• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.85-93
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• 2008

This study analyzes areas, traffic lines and characteristics of block of traditional villages in order to suggest how to build urban village in the way that can solve problems occurring in residential areas these days. The study showed the following results: 1) Traditional villages have definite boundary and entrance, and the community area for the villages is close to the entrance to encourage community activities of villagers. 2) With an access in the form of a blind alley branched from the main road, traditional villages form a small-sized clustering and encourage community activities in a natural way. 3) Formed of block with a pattern of net, blind alley or standing in a line on both sides, traditional villages help residents to form close relations between. These findings suggest that for building desirable urban villages, 1) they should have definite boundary, 2) size and location of community area should be determined in the way to activate community activities of residents, 3) roads inside the village should have branched form rather than standardized check pattern so that small-sized clustering could be formed along the branched inner roads, and 4) clustering in villages should be arranged in a line on both sides or in the form of a blind alley giving consideration to the length and width of roads. The roads should be also of a closed type so that residents could create strong bonds with their neighbors.

• IE interfaces
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.99-112
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• 1993

This study deals with analysis of material from in Tube manufacturing line. This line is a multi product flow ship type production line, which consists of 5 steps of work station. Some work stations involve in unnecessary moving activities of workers and much work in-process storage due to the non-systematic material flow with respect to the different lot size production of multi-items. To improve productivity for this line, one alternative is considered such as grouping two work stations by using GT and JIT concepts. Also, feasibility analysis for this alternative is performed using and simulation model built by SIMAN IV simulation language.

• IE interfaces
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 1992

This paper deals with analysis of material handling system efficiency of a heat-exchanger manufacturing line. This line is a typical flow shop type assembly line which consists of 10 steps of assembly stations. Each station have one or two workers who assemble and move components for the job, and no special transporters for component's movement. Therfore, all the workers are involoved in unnecessary moving activities which decrease overall production efficiencies of the line. To improve productivities, production outputs and worker's job performances for this assembly line, the several alternatives are considered such as installing new conveyor lines and automatic guided vehicle(AGV) system. Analyzing economic feasibilities and responses of the system alternatives, an experimental simulation model is built suing SIMAN Ver. 3. 5 simulation language with CINEMA package for animation of the process flow. Through this animation process a vivid picturial analysis could performed on the process flow.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.2027-2031
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• 2009

The synthesis of a new series of diarylureas and amides having a 1-substituted-3-(3-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-4- pyridinylpyrazole scaffold is reported here. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of these diaryl derivatives against human melanoma cell line A375 were tested and the effect of substituents on the phenyl ring was investigated. Most of the newly synthesized compounds generally showed superior or similiar activity against A375 to Sorafenib. Among these compounds, IId, IIg and IIh showed excellent activity against A375 compared to Sorafenib.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.166-168
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• 2015

Line of Balance (LOB) method is suitable to schedule construction projects composed of repetitive activities. Since existing LOB based repetitive project scheduling methods are deterministic, they do not lend themselves to handle uncertainties involved in repetitive construction process. Indeed, existing LOB scheduling dose not handle variability of project performance indicators. In order to bridge the gap between reality and estimation, this study provides a stochastic LOB based scheduling method that allows schedulers for effectively dealing with the uncertainties of a construction project performance. The proposed method retrieves an appropriate probability distribution function (PDF) concerning project completion times, and determines favorable start times of activities. A case study is demonstrated to verify and validate the capability of the proposed method in a repetitive construction project planning.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.169-172
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• 2005

We present CO(3-2), CO(2-1), and 230 GHz (1.3 mm) continuum images of nearby galaxies taken with the Submillimeter Array (SMA). Our main topic is to study the relation between higher-J molecular gas (e.g., CO J=3-2, 2-1) and nuclear activities (e.g., active galactic nuclei [AGNs] and starbursts). The nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy M51 shows strong CO(3-2) emission from the circumnuclear molecular gas, with an intensity twice as strong as that of the CO(1-0) emission. Strong CO(3-2) emission enhancement suggests that the circum nuclear molecular gas in M51 is warm and dense, which may be related to the AGN activities. Molecular gas in the nearby moderate starburst galaxy NGC 6946 is distributed along the large-scale bar or spiral arms and along the minibar, and the multi-J CO line images show very similar distribution to each other. For this galaxy, there is no clear enhancement in higher-J lines as seen in M51, which may be because NGC 6946 does not have clear AGN activities. Based on the results of these two galaxies, the physical conditions of the circum nuclear molecular gas may be related to the AGN activities. We also observed the nearby edge-on starburst galaxy NGC 3628 and the starburst/Seyfert composite galaxy NGC 4945 with the CO(2-1) line and 230 GHz (1.3 mm) continuum emission. These information will give us some hints for understanding the relation between nuclear activities and circum nuclear molecular gas and dust.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.290-294
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• 2020

Purpose: Many studies have reported increased muscle activities in treatments using kinesio tape. However, most studies have focused on only muscles, so the effects of kinesio tape on structures other than the muscles are unknown. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of kinesio tape for the fascia on trunk muscle activity during plank. Methods: Eighteen healthy participants took part in this study. The participants were asked to perform the plank in two conditions: on stable surface and unstable surface. Two kinesio tapes were attached along the spiral line introduced in the anatomy train. EMG was measured in each condition. EMG data were collected before and after attaching kinesio tape in each condition. Repeated analysis of variance (repeated ANOVA) was conducted to compare EMG activities levels between conditions. Results: EMG activities levels of trunk muscles, especially rectus abdominis and erector spinae activities were significantly increased during the plank with KT on both stable and unstable surfaces. Conclusion: KT applying on the fascia of targeted muscle increases the muscle activity. Therefore, we can also focus on the fascia to increase muscle activities not only on muscles.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.63-83
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze how the elements and principles of fine arts were reflected in art related activities in the teacher's manual on standard childcare curriculum for a period of 2 years. Methods: The analysis criteria for the elements of fine arts were modified and complemented based on Kim and Gang(2011) and the same was done for the principles of fine arts based on Lee et al(2015). Results: First, as a result of analyzing the art contents according to life theme in art related activities, 'artistic expression' appeared the most in all nine life themes. Second, as a result of analyzing the art related contents in the standard childcare curriculum for 2 years based on the elements of fine arts, plane, texture, shape, color, volume, line, spot, space, composition, light and shade appeared in order. Third, as a result of analyzing the art related contents on the principles of fine arts, movement, emphasis, variety, unity, rhythm, proportion, balance and pattern appeared in order. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this research suggest that the childcare activities have to be devoloped in order to provide the balanced experiences with fine arts activities.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.48.2-48.2
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• 2015

van Dokkum and Conroy revisited the strong Na I lines at $8200{\AA}$ found in some giant elliptical galaxies and interpreted it as evidence for bottom-heavy initial mass function. Jeong et al. later found a lot of galaxies showing strong Na D doublet absorption line at $5900{\AA}$ (Na D excess objects; a.k.a. NEOs) and showed that their origins can be different for different types of galaxies. While the excess in Na D seems related with interstellar medium in late-type galaxies, smooth-looking early-type NEOs suggest no compelling sign of ISM contributions. To test this finding, we measured doppler shift in the Na D line. We hypothesized that ISM is more likely to show blueshift due to outflow caused by either star formation or AGN activities. In order to measure the doppler shift, we tried both Gaussian and Voigt functions to fit each galaxy spectrum near the Na D line. We found that Voigt profiles reproduce the shapes of the Na D lines markedly better. Many of late-type NEOs clearly show blueshift in their Na D lines, which is consistent with the former interpretation that the Na D excess found in them is related with star formation-caused gas outflow. On the contrary, early-type NEOs do not show any notable doppler component, which is also consistent with the interpretation of Jeong et al. that the Na D excess in early-type NEOs is likely not related with ISM activities but purely stellar in origin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1209-1214
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• 2011

The synthesis of the series of pyrimidinylamines 1a-d and pyrimidinylureas 1e-u bearing a novel pyridinylcarbonylpyrimidine scaffold and their antiproliferative activities against A375 human melanoma cell line were described. Among them, three compounds 1e, 1h, and 1o showed superior antiproliferative activities to Sorafenib ($IC_{50}=5.5{\mu}M$) as a reference compound. In our series, urea compound 1o having 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl moiety on the benzene nucleus exhibited very good antiproliferative activity with $IC_{50}$ value of $1.4{\mu}M$.