• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.400-400
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• 2000

This paper purposed that verify the validity of Petri Net method for control progressive increase of system complexity, before extend the realized single robot system to multi-robot system. An autonomous mobile robot(AMR) needs decision making, motion control, path planning, tracking a path, obstacle avoidance, and sensor fusion, to complete its task. An AMR integrates and operates these technics through a consistent command system. An error in a command hierarchy which is like duplication or omission of a control command hierarchy for each module results in serious problems. This paper minimizes the error by modeling each module and whole system using Petri Net graphical representation and applies it to the exploration task of an AMR

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2003년도 학술.기술논문발표회
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• pp.121-126
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• 2003

Steel frame construction is divided into subsidiary materials with column, beam, girder and bracing. After these are processed in factory for using installing in construction field. These prefabricated furniture is very important in accordance with design drawing about processing and prefabricating. In the case of design process using information transmission in blueprint, omission of material number, processing measure and finishing material, or discordance of each structure drawing and selecting incongruent structural material generated an error in the process of design. These error caused delaying tine and increasing cost and increasing safety accident in the steel-structure work operating process. therefore, design process should consider problem of operating process.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2003

Steel frame construction is divided into subsidiary materials with column, beam, girder and bracing. After these are processed in factory for using installing in construction field. These prefabricated furniture is very important in accordance with design drawing about processing and prefabricating. In the case of design process using information transmission in blueprint, omission of material number, processing measure and finishing material, or discordance of each structure drawing and selecting incongruent structural material generated an error in the process of design. These error caused delaying time and increasing cost and increasing safety accident in the steel-structure work operating process. therefore, design process should consider problem of operating process.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2002

저자는 소아정신과 영역에서 흔하게 관찰되는 주의산만과 과잉운동을 주소로 하는 아동들의 진단특성과 이와 관련된 임상변인들을 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대학병원 소아정신과에 내원한 아동들에서 주의력과 과잉운동 문제를 보이는 5세에서 14세 사이 총 71명(남자 63 명, 여자 8명)을 대상으로 하여, KEDI-WISC, KPI-C, ADS를 시행하였고 진단 분류에 따라 1) ADHD만 있는 군 2) 공존 질환이 있는 ADHD군 3) ADHD 이외의 진단군으로 나누어 비교한 결과 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) ADHD 단독 진단군이 17명(23.9%), 공존질환이 ADHD는 26명(38.0%)이었으며 공존질환은 틱장애가 가장 많고 발달성 언어장애, 경계성 지능, 적대적 반항/품행장애, 경계성 지적능력, 학습장애의 순서를 보였으며, ADHD 이외의 진단군 27명(38.0%)은 틱장애, 경계성 지능, 우울/불안장애, 적대적 반항/품행장애의 진단 분포를 나타냈다. 2) 지능검사에서 전체지능, 언어성 지능, 동작성 지능 모두 군별 차이를 보였고 ADHD만 있는 군에서 공존질환 ADHD군보다 전체지능과 언어지능이 유의하게 높은 수치를 나타냈다. KPI-C 임상 척도는 군별 차이를 보이지 않았다. ADS 시각자극 검사에서 누락오류(omission)와 민감도(d')가 세 군 사이에 의미있는 차이를 보였고, 공존질환이 있는 ADHD 군이 ADHD이외의 진단군에 비해 유의하게 누락오류가 많고 민감도는 낮았다. 본 연구 결과를 볼때 아동의 주의산만과 과잉운동 증상은 주 진단인 ADHD 이외에도 다양한 정신과 질환으로 진단될 수 있으므로 이에 대한 감별이 필요하며, 또한 공존질환이 있는 ADHD군이 ADHD만 있는 군이나 기타 질환군보다 주의력에 문제가 많고 지능 수치가 상대적으로 낮아 학습 및 학교 생활 적응에 어려움이 더 많을 것이므로 적극적인 치료개입이 필요할 것으로 생각되었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.615-624
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• 2008

In this paper, the contribution of task types and error types involved in the human-related unplanned reactor trip events that have occurred between 1986 and 2006 in Korean nuclear power plants are analysed in order to establish a strategy for reducing the human-related unplanned reactor trips. Classification systems for the task types, error modes, and cognitive functions are developed or adopted from the currently available taxonomies, and the relevant information is extracted from the event reports or judged on the basis of an event description. According to the analyses from this study, the contributions of the task types are as follows: corrective maintenance (25.7%), planned maintenance (22.8%), planned operation (19.8%), periodic preventive maintenance (14.9%), response to a transient (9.9%), and design/manufacturing/installation (6.9%). According to the analysis of the error modes, error modes such as control failure (22.2%), wrong object (18.5%), omission (14.8%), wrong action (11.1 %), and inadequate (8.3%) take up about 75% of the total unplanned trip events. The analysis of the cognitive functions involved in the events indicated that the planning function had the highest contribution (46.7%) to the human actions leading to unplanned reactor trips. This analysis concludes that in order to significantly reduce human-induced or human-related unplanned reactor trips, an aide system (in support of maintenance personnel) for evaluating possible (negative) impacts of planned actions or erroneous actions as well as an appropriate human error prediction technique, should be developed.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제9C권3호
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• pp.307-312
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• 2002

동기식 스트림 암호에 적용하기 위한 여러 가지 Zero suppression(ZS) 알고리즘 중에서 ZS-2 알고리즘은 블록동기기능 제거, 구현 용이성 등 여러 가지 좋은 특성을 보여주고 있다. 하지만, 이 방법은 채널 오류 확산 측면에서 취약점을 보이고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 열악한 잡음 채널에서 오류 확률에 따른 성능을 개선하기 위하여 ZS-2에서 실행했던 대체 블록에서의 대체 비트 수를 최소화시키는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 결과적으로, 제안된 ZS-3 기법은 n=8에서 평균 오류 확산을 ZS-2의 값 보다 18.7% 떨어뜨리는 좋은 특성을 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2015

본 연구는 중국어 모어 화자 한국어 학습자의 쓰기에 나타난 오류 분석을 실시하여 오류의 원인을 살펴보고 이를 분석한 내용을 바탕으로 학습자들이 생산해 내는 오류에 효과적인 교육 방안을 제시하는데 있다. 본 연구의 분석 대상 자료는 '내가 생각하는 한국', '중국과 한국의 문화융합에 대하여', '친구' 등의 주제로 작문한 것을 바탕으로 모든 문장을 입력하고 이들 문장 중에서 어휘 오류를 추출하여 수정한 후, 본 연구자가 설정한 오류 유형의 범주에 의하여 재분류하였으며 분류한 오류의 빈도수를 작성하였다. 연구의 결과, 대치 오류 > 철자 오류 > 오형태 > 누락 오류 > 첨가 오류 의 순으로 오류의 유형이 나타났다. 오류 방지를 위한 교육 방안으로 문법적인 요소나 어휘의 형태적인 면을 제시할 경우에는 그 부분의 제약이 되는 점을 같이 제시해줘야 오류를 미연에 방지할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2010

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the type and frequency of chemotherapy-related prescribing errors and assess the pharmacist intervention in preventing potential harm. Methods: This study was performed in satellite pharmacy of oncology/hematology unit in tertiary teaching hospital from April to September, 2009. All chemotherapy prescribing errors detected by pharmacists were recorded. Frequency and characteristics of prescribing errors were analyzed. Pharmacists reviewed 28, 495 chemotherapy orders from 12,719 patients during 6-month periods. Results: A total of 835 prescription errors (2.93%) in 734 patients (5.77%) were detected by pharmacists. Alkylating agents (37.6%) followed by antimetabolite (23.35%), and mitotic inhibitors (21.44%) were the most prevalent classes in which errors occurs. The most common types of error detected were incorrect dose (34%), incorrect solution (33%), incorrect route (9%) and omission errors (8%). Changes in chemotherapy order due to pharmacists' intervention occurred in all error cases. Conclusion: Pharmacists' intervention in reviewing chemotherapy and drug orders intercepted potential harm due to prescribing errors. The current study provided strategies for reduction of medication errors.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.6-17
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate perception and experience of medication errors by nurses. Method: Data collection through a survey was performed using structured questionnaires over the period of September 1 to October 15, 2004. Questionnaire were delivered to 222 nurses from 15 hospitals; thereafter, 205 questionnaires were responded (i.e., 92% response rate). The subject in the study was a nurse who had been working in the hospital for less than one year. Results: The average perception rate was 87.5%. The perception rates of subjects in medication errors from four areas are 62% in wrong dosage form for drug administration, 61.5% in air into an IV set, 63% in crystals in an IV lines, and 83.5% in wrong time. The experience rates of subjects in medication errors from four areas are 85.5% in wrong time, 39.5% in wrong injection site, 34.5% in omission error, and 28% in wrong patient. Conclusion: The average perception rate and experience rates of medication errors were 87.5% and 23.5%, respectively. Education about the Five right in medication and knowledges about drugs would improve the perception of medication errors of nurses whose work experience is less than one year, and prevent them from medication errors.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2016

The phonemic awareness tasks (phonemic synthesis, phonemic elision, phonemic segmentation) by auditory presentation and visual presentation were conducted to 40 children who are 5 and 6 years old. The scores and error types in the sub-tasks by two presentations were compared to each other. Also, the correlation between the performances of phonemic awareness sub-tasks in two presentation conditions were examined. As a result, 6-year-old group showed significantly higher phonemic awareness scores than 5-year-old group. Both group showed significantly higher scores in visual presentation than auditory presentation. While the performance under the visual presentation was significantly lower especially in the segmentation than the other two tasks, there was no significant difference among sub-tasks under the auditory presentation. 5-year-old group showed significantly more 'no response' errors than 6-year-old group and 6-year-old group showed significantly more 'phoneme substitution' and 'phoneme omission' errors than 5-year-old group. Significantly more 'phoneme omission' errors were observed in the segmentation than the elision task, and significantly more 'phoneme addition' errors were observed in elision than the synthesis task. Lastly, there are positive correlations in auditory and visual synthesis tasks, auditory and visual elision tasks, and auditory and visual segmentation tasks. Summarizing the results, children tend to depend on orthographic knowledge when acquiring the initial phonemic awareness. Therefore, the result of this research would support the position that the orthographic knowledge affects the improvement of phonemic awareness.