• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.221-242
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• 2020

Purpose This study collects data of the recently activated online black market and analyzes it to present a specific method for preparing for a hacking attack. This study aims to make safe from the cyber attacks, including hacking, from the perspective of individuals and businesses by closely analyzing hacking methods and tools in a situation where they are easily shared. Design/methodology/approach To prepare for the hacking attack through the online black market, this study uses the routine activity theory to identify the opportunity factors of the hacking attack. Based on this, text mining and social network techniques are applied to reveal the most dangerous areas of security. It finds out suitable targets in routine activity theory through text mining techniques and motivated offenders through social network analysis. Lastly, the absence of guardians and the parts required by guardians are extracted using both analysis techniques simultaneously. Findings As a result of text mining, there was a large supply of hacking gift cards, and the demand to attack sites such as Amazon and Netflix was very high. In addition, interest in accounts and combos was in high demand and supply. As a result of social network analysis, users who actively share hacking information and tools can be identified. When these two analyzes were synthesized, it was found that specialized managers are required in the areas of proxy, maker and many managers are required for the buyer network, and skilled managers are required for the seller network.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.273-287
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• 2024

Purpose - This study conducts the co-occurrence analysis, one of the social network analysis using global OTA's online reviews and grades in order to understand the experience structure of foreign tourists visiting cutural tourism resources in Jeju, Korea. Design/methodology/approach - For this purpose, this study selects 6 cultural tourism resources in Jeju as the study sites, and collects qualitative review data (noun, adjectives, and verb) and quantitative grade data. Findings - The co-occurrence network analysis between words and grade of market and street shows that the grade of 5 appears the most simultaneous with pork, buy, lot, try, fresh, black, food, price, seafood, local, market, good, street, etc. and the grade of 1 connects with small, dish, better, taste, etc. And the co-occurrence network analysis between words and grade of tradition and folklore shows that the grade of 5 appears the most simultaneous with village, place, museum, visit, time, life, culture, women, diver, use, lot, etc. and the grade of 1 connects with minute, spend, room, recommend, honey, etc. Research implications or originality - The above research results are relevant in order to find out the core experience of foreign tourists using online review and grade generated by foreign tourists and use as the important information to develop the strategies related to the planning and management of cultural tourism resources.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.33-51
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to provide practical implications for Korean companies searching for new market opportunities. From the experimental analysis, the impact of country image on product-country image and purchase intention of Korean products are measured. In addition, this study disaggregates the impacts of country image and product-country image and purchase intention among ethnic groups in South Africa for searching further useful implications. Design/methodology - To examine South African consumers' country image and product-country image towards Korean products, data were collected between June and July 2019 through an online questionnaire, and 335 questionnaires were used for analysis. Firstly, the multivariate analysis was conducted to examine the general tendency of South African consumers' perceptions of country image to Korea, product-country image, and purchase intention among three ethnic group consumers. Then in order to verify the country image model and hypotheses of the study, we analyzed the structural models for each of the three ethnic groups and compared the sizes of the path coefficients for each groups. To compare the difference of path coefficients across ethnic groups, configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance tests were conducted sequentially. Findings - In the black and white ethnic groups, the country image had a statistically significant impact on product-country image, but it did not affect the purchase intention to Korean products. The product-country image showed a statistically significant impact on the purchase intention to Korean products in both ethnic group. However, in the coloured ethnic group consumer, the country image had a significant effect on the product-country image, but it did not affect the purchase intention of Korean products. In addition, the product-country image did not have a significant influence on the purchase intention of coloured ethnic group consumers unlike black and white ethnic group consumers. The results of this study suggest that even though differences in terms of the impact of CoI on PCI and PI were investigated for the sample of white, coloured, and black respondents, the groups seemed to respond in a reasonably comparable manner. Originality/value - South Africa occupies more than 20% of Africa's total GDP in sub-Saharan Africa and is a hub for Southern African logistics as a hub for Korean companies to enter Africa. However, it is rare to find a study focused on the determinants of consumer behavior in South Africa. In particular, this study disaggregates the impacts of country image and product-country image on consumer behavior across ethnic groups in South Africa. Therefore, this study could provide practical implications for Korean firms which desire to diversify their export markets and pioneer future markets.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2024

Red ginseng is manufactured as a health-functional food and is also present in various food types and in different product forms. However, there is currently no standardized regulation of ginsenoside content in foods containing red ginseng. In the present study, we analyzed the ginsenoside content of 66 red ginseng-containing foods and 35 health-functional foods collected online and directly from the market. The ginsenoside content was assessed using liquid chromatography (LC) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. The ginsenoside content of the various food types ranged 0.0 (not detected)-71.567 mg per daily intake of foods containing red ginseng. Sugar-preserved foods had the highest ginsenoside content, followed by solid teas, liquid teas, and red ginseng beverages. For health-functional foods, the ginsenoside content ranged 3.4-58.5 mg per daily intake, with levels ranging 83-607% of the indicated amounts. All values met the established standards. Upon comparing red ginseng health-functional foods and red ginseng-containing foods, the average ginsenoside content was determined to be 18.21 and 8.79 mg, respectively, thus being nearly twice as high in health-functional foods. However, there was a minimal difference between the ginsenoside content of red and black ginseng, with values of 11.84 and 12.63 mg, respectively. These findings provide insights on the variations in ginsenoside content of red and black ginseng in various food forms. This information is expected to be valuable for future regulations and consumer choice of products containing red ginseng.