• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.122-129
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• 2015

DBM-2198, a six-membered azasugar nucleotide (6-AZN)-containing phosphorothioate (P = S) oligonucleotide (AZPSON), was described in our previous publication [Lee et al. (2005)] with regard to its antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of HIV-1 variants. This report describes the mechanisms underlying the anti-HIV-1 properties of DBM-2198. The LTR-mediated reporter assay indicated that the anti-HIV-1 activity of DBM-2198 is attributed to an extracellular mode of action rather than intracellular sequence-specific antisense activity. Nevertheless, the antiviral properties of DBM-2198 and other AZPSONs were highly restricted to HIV-1. Unlike other P = S oligonucleotides, DBM-2198 caused no host cell activation upon administration to cultures. HIV-1 that was pre-incubated with DBM-2198 did not show any infectivity towards host cells whereas host cells pre-incubated with DBM-2198 remained susceptible to HIV-1 infection, suggesting that DBM-2198 acts on the virus particle rather than cell surface molecules in the inhibition of HIV-1 infection. Competition assays for binding to HIV-1 envelope protein with anti-gp120 and anti-V3 antibodies revealed that DBM-2198 acts on the viral attachment site of HIV-1 gp120, but not on the V3 region. This report provides a better understanding of the antiviral mechanism of DBM-2198 and may contribute to the development of a potential therapeutic drug against a broad spectrum of HIV-1 variants.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2008

Purpose : Large exon deletions in the DMD gene are found in about 60% of DMD/BMD patients. Multiplex PCR has been employed to detect the deletion mutation, which frequently generates noise PCR products due to the presence of multiple primers in a single reaction as well as the stringency of PCR conditions. This often leads to a false-negative or false-positive result. To address this problematic issue, we introduced the dual primer oligonucleotide (DPO) system. DPO contains two separate priming regions joined by a polydeoxyinosine linker that results in high PCR specificity even under suboptimal PCR conditions. Methods : We tested 50 healthy male controls, 50 patients with deletion mutation as deletion-positive patient controls, and 20 patients with no deletions as deletion-negative patient controls using DPO-multiplex PCR. Both the presence and extent of deletion were verified by simplex PCR spanning the promoter region (PM) and 18 exons including exons 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 13, 17, 19, 43-48, 50-52, and 60 in all 120 controls. Results : DPO-multiplex PCR showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for the detection a deletion. However, it showed 97.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity for determining the extent of deletions. Conclusion : The DPO-multiplex PCR method is a useful molecular test to detect large deletions of DMD for the diagnosis of patients with DMD/BMD because it is easy to perform, fast, and cost-effective and has excellent sensitivity and specificity.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.699-708
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• 2000

Background : A presumptive histopathologic diagnosis of tuberculosis is commonly based on the finding of acid-fast bacilli upon microscopic examination of a diagnostic specimens. Although this traditional histochemical staining method is satisfactory, it is time-consuming and not species-specific. For more specific assessment, in situ hybridization assay with oligonucleotide probes is introduced. Methods : The human surgical specimens were obtained from tuberculosis patients, and experimental specimens were made by injecting cultured M. tuberculosis organisms into fresh rat liver. Oligonucleotide probes complementary to ribosomal RNA portion were synthesized and labeled with multiple biotin molecules. For a rapid detection, all procedures were carried out using manual capillary action technology on the Microprobe staining system. Results : The in situ hybridization assay produced a positive reaction in experimental specimens (80-90% sensitivity) after pepsin-HCl pre-treatment for a good permeabilization of probes, but reliable result was not obtained from human surgical specimens. Conclusion : It is, therefore, suggested that biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probes have considerable potential for identification and in situ detection of M. tuberculosis but, there are some barriers to overcome for the diagnostic use of this method.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2003

The present study was aimed at investigating the regulatory mechanism in tissue-specific expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene. The expression of IGF-I gene was determined by a solution hybridization/RNase protection assay using total RNA prepared from rat liver or brain of various ages. The levels of IGF-I transcripts were increased in liver gradually after birth, but decreased in brain. By using an oligonucleotide (FRE) corresponding to the C/EBP binding site of the rat IGF-I exon 1, multiple forms of C/EBP${\alpha}$ and C/EBP${\beta}$ proteins, which have DNA-binding activity, were detected in the rat liver or brain. Western immunoblot and southwestern analyses show that p42$\^$C/EBP${\alpha}$/, p38$\^$C/EBP${\alpha}$/, p35$\^$C/EBP${\alpha}$/, p38$\^$C/EBP${\beta}$/, and p35$\^$C/EBP${\beta}$ form specific complexes with the IGF-I exon 1 oligonucleotide in liver nuclear extract and that p42$\^$C/EBP${\alpha}$/ and p38$\^$C/EBP${\beta}$/ form complexes in brain. These data suggest that the formation of FRE-C/EBP isoform complexes may play important roles in the tissue-specific regulation of IGF-I gene expression.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.24.2-24.2
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.198.4-198
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.45-46
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.138.3-138
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• 2001

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.164-171
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• 2005

• The Korea Genome Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.46.2-46.2
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• 2004