• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.422-425
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• 2008

TerraSAR-X is new radar satellite operated at X-band, multi polarization, and multi beam mode. Compared with C-band or L-band SAR, the X-band system inherently suffers from more temporal decorrelation, but is more sensitive to surface deformation monitoring due to short wavelength (3.1 cm) and high spatial resolution (1m-3m). It is generally expected that sensitivity to estimate surface movement using TerraSAR-X will be increased by the factor of 10, compared to current C-band system with low spatial resolution such as ERS-2, Envisat. Many urban areas are experiencing land subsidence due to water, oil and natural gas withdrawal, underground excavation, sediment compaction, and so on. Monitoring of surface deformation is valuable for effectively limiting damage areas. In addition high accuracy and spatially dense subsidence map can be achieved by X-band InSAR observation, promoting identification and separation of various subsidence processes and leading to enhanced understanding via mechanical modeling. In this study we will introduce some initial InSAR results using new TerraSAR-X SAR data for surface deformation monitoring.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.607-614
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• 1997

Flurbiprofen- and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsions composed of soybean oil, poloxamer 407, glycerine and water were prepared by generator-type homgenizer and ultrasoni c probe system. The particle size of microemulsions was measured by the dynamic light scattering method. The pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of flurbiprofen were investigated after intravenous injection of flurbiprofen solution, flurbiprofen-loaded microemulsion and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsions equivalent to 10mg/kg of flurbiprofen to rats. Blood samples were collected from the anterior ciliary artery of rats for 24hr, and flurbiprofen in plasma and organs was analyzed by HPLC. Stable microemulsions were prepared. Even though there is a little change in droplet size just after the preparation, no creaming and no separation were occured during the storage period for 6 months at 4, 21, 37 and 45$^{\circ}C$. Pharmacokinetic parameters and organ distribution of flurbiprofen after intravenous injection of flurbiprofen- and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsions emulsified with poloxamer 407 were not significantly different from those of commercial lipid microemulsion emulsified with lecithin. Therefore, it is concluded that flurbiprofen- and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsion prepared with poloxamer 407 could be used as a parenteral formulation.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.287-293
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• 1997

To make a stable o/w emulsion, the effects of egg lecithin as an emulsifier and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as an auxiliary emulsifier on the physical stability of emulsion were investigated. The oil-in-water emulsion system was manufactured by microfluidizer and evaluated the physical stability. Average particle size and size distribution of emulsion was measured by dynamic light scattering analyzer and interfacial tension was measured. From the interfacial tension tested, critical micelle concentration of the egg lecithin was 0.1 %w/v and optimal concentration for the preparation of emulsion was 1.0 %w/v. The mean particle size was about $0.2\;{\mu}m$ which was suitable for injections. The short-term accelerated stability studies were conducted by centrifugation, freeze-thaw method and shaking of the emulsion samples. The addition of PVP was caused the reduction in the particle size and improved the physical stability of emulsion. These results suggested that a mixed interfacial film comprising the egg lecithin and PVP was formed at the o/w interface and it was effective in preventing phase separation under thermic or mechanical stress. We used antineoplaston A10 (A10) as a model drug which is peptide and amino acid derivative having a action to the living organism against the development of neoplastic growth by a nonimmunological progress. It has a poor solubility in water and there may be a difficulty in formulation of A10. Emulsion formulation study about A10 was performed. Solubility of A10 in emulsion was about five times as high as that in water. From the results of solubility and partition coefficient, almost A10 molecules in o/w emulsion exist in the interface between oil and water.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2006

버터플라이 밸브는 선박에서 냉각수와 유류 계통 등에 범용으로 널리 사용되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 유량조정에 따른 배관계통의 버터플라이밸브 후류 유동특성을 규명하기 위하여 입자영상 유속측정장치를 이용하여 밸브개도에 따른 유선과 속도벡터 분포에 관한 정량적인 데이터를 확보하였다. 또한 밸브 주위 유동장의 압력성분을 고찰하기 위하여 개폐각도를 6가지 경우로 변화시켜 정압을 측정하였다. 그 결과 실험관 벽면에서 측정된 압력의 분포는 디스크가 전개 상태인 $0^{\circ}$에서 $45^{\circ}$까지는 입구 압력은 일정한 상태로 거의 변화하지 않았으나 약 $60^{\circ}$ 이상에서부터 압력 상승과 점차 급격한 변동현상이 나타났다. 특히, $75^{\circ}$ 부근에서는 상류에서 급격한 압력 상승 경향을 보인 반면 하류 측은 압력변동이 적게 나타났다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.789-795
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• 2014

초산은 묽은 산에 의해 처리되어 얻어진 헤미셀룰로오스 가수분해액 중 가장 양이 많을 뿐만 아니라 중대한 에탄올 발효 저해물질이다. 그 가수분해액으로부터 초산을 선택적으로 제거하는데 최적인 분리시스템을 찾기 위하여 모사 헤미셀룰로오스 가수분해액으로 자일로스, 초산과 황산의 혼합물이 선택되었다. 이러한 목적을 이루기 위해 에멀젼형 액막법이 모사 헤미셀룰로오스 가수분해액으로부터 초산을 제거하는데 적용되었다. W/O 에멀젼의 주요 구성 성분들, 즉 아민계 추출제 종류, 계면활성제 조성, 첨가제 종류와 회수제의 종류 및 농도가 모사 헤미셀룰로오스 가수분해액에 있는 초산, 자일로스와 황산의 추출에 미치는 영향이 조사되었다. 특별한 실험 조건에서, 초산의 추출율은 95% 이상이었고, 자일로스의 손실은 미미하였는데, 이것은 현 에멀젼형 액막법이 경제성이 높은 공정이 될 수 있다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.805-811
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• 2012

This study was carried out in order to optimize the manufacturing condition of fried garlic flakes as well as to investigate the physicochemical properties of the flakes. Fried garlic flake samples were prepared as follows: garlic was sliced by a thickness of 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, which were measured by a thickness gage. The samples were fried in vegetable oil under different temperatures of $140{\sim}150^{\circ}C$, $160{\sim}170^{\circ}C$ and $180{\sim}185^{\circ}C$. The compression strength depending on the height (h) was measured in order to find the thickness effect by the rheometer (force control: 50 N, h: 3.25 mm). Moreover, the sample with 1.5 mm thickness showed crisp phenomena of the split compared with the crush shape of the 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm thick samples. The result of strength for time dependence showed a sample with a thickness of 1.5 mm, which was measured 5~9 times more than the 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm thick samples. We thought the reason that the 1.5 mm sample had less response power equivalent to compression force than the other samples. Alliin has been found to affect the immune responses in the blood, it is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine and is also quite heat stable. The LC system with a UV detection at 210 nm consists of a separation on a Zorbax TMS column and isocratic elution with water and ACN as a mobile phase. The alliin contents of raw and fried garlic flake under $140{\sim}150^{\circ}C$, $160{\sim}170^{\circ}C$ and $180{\sim}185^{\circ}C$ were 18.10 mg/mL, 14.0 mg/mL, 11.6 mg/mL and 11.1 mg/mL, respectively. The decrement of alliin content under different temperature was a small quantity hence, we confirmed that the increasing manufacturing temperature was not affected by the alliin content. Examining for the particle structure of fried garlic flakes by a polarization microscope, the color of the sample treated at $160{\sim}170^{\circ}C$ was pure yellow. Furder, the fiber shaped particle, which has an effect on the tough texture, almost did not appear compared to the different temperature conditions. Finally, the sensory test for the preference of fried garlic flake under different conditions was carried out and the scores for various sensory characteristics were surveyed. According to the physicochemical measurements and sensory evaluation, we confirmed that the optimum manufacturing condition of fried garlic flake was 1.5 mm thick at a temperature of $160{\sim}170^{\circ}C$.