• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1431-1440
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• 2009

A subway in Seoul has had a major role of public transportation after the opening of Seoul Subway Line 1 on August 15, 1974 and it has reached 34.7% of the transportation of Seoul citizens. The extended length of the subway system suppled with DC power in Korea is about 500km. In this system, the devices which are proper for regenerative power system are being required because of changeover from old braking and ATS signal system to regenerative braking and ATO signal system. In this paper, we reviewed the safety standards for the insulated hangers in overhead contact line. These hangers which have depended on foreign imports are being developed in Korea considering ease of demand and supply and economic effects.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.254-262
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• 2009

e비즈니스가 활발히 이루어지면서 소비자들은 온라인 쇼핑몰올 통해 수많은 상품을 접할 수 있게 되었고, 상품구매 시 다른 사람들의 리뷰를 참고하게 되었다. 하지만, 리뷰의 수도 많아짐에 따라 소비자가 모든 리뷰들을 살펴보기가 힘들다는 문제점이 대두되었으며 이를 해결하기 위해서 리뷰의 상품에 대한 평가를 요약하고 성향을 파악하는 오피니언 마이닝 연구가 나타나게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 상품리뷰를 대상으로 오피니언 마이닝을 수행하는 경우 어휘의 의견 성향을 파악할 때, 문맥정보를 활용하여 기존의 의견분류방법 보다 좀 더 정확한 의견 판단이 가능한 방법에 대해 다루고 있다. 이를 위해, 어휘가 사용될 때의 문맥정보를 정의하고 이를 의견분류에 적용하는 방법을 제안하였으며, 실험을 통하여 기존 연구 보다 상황별 알맞은 의견분류가 가능함을 보였다. 또한 수작업으로 말뭉치의 핵심 어휘들을 정의했던 기존 연구들에서의 방식에서 벗어나, 리뷰본문과 리뷰점수를 활용하여 자동으로 상황에 맞는 말뭉치를 구축하는 방법도 제안하였다. 이를 통해 상품리뷰에 나타난 어휘들의 문맥에 맞는 의미 성향을 정확하고 쉽게 판별해 낼 수 있게 되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3645-3649
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of third-line combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer that relapsed after primary and second-line CAB. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 52 patients who received first-, second-, and third-line CAB therapy (medical or surgical castration, plus steroidal antiandrogen of chlormadinone acetate, or nonsteroidal antiandrogen of flutamide or bicalutamide). For cumulative analysis, we searched the PubMed database and identified a total of 50 cases published in English. Including our cases, this provided a total of 102 cases for analysis. In our study cohort, 11 cases (21.2%) achieved more than 50% reduction of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) on initiation of third-line CAB. We found that third-line CAB with nonsteroidal antiandrogen after second-line CAB with steroidal antiandrogen exhibited favorable results, with a positive response in six of 13 patients (46.2%). Cumulative analysis findings were comparable. Regarding the timing of third-line CAB administration, 15 patients had started at a PSA equal to or less than 4.0 ng/ml, and eight of them (53.3%) showed a positive response to treatment, compared to only three of 37 patients (8.1%) whose PSA at the initiation of third-line therapy was higher than 4.0 ng/ml (p<0.001). We conclude that third-line CAB with nonsteroidal antiandrogen would be particularly useful for patients whose cancer progressed after second-line CAB with steroidal antiandrogen. The timing of treatment seems to be important because the higher the PSA at the start of third-line therapy, the lower the PSA response rate.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.863-879
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• 2019

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be noninvasively diagnosed on the basis of its characteristic imaging findings of arterial phase enhancement and portal/delayed "washout" on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in cirrhotic patients. However, different specific diagnostic criteria have been proposed by several countries and major academic societies. In 2018, major guideline updates were proposed by the Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), Korean Liver Cancer Association and National Cancer Center (KLCA-NCC) of Korea. In addition to dynamic CT and MRI using extracellular contrast media, these new guidelines now include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using hepatobiliary contrast media as the first-line diagnostic test, while the KLCA-NCC and EASL guidelines also include contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) as the second-line diagnostic test. Therefore, hepatobiliary MR contrast media and CEUS will be increasingly used for the noninvasive diagnosis and staging of HCC. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of hepatobiliary phase MRI and CEUS for the diagnosis of HCC and also review the changes in the HCC diagnostic criteria in major guidelines, including the KLCA-NCC practice guidelines version 2018. In addition, we aimed to pay particular attention to some remaining issues in the noninvasive diagnosis of HCC.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1653-1661
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• 2008

A trial run of locally-developed tilting train has been in process on Chungbuk line since the test vehicle was first produced. For the system stabilization, interface verification among the systems including track, structure, catenary and signaling system, not to mention the rolling stock, is very crucial. In the area of wayside structure, the stability of track structure and train run shall be evaluated through the review of impact by increased speed by developed train on track structure. The study thus was intended to evaluate the impact on track while a tilting train is running the conventional line(ballast track), which is vulnerable to accelerated train speed. The evaluation of tilting train test running the part of Honam line was conducted to identify the impact on existing track performance by tilting train. To identify the performance of each part of track components while tilting train and high speed train were running the existing line, wheel load, rail bending stress, vertical displacement of rail and sleeper were compared so as to evaluate the expected impact by tilting train for improving the train speed.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2015

PURPOSES : This study was conducted to derive the optimum mixing ratio of phosphorescent pigment for the development of phosphorescent line marking. METHODS: In this study, we utilized a literature review and case study methodology, to describe the domestic and foreign state of practice for the production and mixing of phosphorescent pigment for use in line marking. The optimal mixing ratio was derived by comparing the reduction in luminance over time for the various phosphorescent pigment mixing ratios identified in the literature. In addition, performance and construction characteristics were analyzed using field testing techniques. RESULTS : The results were as follows: 1) the results of the luminance performance standards tests showed that all of the phosphorescence test specimens satisfied the phosphorescent fire protection standard. As the phosphorescent pigment mixing ratio increased, the luminance value increased, 2) the luminance reduction rate was minimum at the mixing ratio of 50%. However, when compared to a mixing ratio 40%, a small difference was recorded, the luminance reduction rate from the mixing ratio of 40% is judged as being converged. Therefore, in view of the economic efficiency, it was determined that the optimal mixing ratio was 40%, 3) as a result of construction on the field, a mixing ratio of 40% was found to have a higher luminance value than the general line marking for up to three hours after sunset, 4) it was found that the phosphorescent line markings without glass beads spraying had a higher luminance value than the phosphorescent line markings with glass beads spraying. CONCLUSIONS : Through the results of the basic experiments of the line markings obtained by blending a phosphorescent pigment, the results could be applied to play an important role in the development of phosphorescent line marking paint technology and in establishing application planning for on-site construction characteristics.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2020

This paper reviews studies on the types and functions of oil sensors used for machine condition monitoring. Machine condition monitoring is essential for maintaining the reliability of machines and can help avoid catastrophic failures while ensuring the safety and longevity of operation. Machine condition monitoring involves several components, such as compliance monitoring, structural monitoring, thermography, non-destructive testing, and noise and vibration monitoring. Real-time monitoring with oil analysis is also utilized in various industries, such as manufacturing, aerospace, and power plants. The three main methods of oil analysis are off-line, in-line, and on-line techniques. The on-line method is the most popular among these three because it reduces human error during oil sampling, prevents incipient machine failure, reduces the total maintenance cost, and does not need complicated setup or skilled analysts. This method has two advantages over the other two monitoring methods. First, fault conditions can be noticed at the early stages via detection of wear particles using wear particle sensors; therefore, it provides early warning in the failure process. Second, it is convenient and effective for diagnosing data regardless of the measurement time. Real-time condition monitoring with oil analysis uses various oil sensors to diagnose the machine and oil statuses; further, integrated oil sensors can be used to measure several properties simultaneously.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.159-181
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• 2004

본 연구의 목적은 인터넷뱅킹과 지점뱅킹을 동시에 사용하고 있는 고객들을 대상으로 하여 그들의 인터넷채널에 대한 충성도를 향상시키는데 있어 중요한 변수인 신뢰와 관계결속과 그것의 영향변수인 공유가치, 커뮤니케이션, 기회주의와의 관계를 온라인과 오프라인 채널을 통하여 동시에 고찰하고, 온라인과 오프라인 채널에 대한 신뢰의 상호작용과 그 역할을 고찰하는 것이다. 변수들간의 인과관계를 검정하기 위하여 LISREL 분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 온라인 환경에서는 공유가치, 커뮤니케이션, 기회주의 모두 관계결속에 중요한 영향변수로 나타났다. 둘째, 온라인 채널과 오프라인 채널에 대한 신뢰는 서로 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 온라인 채널에 대한 고객 충성도에 온라인 채널에 대한 신뢰뿐만 아니라 오프라인 채널에 대한 신뢰도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2003

In this paper, the track impact factor of conventional line was evaluated using the data for wheel load measured in field and the properties of current operating trains. The equation for track impact factor was presented through the statistical analysis of variational ratio in wheel load and compared with other design equations in domestic and foreign countries. A review on the safety of track system in conventional line was made from the relationship between the velocity and the corresponding impact factor. It was found that the impact factor from the proposed equation is a little less than the values from the equations adopted in both AREA and domestic railway, while it is same as the equation for continuous welded rail(CWR) in Japan. Therefore it could be said that the track satisfies a criteria for dynamic load caused by the train and the corresponding level of safety is guaranteed for dynamic load of the train

• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.913-927
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• 2017

This study is based on the results of the $7^{th}$ Korea Human Size Survey (Size Korea). The standard body shapes of Korean women between 25 and 34 years old were analyzed and used to develop a prototype princess line for wedding dresses. or this purpose I conducted a literature review and a survey of the actual situation of domestic ligaments. In order to select suitable ligaments for the standard body type of 25~34 year-old Korean women, I collected the most representative ligaments from around the world: Stock man from France, Superior from the USA, KIIYA from Japan, and Pig and Nonno from Korea. They were then compared and analyzed. In the form of a formal wedding dress, a prototype princess line was developed by a draping technique in order to finely implement the human body fitting. To develop the prototype of the princess line, I made test garments with muslin. 25 to 34 years old Korean female standard body type Three human subjects close to the average measurement value were selected as subjects. An exterior appearance evaluation questionnaire was created with 28 questions focusing on the main parts of the prototype princess line. The clothes were evaluated three times. In this study, aesthetic and functional elements were considered for the development of princess line prototypes for wedding dresses. In addition, the amount of spare area was given differently. This study is significant in the achievement of a dress line closest that closely matches the human body line of the standard Korean female body type.