• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a method dividing effectively the hand and fingers using general webcam. The method executes 4 times empirically preprocessing one to erase noise. First, it erases the overall noise of the image using Gaussian smoothing. Second, it changes from RGB image to HSV color model and YCbCr color model, executes a global static binarization based on the statistical value for each color model, and erase the noise through bitwise-OR operation. Third, it executes outline approximation and inner region filling algorithm using RDP algorithm and Flood fill algorithm and erase noise. Lastly, it erases noise through morphological operation and determines the threshold propositional to the image size and selects the hand and fingers area. This paper compares to existing one color based hand area division method and focuses the noise deduction and can be used to a gesture recognition application.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.220-229
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• 2011

This paper focuses on a development of an anthropomorphic robot hand. Human hand is able to dexterously grasp and manipulate various objects with not accurate and sufficient, but inaccurate and scarce information of target objects. In order to realize the ability of human hand, we develop a robot hand and introduce a control scheme for stable grasping by using only kinematic information. The developed anthropomorphic robot hand, KITECH Hand, has one thumb and three fingers. Each of them has 4 DOF and a soft hemispherical finger tip for flexible opposition and rolling on object surfaces. In addition to a thumb and finger, it has a palm module composed the non-slip pad to prevent slip phenomena between the object and palm. The introduced control scheme is a quitely simple based on the principle of virtual work, which consists of transposed Jacobian, joint angular position, and velocity obtained by joint angle measurements. During interaction between the robot hand and an object, the developed robot hand shows compliant grasping motions by the back-drivable characteristics of equipped actuator modules. To validate the feasibility of the developed robot hand and introduced control scheme, collective experiments are carried out with the developed robot hand, KITECH Hand.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.399-408
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• 2012

Hand gesture recognition is an important area of research in the field of Human Computer Interaction (HCI). The geometric attributes of the hand play an important role in hand shape reconstruction and gesture recognition. That said, fingertips are one of the important attributes for the detection of hand gestures and can provide valuable information from hand images. Many methods are available in scientific literature for fingertips detection with an open hand but very poor results are available for fingertips detection when the hand is closed. This paper presents a new method for the detection of fingertips in a closed hand using the corner detection method and an advanced edge detection algorithm. It is important to note that the skin color segmentation methodology did not work for fingertips detection in a closed hand. Thus the proposed method applied Gabor filter techniques for the detection of edges and then applied the corner detection algorithm for the detection of fingertips through the edges. To check the accuracy of the method, this method was tested on a vast number of images taken with a webcam. The method resulted in a higher accuracy rate of detections from the images. The method was further implemented on video for testing its validity on real time image capturing. These closed hand fingertips detection would help in controlling an electro-mechanical robotic hand via hand gesture in a natural way.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 1992

The Waterway System for the Very Large Ships is One of the Important System connected between Marine Transport System and Exclusive Terminal. This study analyzed the Turning Configurations and Placement of Fairway Buoys in Waterway at the Port of Kwangyang to make Optimal Suggestion of for Ship's Safe Navigation. The following Conclusions are drawn : 1) In Area Section A, Starboard hand Buoy No14 should be changed its Location and Light Rhythms, and Buoy Nos.13 '||'&'||' 16 are required their Light Rhythms to be changed. 2) Especially in Area Section B located before the Turning Basin, The Location and Light Rhythms of Nos.20 '||'&'||' 22 buoys at Starboard Hand should be changed, Port Hand No.21 also should be done, and East Cardinal Buoy located between Nos.21and 23 should be changed its Light Rhythms, or removed if possible. 3) Buoy no.19 of Lateral Port Hand in Section B should be changed "Preferred Channel to Startboard" to distinguish Main Channel from Secondary One.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1992년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.104-112
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• 1992

The objectives of this study were: (a) to find the maximum ac- ceptable weight which can be carried for 8 hours using a psycho- physical method for front, side (one hand and two hands) and back carrying, and (b) to develop models which could predict the ac- ceptable maximum weight in carrying using isometric strength and anthropometric data. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to find the maximum acceptable weight in front side and back carrying. Six college students participated in the experiment. It was found that subjects were willing to carry the heaviest load using two-hand side carrying (average maximum acceptable weight: 7.76 kg). Back carrying was the close second with 6.62 kg. Also, there was a significant difference (p< 0.01) in maximum acceptable weight for carrying between one-hand (4.40kg) and two-hand side carrying.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2016

Hand posture recognition is an important technique to enable a natural and familiar interface in the human-computer interaction (HCI) field. This paper introduces a hand posture recognition method using a depth camera. Moreover, the hand posture recognition method is incorporated with the Moving Picture Experts Group Rich Media User Interface (MPEG-U) Advanced User Interaction (AUI) Interface (MPEG-U part 2), which can provide a natural interface on a variety of devices. The proposed method initially detects positions and lengths of all fingers opened, and then recognizes the hand posture from the pose of one or two hands, as well as the number of fingers folded when a user presents a gesture representing a pattern in the AUI data format specified in MPEG-U part 2. The AUI interface represents a user's hand posture in the compliant MPEG-U schema structure. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of the hand posture recognition system and verified that the AUI interface is compatible with the MPEG-U standard.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.547-555
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• 2014

This paper presents a method for hand segmentation using depth information, and adaptive threshold by means of histogram analysis and color clustering in HSV color model. We consider hand area as a nearer object to the camera than background on depth information. And the threshold of hand color is adaptively determined by clustering using the matching of color values on the input image with one of the regions of hue histogram. Experimental results demonstrate 95% accuracy rate. Thus, we confirmed that the proposed method is effective for hand segmentation in variations of hand color, scale, rotation, pose, different lightning conditions and any colored background.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze effects of hand drying methods after hand-washing. Hand drying methods consisted of spontaneous evaporation, paper towel, hand dryer with rubbing, and hand dryer without rubbing. Methods: The research design was a crossover design. The subjects were eighteen university students and randomly assigned in four group. Each group had the schedule of treatment. The schedule tested one drying method per a day and proceeded for 4 days. The data collection was performed from July 27 to July 30, 2010. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon test. Results: There was significant difference between the after CFU between natural dry, paper towel, air dryer with hand rubbing, and air dryer without hand rubbing(p=.006). The after CFUs of paper towel, natural dry and air dryer without hand rubbing groups were statistically less than air dryer with hand rubbing group. Conclusion: It was shown that the paper towel, spontaneous evaporation and without rubbing hand dryer are effective hand drying interventions on reducing CFU on hand. However additional researches with large sample and strict methodology are needed.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate hand washing practice and proper hand cleansing among first and second year nursing students who are prone to be exposed to nosocomial infections, and to identify the influence of perceived behavior control and self-efficacy on hand washing practices and proper hand cleansing. Method: Data for 91 students were collected from a nursing college in a metropolitan city in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 19.0. Result: The mean score for hand washing practice was 38.35 out of a possible score of 48, and the mean sore for proper hand cleansing was 18.63 out of a possible score of 28. The significant factors affecting student hand washing practice were 'residential type' (p=.016), 'perceived behavior control' (p=.021), and 'self-efficacy' (p=.033) which explained 19.9% of the variance. The significant factors affecting proper hand cleansing by the students were 'perceived behavior control' (p<.001) and 'regular exercise' (p=.026) which explained 29.8% of the variance. Conclusion: These results indicate a need for education programs on hand washing including strategies to improve perceived behavior control and self-efficacy to promote more effective hand washing practices.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제11B권7호
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• pp.861-866
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• 2004

자판은 문자론 대상으로 인간과 인지단말기 사이를 이어주는 연결고리로서 인지활동으로 얻어진 지적 내용물을 정보기구로 입력시키는 장치다. 이러한 이유로 자판은 인간과 기계가 어울려지는 인기일체(人機一體)시스템으로 "인지 공학적 고려"와 "행동 과학적 효율"이 동시에 고려해야한다. 본 논문은 정음한글의 정보공학적 특성을 반영하여 한손자판을 배치 하였고, 어문결합에 의한 오인식 정정 및 문장 편집이 가능한 정음한손자판을 설계 및 구현 하였다.