• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.79-95
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• 1997

The purposes of this study were to develop a job stress measurement tool and to identify the job stress according to the characteristics of worker and work condition at the small and medium-sized plants. Data were collected through face-to-face survey for April-May, 1997. Subjects were 180 workers at 36 small and medium-sized plants located near Seoul. Data were analyzed by item analysis, factor analysis, and ANOVA. The results were as follow : 1, Number of items of job stress measurement were 33 and Cronbach's $\alpha$ was .9262 except 13 items with low values of Cronbach's coefficient. Factor analysis was done in order for construct validity and 8 factors were extracted and cumulative percent of variance was 65.6%. 2. The job stress scores of male, the younger, 2-shift workers, and over-time workers were significantly higher than those of female, the older, 1-shift workers, and 48 hour workers per week. 3. There were no significant difference between job stress scores and the groups by number of worker, and the types of manufacturing. The stress measurement tool is valid and very reliable to measure worker's stress. Furthermore, the job stress managent program for health promotion of the workers at the vulnerable work condition is needed more and more.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2001

The present situation of Korea already shone various symptoms of the aged society, and many kinds of data reported by the National Statistical Office demonstrate those facts. However, to my regret, sufficient efforts for aged workers are not taken in the area of industrial safety. In this research, work arrangement and industrial accidents of middle-aged and aged workers over last 5 years were analyzed. According to research results, proportion of industrial accidents involved middle-aged and aged workers was as high as 40%, and that of aged workers alone was so high as 25%. In addition, proportion of accidents were higher than that of worker population f3r aged wetters. Considering ages, it was demonstrated that as workers get older, mean number of accidents shows the tendency of going higher, and that as years go by, mean lost work-days are increasing regardless of age group. Main accident types were Fall followed by Slip, and Work-Related Disease, furthermore proportion of Slip was highest than any other types for aged workers. Based upon these results, it was emphasized thai careful attention should be paid to functional characteristics of aged workers, and that modification of accident prevention policy would be necessary.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.421-436
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the dental treatment needs of workers depending on their shifts and working patterns. Methods: Only workers aged 15 or older according to the $6^{th}$ Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2015) were considered eligible. A total of 9,092 people who responded to health surveys and completed oral examinations and interviews were selected for the study. Statistical analysis was carried out by the complex samples general linear model. Results: As the daytime workers' age increased, the requirement for restorative treatment decreased. In contrast, the requirement for tooth extraction caused by dental caries and periodontal disease increased. As the evening shift workers' age increased, the requirement for restorative treatment decreased. In the case of shift workers, the requirement for restorative treatment was lowest in those aged 50-64 years and highest in those aged 30-49 years. In the case of smokers; the daytime workers required a higher amount of restorative treatment, pulpal treatment, and tooth extraction due to dental caries and periodontal disease; the night shift workers required a higher amount of restorative treatment; and the shift workers required a higher amount of tooth extraction caused by periodontal disease. The results of comparing the dental treatment needs depending on working patterns were: the need for restorative treatment was higher in night shift workers (0.377) than in shift workers (0.245); the requirement for pulpal and restorative treatment was higher in daytime workers (0.055) than in night shift workers (0.010); requirement for tooth extraction due to periodontal disease was higher in night shift workers (0.060) than in evening shift workers (0.012). Conclusions: There are differences in dental treatment needs depending on the workers' working patterns. Collective oral health care is needed at workplaces to promote the workers' oral health.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2007

This study examined the differences of elderly workers' psychological well-being according to gender and explored the variables which account for their psychological well-being. Paid laborers aged 60 or older(eight-five men and nine-eight females) were interviewed. The psychological well-being of male workers was higher than that of the female workers. The control level of activity and family support were the variables that explained the psychological well-being of male paid workers. The higher the control level of activity was, and the more support given from family, the higher the psychological well-being scores they showed. Educational level, demand level of activity, and material reward determined the psychological well-being of female workers. The higher their educational level was, the lower the demand level of activity was, and the fewer rewards they received from paid work, the higher their psychological well-being was.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.337-347
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• 1996

The work-man's Uniform should be coincident with the image of his firm and accounted of the function according s its purpose. We made questions to 404 workers at 8firm in our country through the questionnaire papers to know about a work-man's uniform and researched whether the satisfactory in wearing his uniform had relation with his type of business, grade, carrier, age, marriage, and monthly income. The results of this study is as follows; 1. In the case of wearing the uniform many workers answered they always wore their uniform in the firm. It was shown that the office workers wore their uniform much more than workers in the production department. The longer the time working, the older age, the lower grade of school career are, he more workers wear. the order of the importance for he uniform was the function, the symbol, the originality, and the fashion. The longer their career in the firm was, the more important the function of their uniform was. 2. The order of dirty pat in taking care of the uniform was cuffs, color, the front of part in an upper garment and below the knee, the hip in pants It was very easy for the workers in the experts, or administrators and office workers than others to be dirty in the cuffs part of the uniform. Worn part of the uniform showed highest cuffs in an upper garment and a zipper in pants. The order of cleaning the uniform was washing by water, no ironing, and cleaning in their house.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.29-50
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• 2012

본 연구는 최저임금이 저임금 근로자의 신규 채용에 미치는 효과를 시계 열 자료에서 추정한 결과를 제시한다. 분석 결과에 의하면 신규로 채용되는 저임금 근로자의 규모가 최저임금에 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 효과는 여성, 고연령층 및 영세 업체 일자리에서 두드러진다. 이와 같이 최저임금이 저임금 신규 채용을 크게 위축시킬 가능성이 높다는 결과는, 단기적 고용조정의 경직성으로 인해 기존 저임금 근로자의 고용조정이 어려움에 따라 최저임금의 노동수요 위축 효과가 대부분 신규 채용의 위축으로 전가되고 있을 가능성을 시사한다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.139-146
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• 1998

In current domestic construction field, several factors influencing the safety for field workers are various due to the size and complexity of construction works involved. Among the factors, the age is the important one, because the average age of workers is getting older due to the 3D phenomena in construction fields. The safety for workers of all ages is important, but especially safety for the old, is more important. Thus, the fundamental techniques for placement of field workers with adequate safety corresponding to complexity and hard works are investigated through analyzing fatigue and heart rate of individual worker, especially for the old.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2003

본 논문은 고령 노동자에 대한 퇴직의 압력이 직종별로 어떻게 달랐으며 그러한 차이가 시간에 따라 어떻게 변화했는지를 살펴봄으로써 산업화 시기 미국 고령남성의 고용상의 지위 변화를 분석하였다. 직종에 따른 퇴직확률을 비교한 회귀분석 결과는 경제적 지위와 근로조건이 우월한 직종에 고용되어 있던 고령 노동자들의 퇴직확률이 더 낮았다는 사실을 보여준다. 이 결과는 이미 20세기 초부터 은퇴 행위가 기본적으로 자발적인 것이었다는 최근의 견해를 반박하는 것이다. 장기실업의 상대적인 비율에 기초하여 측정한 노령화에 따른 노동시장에서의 불이익은 숙련공, 조립공, 판매직 등의 직업군에서 컸던 것으로 나타났다. 반면 농민과 관리 및 전문직 종사자는 고령화에 따른 고용상의 불리함이 상대적으로 적었던 것으로 보인다. 1880년에서 1940년 사이에 발생한 직업구조의 변화 패턴을 살펴보면, 산업화와 함께 노년기의 퇴직압력이 상대적으로 강했던 산업들의 비중이 커졌다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제12권1권
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• pp.70-91
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• 2005

Purpose: Long-term care facilities have a responsibility to provide care service that enables residents to maintain their maximal functional capacity and quality of life. Also their needs must be reflected to the service programs. In oder to provide an adequate service, we should assess the elderly's physical, psychological and social health status and the need. In addition to this, the long-term care facilities must be defined clearly by the type of services. This study would contribute to conduct appropriate services in public long-term care policy for the older population in the future. This study would provide informations of long-term care facilities' services and older persons' needs for long-term care. Method: To achieve this objectives, this paper investigates the types, service programs of long-term care institutes and job descriptions of workers. The subjects were consisted of 150 long-term care institutes. 150 institutes of long-term care facilities were drawn from all over the country by a nonrandom, convenience sampling. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, $x^2$-test using SPSS program. The instruments of this study were self-reported questionnaires for long-term care institutes. The data were collected from March 1, 2004 to may 31, 2004. Results: Service programs of long-term care institutes were not enough for residents' demands. The job descriptions among nurse, social worker and physical therapist were not clearly defined. The nurse's main role was medication and checking vital sign(49.7%), that of social worker's was observation and supervising (31.2%). The most significant problems were lacking of diverse service programs for residents. Conclusion: Considering these findings and conclusion, the needs of long-term care services should be provided by individual physical and psychological level. And the professional manpower for elderly should be educated in multi disciplines.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.340-351
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• 2015

To investigate male office workers' dietary habits and their perception and intake of health functional foods, 234 male employees were surveyed by questionnaire. The results were categorized into three age groups: under 35 years, 35 and 45 years, and over 45 years. The over 45 years group had significantly better dietary habits than the others (p<0.05). The most common reason for skipping breakfast was lack of time. Frequency of drinking alcohol was higher in the older group, where tiredness after drinking was lower in the younger group. The perception score of health functional foods was highest in the over 45 years group. Perception of health functional foods was more positive as the age of the groups increased (p<0.01). The number of health functional foods consumed, duration of intake, and beneficial health effects were higher in older groups. Although older people are more concerned about health than relatively younger people, they did not necessarily have reduced the amounts of smoking and drinking. Instead, they simply showed higher intakes of health functional foods to prevent and cure disease and improve their health. Therefore, older people need to receive education about their dietary and living habits instead of simply eating health functional foods. It is necessary to provide correct information about health functional foods by nutritional education.