• 무역상무연구
• /
• 제47권
• /
• pp.379-402
• /
• 2010

The Korea Foreign Trade Act(KFTA) was revised the penal provisions of the breach of the Country of Origin Labeling(COOL) recently. The ceiling of penalties became to 5 years for imprisonment, one hundred or three hundred million won for fine. The level of penalties are adjudged quite fair but the amount of penalty should be increased according to the profits from the breach or the nature of crime in some cases. The problems of the penalties are differences between KFTA and other related laws. There are related several laws on the breach of the COOL such as KFTA, Unfair Trade related Law, Customs Law, Consumer Protection Law, Law of COOL on Agricultural and Marine products etc. The penal provisions of the breach of the COOL has more heavier level than other the breach because of the criminal qualities. The problems are the penalty differences between the KFTA and the Unfair Trade Law under the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. The KFTA's penal provisions need to equate with Unfair Trade Law as long as same breaches on the COOL. The government can also consider some policies to rigid enforcement of breaches on the COOL. There are the Country of Origin Tracking system, the RoO Paparazzi System, Make public the names of habitual RoO Violators, Correction Order of breach of the COOL etc.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.99-107
• /
• 2021

This study analyzes the differences in definitions and concepts of terms used in the statistical indicators of fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers among countries included in the ILOSTAT data explorer. In addition, improvement measures focusing on the limitations in international comparison are proposed. Five countries-the Republic of Korea, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, United States-- were comparatively analyzed. These countries were selected according to the significance of differences in their definitions of workplace injuries, workers, and compensation insurance, and their reporting systems. Considering these differences before directly comparing statistical indicators of fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers among countries is necessary because the range of comparison groups and the definition of fatal occupational injury are different for each country. While one can also compare trends by country, it is necessary to investigate beforehand whether the criteria and methods for processing statistics have changed. Misinterpretation can be minimized by properly understanding the process and limitations of fatal occupational statistical indicators that may differ from country to country.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.465-474
• /
• 2021

'심각한 급성 호흡기 증후군 코로나 바이러스 2(SARS-CoV-2)'에 의한 질병인 코로나-19는 2020년 3월 세계 보건기구에서 세계적인 전염병 대유행으로 선언되었고, 대부분의 나라에서 선별 및 확진을 위한 진단검사법으로 실시간 중합효소 연쇄반응 검사를 시행한다. 그러나 국가별 목표유전자 및 프로토콜이 다를 뿐만 아니라 진단결과의 판독절차도 다양해서 국가별로 확진자의 기준 역시 다르다. 이에 본 종설에서는 세계보건기구에서 고시한 국가별 목표유전자 및 검사기법, 진단기준을 비교하였고, 검사의 특이도와 민감도, 최소검출 한계, 양성 및 음성 대조군, 교차반응 후보군, 검체 대조군 설정 등의 특이사항도 함께 살펴보았다. 또한 각국의 검사기법과 한국의 검사기법의 특징을 고찰하였다. 마지막으로 향후 전세계가 '심각한 급성 호흡기 증후군 코로나 바이러스 2'에 대한 동일한 진단결과를 얻기 위하여 코로나-19 진단에 대한 표준화된 진단방법 및 결과판독 등을 제언하였다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 7th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Summit Forum on Sustainable Construction and Management
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2017

Korea's domestic construction market and overseas construction order environment are experiencing a decreasing trend, and this trend is expected to continue. Therefore, domestic construction companies are seeking to enter the global construction market. This study analyzes the global construction market and the global competitiveness for global construction companies and provides the results. To this end, this study has developed a model to evaluate the global construction competitiveness level and to evaluated global construction competitiveness in 2016. The evaluation of global construction competitiveness was analyzed based on the competitiveness of construction infrastructure by country, and the evaluation results of competitiveness of construction companies. These assessments were based on 20 detailed international statistics (ENR, Global Insight, Compass, etc.). The evaluation results are as follows. First, in regard to the comprehensive global construction competitiveness by country, America ranked first among 20 countries, followed by China. European countries like Spain, Germany and the Netherlands ranked third to fifth, respectively. Korea ranked sixth, one rank higher than that of the previous year. America and European countries remain strong. Second, in regard to the comprehensive building infrastructure competitiveness by country, America ranked first followed by Germany. Korea ranked twelfth, which is the same rank as that of the previous year. When it comes to stability in the construction market, China ranked first and Korea eighth. For construction systems, Sweden ranked first and Korea thirteenth, and for infrastructure, Japan ranked first and Korea tenth. Third, according to the construction company's capability evaluation by country, America ranked first followed by China. Korea ranked fourth, two ranks higher than that of the previous year because of its building competitiveness (fifth → fourth) and design competitiveness (eleventh → eighth) which has improved. When it comes to building competitiveness, China ranked first and Korea fourth. For design competitiveness, America ranked first and Korea eighth, and for price competitiveness, India ranked first and Korea seventh. However, Korea is still in the middle of the pack rank among the 20 countries considered when it comes to design competitiveness. It is ranked eleventh for design productivity and thirteenth for foreign sales against the total sales (internationalization). Thus, Korea needs to improve technical power and tap into new markets for improved competitiveness, including increased productivity. To do so, more R&D investment is required.

• 시큐리티연구
• /
• 제6호
• /
• pp.123-146
• /
• 2003

International sports events are no longer simple sports events. They are kinds of political and diplomatic events which are focused on international interests and they have to be held successfully to achieve their goal. Recently their economic effects have become one of the most important purposes. Almost all countries are doing there best to host international sports events for the purpose of advertising their own countries. But if there are terrorists who are to attack international sports events, the purpose of international sports events to improve friendship between nations and the peace of all mankinds will be seriously damaged. Also host country will be seriously damaged politically, diplomatically and economically. This article examines rapidly increasing international terrorism after 9.11 and analyzes the recent world terrorism situations and furthermore proposes legal and systemic countermeasures of our country to concentrate nation's abilities to prevent these kinds of sports terrorism.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 기술경영경제학회 1996년도 제10회 동계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.154-178
• /
• 1996

This paper applies the technology-gap trade theory to explaining radical changes in the competitive positions of countries in world machine tool markets over the last three decades. It develops the notion that the innovation gaps in machine tools among countries led to the inter-country differences in the competitive performance in the sector as well as in its user sectors. Since competitive advantage largely depends on a capability to improve, create and apply technology to market competition, a higher innovative performance in one country than another is closely related to a higher innovative performance. A higher innovative performance in machine tools is also associated with a higher competitive performance of the large areas of its user sectors, due to sectoral interdependences and externalities generated by machine tool innovations. The results of empirical investigation through a panel data analysis show that the international gaps in machine tool innovations appeared to have a positive significant relationship with the differences in the export performance of both the machine tool sector and its user sector across countries.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.212-215
• /
• 2006

The Beautiful rest room is simple how to think. We need to understand that excretion is important as much as eating. When we didn't have foods, eating was important in itself no matter what our lives environments. But now we want to eat in more dignified and more cultural place. Most of restaurants spend money on adjusting place for the consumes' desire. It is same way about rest room, it is time to change our rest room to place of rest and speculation over the place which we fix our natural urge. We can fix our natural urge, take a rest, and get creative ideas in more convenient, more healthy and more comfortable. It is time for us to change out thought about rest room; it is not dirty and stink place, but civilized living place like developed country. Also, we need new concept to take a triangular position about rest room is one of structure over just decorations. This research suggest new public rest room without precedent based on instance analysis about rest room inside and outside the country.

• 경영과정보연구
• /
• 제12권
• /
• pp.181-201
• /
• 2003

An employee employment of Enterprise must consider efficiency, balance attribute and effectiveness as important variable. but Our country's Enterprise reduce the personnel without basic guide line about employee employment. because Our country's Enterprise thinks of personnel expenses or sales amount decrease as important variable. Therefore, Research background sets out that there is no basic guideline for employment management one of the most important elements in Enterprise administration. and I examined employment control's concept and concept about softness of labor market in theoretical background setting. Also, was abreast of employment control effect, case study and literature research about employment control's basis. Finally, In fluctuation change of Enterprise's employee number, I examined which relation is formed in comparison with sales amount, net profit and the employee number of individual Enterprise using investment analysis material of Stock Company focused on Enterprise that stock is listed on the stock exchange.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2017

The prevalence of diabetes and its related morbidity and mortality are being increased. Despite the advancement of evidence-based pharmacotherapy in the management of diabetes, many patients in our country do not achieve satisfied therapeutic outcomes. Pharmaceutical care service can be defined as a patient-centered clinical service provided by pharmacists to improve therapeutic outcomes and quality of life of patients, by identifying, and preventing or resolving drug-related problems (DRPs). Pharmaceutical care service is interdisciplinary team-based practice, and is provided through collaborative practice agreement (CPA) between one or more physicians and pharmacists. This article describes a model of pharmaceutical care service which can be adopted in our country for patients with diabetes in the ambulatory care settings. With the successful implementation of this service, clinical, economic, and humanistic outcomes of patients will be improved. Therefore, by actively implementing pharmaceutical care service, pharmacist should contribute to the promotion of patients' health and to the advancement of health care delivery system.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 1970

As a result of inquiry about menarche age, existence or non-existence of menstruation, comparative menarche age by regina groups, and monthly occurrence rate of menarche among 1642 school girls in Kwangju district, we obtained the following conclusion. 1. The menarche age of school girls in Kwangju district was 10-17, and the average age was 14.03$\pm$1.85. 2. According to the percentage of menarche occurrence by the present age. we got a fact that 58.67% had menarche at 13 to 15-year-old school girls. So the tendency is that menarche occurs sooner by degrees. 3. As a result of inquiry about the existence or non-existence of menarche by the present age, 54.54% have not had menarche among 15-year-old school girls. There is one person who have not had it at 18, and none that have not had it at over 19. 4. The menarche age by regional groups shows that menarche occurs at 13.85 in the city and at 14.27 in the country: those inhabited in the city have menarche sooner than those in the country. 5. Monthly rate of menarche occurrence shows that August in the largest number, December the second, January the third, and so on.