• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.1B
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• pp.101-110
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• 2011

With the deployment of broadband networking technology, many clients are enabled to receive various Video on Demand (VoD) services. To support many clients, the network should be designed by considering the following factors: viewer's waiting time, buffer requirement at each client, number of channel required for video delivery, and video segmentation complexity. Among the currently available VoD service approaches, the Polyharmonic and Staircase broadcasting approaches show best performance with respect to each viewer's waiting time and buffer requirement, respectively. However, these approaches have the problem of dividing a video into too many segments, which causes very many channels to be managed and used at a time. To overcome this problem, we propose Polyharmonic-Staircase-Staggered (PSS) broadcasting approach that uses the Polyharmonic and Staircase approaches for the head part transmission and the Staggered approach for the tail part transmission. It is simple and bandwidth efficient. The numerical results demonstrate that our approach shows viewer's waiting time is comparable to that in the Harmonic approach with a slight increase in the bandwidth requirement, and saves the buffer requirement by about 60\% compared to the Harmonic broadcasting approach by simply adjusting the video partitioning coefficient factor. More importantly, our approach shows the best performance in terms of the number of segments and the number of channels managed and used simultaneously, which is a critical factor in real operation of VoD services. Lastly, we present how to configure the system adaptively according to the video partitioning coefficient.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.5
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• pp.425-430
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• 2007

Without the aid of stationary infrastructure, maintaining routing information for all nodes is inefficient in the Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANET). It is more efficient when every time routing information is necessary that the source node broadcasts a query message to neighbour nodes. The source node using Ad hoc On-Demand distance Vector(AODV), which is one of the routing protocols of MANET, uses the Expanding Ring Search(ERS) algorithm which finds a destination node efficiently. In order to reduce the congestion of the network, ERS algorithm does not broadcast Route REQuest(RREQ) messages in the whole network. When the timer expires, if source node does not receive Route REPly(RREP) messages from the destination node, it gradually increases TTL value and broadcasts RREQ messages. Existing AODV cost a great deal to find a destination node because it uses a fixed NODE_TRAVERSAL_TIME value. Without the message which is added in existing AODV protocols, this paper measures delay time among the neighbours' nodes by making use of HELLO messages. We propose Adaptive ERS(AERS) algorithm that makes NET_TRAVERSAL_TIME optimum which apply to the measured delay time to NODE_TRAVERSAL_TIME. AERS suppresses the unnecessary messages, making NET_TRAVERSAL_TIME optimum in this paper. So we will be able to improve a network performance. We prove the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.8A
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• pp.639-648
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• 2005

A wireless ad-hoc network is a temporal network formed by a collection of wireless mobile nodes without the aid of any existing network infrastructure or centralized ad-ministration. Numerous routing protocols have been developed for changing messages among the nodes in a wireless ad-hoc network. Some multi-path routing protocols have also been proposed to support load balancing and QoS for wireless ad-hoc networks. In this paper, we propose not only an efficient routing algorithm for wireless ad-hoc net-worts but also a protocol that can improve data transmission rate and reduce end-to-end delay. In our protocol, each mobile node need not broadcast routing messages periodically and the mobile node that wants to send data packets initiates route request and route establishment procedure. By simulation, we showed that faster route recovery is possible by maintaining multiple routing paths in each node, and the route maintenance overhead can be reduced by limiting the number of multiple routing paths.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.9B
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• pp.1098-1107
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• 2011

As recent integration of wire and wireless networks and the convergence of telecommunications and broadcasting, uniform and standardized by the broadcasting operators of existing stations to provide 4A(Any-time, Any-where, Any-device, Any-contents) services for the next-generation of multimedia services research is being progressed. Demand for theses next-generation multimedia services to ensure video compression coding technology, as well as mobility, ability to operation a variety of devices, characteristics and performance of user network and the status and conditiion, user preferences and context-awareness based on the technology has an interest in technical studies. In this paper, the current internet environment, SVC(Scalable Video Coding) encoded by a mixture of multicast and overlay multicast transmission technology for broadcasting services by designing and efficient multimedia broadcasting system is proposed. In addition, ACK-Aow Optimization by overlay multicast scheme existing tree-based overlay multicast, and by comparing the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.16D no.3
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• pp.441-450
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• 2009

This paper describes the design and implementation of Personal Mobile Broadcasting Service which bases on embedded Linux and it supports personal broadcasting in wireless network environments. Recently, with the advent of various wireless networks and the increased use of high performance mobile devices, the demand for personal mobile broadcasting is being increased. The personal mobile broadcasting service makes it possible that mobile users create contents using their own mobile devices while they are moving or they are in any place. And then, it sends the created contents to server in real-time where their blogs are. Users connected to the content creator's blog can play the contents in real-time. With the implemented personal mobile broadcasting service, mobile users can share multimedia contents in real-time through wireless networks. And, it also helps users to construct their own broadcasting stations where they can broadcast the scene of the accident or public performance in real-time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.41
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• pp.93-114
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and problems of the content of flower design education videos on YouTube and to search for improvement direction. The subjects of analysis were 129 pieces of videos uploaded in the last one year including 'craftman floral design' as a search term. The result shows that contents covered were practical lectures, theory lectures, test related tips, job and character introduction, test work, educational guidance and publicity. The production format could be divided into studio lecture, classroom lecture, video feature, interview, Vlog, and television program. The hub-type programming strategy that periodically uploads the videos satisfying the target audiences' interests is mostly applied. The type of lecture covered 'practical skill test' got a good response from the users. Overall, content diversity, interaction between creators and users, and harmonious programming strategies are lacking. In order to improve this, it is necessary for emotional and expressive creators to pioneer differentiated fields and practice based on actual field. The introduction of interactive elements such as games and quizzes and the application of new media technologies such as VR and AR are worth trying. Three strategic types of 'hero', 'hub', and 'how to' should be applied complementary. As the demand for education content related to flower design is expected to expand in the future, it is required to develop content that can be used in various platforms, foster professional creators, and develop associated business models.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.524-527
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• 2008

Recently, digital and the Internet are widespread out of the world, and multimedia processing technology and the development of information and communication technology in education using the Internet as the demand is rapidly increasing. Also, we tan easily use informations with less restrictions of time and space. however, several kinds of audio, media to integrate multimedia data, such as the proliferation of demands for representation. Therefore, in 1998, W3C presented an international standard, SMIL in order to solve multimedia object representation and synchronization problems. By using SMIL, various multimedia elements can be integrated as a multimedia document with proper view in a spate and time. Using this SMIL document, we can create new internet radio broadcasting service that delivers not noly audio data but also various text, image and video. In this paper, with the system, teachers can easily create multimedia courseware and living broadcast their torture on network, students can receive audio-video information of the teacher, screen displays of the teachers computer. Moreover students can communicate with teacher simultaneously by text editor windows. Students can also order courseware after class.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.147-161
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• 2010

As broadcasting and communication are converged recently, communication is jointed to TV. TV viewing has brought about many changes. The IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) provides information service, movie contents, broadcast, etc. through internet with live programs + VOD (Video on demand) jointed. Using communication network, it becomes an issue of new business. In addition, new technical issues have been created by imaging technology for the service, networking technology without video cuts, security technologies to protect copyright, etc. Through this IPTV network, users can watch their desired programs when they want. However, IPTV has difficulties in search approach, menu approach, or finding programs. Menu approach spends a lot of time in approaching programs desired. Search approach can't be found when title, genre, name of actors, etc. are not known. In addition, inserting letters through remote control have problems. However, the bigger problem is that many times users are not usually ware of the services they use. Thus, to resolve difficulties when selecting VOD service in IPTV, a personalized service is recommended, which enhance users' satisfaction and use your time, efficiently. This paper provides appropriate programs which are fit to individuals not to save time in order to solve IPTV's shortcomings through filtering and recommendation-related system. The proposed recommendation system collects TV program information, the user's preferred program genres and detailed genre, channel, watching program, and information on viewing time based on individual records of watching IPTV. To look for these kinds of similarities, similarities can be compared by using ontology for TV programs. The reason to use these is because the distance of program can be measured by the similarity comparison. TV program ontology we are using is one extracted from TV-Anytime metadata which represents semantic nature. Also, ontology expresses the contents and features in figures. Through world net, vocabulary similarity is determined. All the words described on the programs are expanded into upper and lower classes for word similarity decision. The average of described key words was measured. The criterion of distance calculated ties similar programs through K-medoids dividing method. K-medoids dividing method is a dividing way to divide classified groups into ones with similar characteristics. This K-medoids method sets K-unit representative objects. Here, distance from representative object sets temporary distance and colonize it. Through algorithm, when the initial n-unit objects are tried to be divided into K-units. The optimal object must be found through repeated trials after selecting representative object temporarily. Through this course, similar programs must be colonized. Selecting programs through group analysis, weight should be given to the recommendation. The way to provide weight with recommendation is as the follows. When each group recommends programs, similar programs near representative objects will be recommended to users. The formula to calculate the distance is same as measure similar distance. It will be a basic figure which determines the rankings of recommended programs. Weight is used to calculate the number of watching lists. As the more programs are, the higher weight will be loaded. This is defined as cluster weight. Through this, sub-TV programs which are representative of the groups must be selected. The final TV programs ranks must be determined. However, the group-representative TV programs include errors. Therefore, weights must be added to TV program viewing preference. They must determine the finalranks.Based on this, our customers prefer proposed to recommend contents. So, based on the proposed method this paper suggested, experiment was carried out in controlled environment. Through experiment, the superiority of the proposed method is shown, compared to existing ways.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.78
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• pp.197-249
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• 2023

This paper focus on the demand for broadcast and video archive contents by users outside broadcasters as the archive openness and sharing projects of terrestrial broadcasters have become more active in recent years. In the process of creating works using broadcasters' released video footage, the study examined the criteria by which video footage is selected and the methods and processes utilized for editing. To this end, the study analyzed the the case of the 5.18 footage video sharing project 〈May Story(Owol-Iyagi)〉 contest organized by KBS in 2022, in which KBS released its footage about the May 18 Democratic Uprising and invited external users to create new content using them. Analyzing the works that were selected as the winners of the contest, the research conducts in-depth interviews with the creators of each work. As a result, the following points are identified. Among the submitted works, many works deal with the direct or indirect experience of the May 18 Democratic Uprising and focus on the impact of this historical event on individuals and our current society. The study also examined the ways in which broadcasters' footage is used in secondary works. We found ways to use video as a means to share historical events, or to present video as evidence or metaphor. It is found that the need for broadcasters to provide a wider range of public video materials such as the May 18 Democratic Uprising, describing more metadata including copyright information before releasing selected footage, ensuring high-definition and high-fidelity videos that can be used for editing, and strengthening streaming or downloading functions for user friendliness. Through this, the study explores the future direction of broadcasters' video data openness and sharing business, and confirms that broadcasters' archival projects can be an alternative to fulfill public responsibilities such as strengthening social integration between regions, generations, and classes through moving images.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.71-84
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• 2004

There is a growing demand for agrometeorological information that end-users can use and not just interesting information. lo achieve this, each region/community needs to develop and provide localized climate and weather information for growers. Additionally, provide tools to help local users interpret climate forecasts issued by the National Weather Service in the country. Real time information should be provided for farmers, including some basic data. An ideal agrometeorological information system includes several components: an efficient data measuring and collection system; a modern telecommunication system; a standard data management processing and analysis system; and an advanced technological information dissemination system. While it is conventional wisdom that, Internet is and will play a major role in the delivery and dissemination of agrometeorological information, there are large gaps between the "information rich" and the "information poor" countries. Rural communities represent the "last mile of connectivity". For some time to come, TV broadcast, radio, phone, newspaper and fax will be used in many countries for communication. The differences in achieving this among countries arise from the human and financial resources available to implement this information and the methods of information dissemination. These differences must be considered in designing any information dissemination system. Experience shows that easy across to information more tailored to user needs would substantially increase use of climate information. Opportunities remain unexplored for applications of geographical information systems and remote sensing in agro meteorology.e sensing in agro meteorology.