하는 구체적인 활동 수준에서 온라인 게임에 대한 세대 집단 간 인식 차이를 세밀하게 조망했다는데 의의가 있다. 또한 온라인 게임과 관련된 부모-자녀 갈등의 원인이 되는 구체적인 지점이 무엇인지 확인하였다는 데에서 실용적인 시사점을 지닌다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2004

Many online content providers who use the Internet to distribute contents, such as news, music, games, books, and other types of information, have been experiencing an extremely competitive business environment. To survive in this environment, they have started charging a fee for the contents that they provide. However, there have been very few success stories in commercializing online contents. One of the biggest hurdles may be customers' psychological resistance against paying a fee for the contents that have been free of charge previously. Without examining customers' perceived prices for online contents, many online content providers have tended to decide their prices by themselves. Online games are not exceptional cases. Although many online game-related research works have focused on psychological and technical aspects, very few works have examined online garners' preference carefully. This study alms at exploring online garners' preference by measuring their WTP (willingness to pay) for online games.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2008

인터넷 접속이 필수조건인 온라인 게임과는 달리 전용 게임기로 오프라인에서 게임을 즐기는 비디오 게임의 온라인 커뮤니티도 온라인 게임의 커뮤니티 못지않게 활성화되고 있다. 비디오 게임 플레이어들이 인터넷에 커뮤니티를 만들고 적극적으로 활용하고 있다는 것은 비디오 게임의 "게임 플레이(Game Play)"에 온라인 커뮤니티가 중요한 역할을 하고 있다는 것을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 온라인 커뮤니티가 비디오 게임의 "게임 플레이"에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 먼저 "게임 플레이"의 의미와 평가 항목에 대하여 알아보았다. 그리고 비디오 게임의 온라인 커뮤니티를 조사하여 어떤 용도로 활용되고 있고, 어떤 내용들로 구성되어 있는지 살펴보았다. 플레이어들의 온라인 커뮤니티 활동 내용을 "게임 플레이"의 평가 항목에 의하여 분석하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 온라인 게임 커뮤니티가 비디오 게임의 "게임 플레이"에 미치는 영향에 대하여 정리해 보았다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of online game properties, social interaction, and player satisfaction on intention to online games in Chinese gamers. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is an empirical analysis assuming that properties of online games, social interaction and satisfaction will induce Chinese gamers' intention to play online games. We set the relationship between the six variables as follows. First, the properties of online games, exogenous variables, were identified by three factors: entertainment, security, participation and challenge. Second, we had input social interaction among gamers as another exogenous variables. Third, the gamer's satisfaction of online games was added to the research model as a mediating variable between exogenous variables and endogenous variables. Finally, gamer's intention to play influenced by satisfaction and social interaction was used as final endogenous variable. The data used for the empirical analysis were collected through questionnaires for Chinese under age 35 who enjoy the online games. The data used in the research were finally extracted from 195 questionnaires. The collected data were tested through the analysis of the measurement model (Step 1) and the analysis of the structural model (Step 2). The covariance structure equation model (SEM) was used for the analysis. The measurement model and structural model were evaluated by the maximum likelihood method. Results - The results of the empirical analysis are as follows. The satisfaction of online games were entertainment and security had a significant effect to satisfaction; but participation and challenge and social interaction had no significant effect on satisfaction. The social interaction among gamers and the satisfaction with online games have a significant influence on the intention to play online games. As a result, the attributes of the game were affecting the intention to play the game after satisfaction. Social interaction influenced the intention to play online games rather than satisfaction itself. Conclusions - This study provide some practical implications for the new companies who want to enter the online game industry and seek to competitiveness in China, and provide theoretical implications on the role of interaction among gamers in the study of online games.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.37-57
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• 2004

Online games are very popular among adolescents in Korea. They sometimes lead to cyber delinquency. An ethnographic analysis was conducted in this study to address the social significance of online games. The results showed that the adolescents who were addicted to or indulged in the games were likely to commit delinquency online and/or offline. Delinquency in an information society is typically individualistic, whereas deviant behaviors in an industrial society are more social and collective, such as group violence. Parenting style, student-teacher relationship, peer pressure, game environment, and recreational facilities for the adolescents were intertwined with such adolescent delinquency. Finally, some implications of the online games from the perspective of social welfare practice were discussed to prevent online game indulgence and addiction and adolescent delinquency.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.852-865
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• 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, games played an important role in people's lives. Numerous online users flocked to the game platform, and brand companies started using online games to promote their products. Medical institutions have also implemented policies for healthy physical activity through online games. In order to attract more global game users, research on immersion in games is also very important to prevent users from leaving the platform. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the common immersion elements of popular games by country and study them from the perspective of changing devices. In this paper, representative popular games of Korea, China, and Japan, which are recently called the dark horse of the game industry, are classified by devices of mobile, online PCs, and VR games and analyzed using immersion analysis tools proposed by researcher. Next, the representative metaverse games of the Web 3.0 era were analyzed, and their characteristics were compared with the results of the immersion analysis between Korea, China, and Japan, and proposed as game immersion elements suitable for metabus games.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영정보학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.383-393
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• 2008

Online games are the popular topic due to the increased total online game market volume nowadays. And many studies on online games are released. But most studies used the questionnaire method that reveals only section of the situation like a snapshot. For this reason, previous studies have a little limitation that does not show dynamical changing issues like a product life cycle and changes in customer's mind Because of this, we studied on online games with the system dynamic model which can show dynamic simulations to analysis time series data. We chose MMORPG (Massively Multi-play Online) RPG (Role Playing Game) in sort of online games because it has many absorbing factors and enthusiastic users. We designed the simulation model which analyzes the influences of update and CRM strategy on users. We put the game developer who is ready for updated version game and released that periodically and focused on dormant users who used to be enthusiastic about MMORPG. The simulation results showed that the update has positive influences on new users gathering and hold established users. And CRM strategies help to prevent dormant users from transferring to rivals by offering them re-absorbing factors. Through this study, we confirmed the importance of update on online games and the necessity of introducing CRM strategy in the online game market.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2010

사람들은 인터넷 활동이 중독이라는 부정적 측면 때문에 교육적 활용을 자제하는 분위기가 형성되어 있다. 그러나 온라인 교육용 게임은 흥미 유발과 함께 학습자-교수자간의 원활한 상호작용을 끌어낼 수 있는 좋은 수업자료이고, 몰입과 관련한 선행 연구들에서는 인터넷이 주는 긍정적 측면을 검증했다. 온라인 교육용 게임이 개인별 학습 분야의 유용한 도구라는 점을 고려하면, 앞으로의 연구는 개별화에 초점을 맞춘 몰입 연구가 요구된다. 본 논문은 온라인 교육용 게임에서 개인의 인지양식에 따라 학습몰입 구성 요소들 간에 어떠한 차이를 보이는지 밝힌다.