• Clean Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2018

This study introduced a treatment process that was developed to treat Indonesian low-rank coal with high-ash content, which has the same characteristics as residual coal from the biosolubilization process. The treatment process includes separation of ash, solid-liquid separation, pelletizing, and drying. To reduce the ash content, flotation was performed using 4-methyl-2-pentanol (MIBC) as frother, and kerosene, waste oil, and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as collectors. The increasing amount of collector had an effect on combustible coal recovery and ash reduction. After flotation, a filter press, extruder, and an oven drier were used to make a dried coal pellet. Then another coal pellet was made using asphalt as a binder. The compressive strength and friability of the coal pellets were tested and compared.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.265-274
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• 2022

Separation of oily wastewater, which is a byproduct of various industries such as petroleum refineries, is essential to not exceed the tolerance limit of wastewater streams. Ceramic membranes show potential in oily wastewater separation, due to their excellent oil removal efficiency, good chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability, and simple operation. However, widespread application of ceramic membranes is limited due to high material cost of alumina, silica, and other ceramic based materials used to fabricate them. Recent efforts to reduce material cost have been made, using fly ash and clay. This review examines the fabrication and efficiency of ceramic membranes in oily wastewater separation according to material: silica, alumina, and waste ash.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.220-229
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• 2000

Deionized water and wastewater flux were discussed using module set 1-7 composed of ultrafiltration hollow fiber type modules and reverse osmosis spiral wound type modules. The separation characteristics of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes were discussed with the variation of applied pressure and temperature. Turbidity and SS were removed effectively from ultrafiltration mem¬brane, and removal efficiency of COD, T-N, and TDS using reverse osmosis membrane was very efficient. Permeate flux increased linearly with the increase of applied pressures and temperature. It was shown that ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes were suitable Lo the advanced treatment and reuse of oil refinery process effluent.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.275-280
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• 2011

Automotive wheel bearing grease helps to reduce stresses and prevent wear of wheel bearings. But it is easily contaminated by water and other contaminants. In this study, we investigated the property change of automotive wheel bearing grease under water contamination. The result showed that some properties such as dropping point, work penetration and oxidation stability were not influenced by water content. However, most of properties such as work stability, water washout characteristics, leakage tendency, oil separation, evaporation loss and rust protection became worse after water was added. This is thought that added water makes the interaction weak between thickener and base oil of grease.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.134-135
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• 2014

In this study, mock-up test for high strength concrete with ERCO has been carried to analyse the effect of autogenous shrinkage reducing of using ERCO. The following results could be made as the conclusion. Results of EIS were lower than 2.5 and showed good resistance for separation of materials. For the setting time, specimen with ERCO showed delay of setting comparing with Plain. For the autogenous shrinkage, as the generation of saponification, capillary pores inside the concrete were filled by soap and the autogenous shrinkage has been obviously decreased. It could be identified that using ERCO in high strength showed good effect on reducing autogenous shrinkage in high strength concrete.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1845-1852
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• 2001

This paper deals with the experiment to obtain quantitative information about conditions of the interface between a water drop and surrounding oil. Velocity distributions in very close region of the interface are measured by introducing a new illumination technique and a telecentric lens. It enables precise measurements of velocity distributions in the close region to the interface. Although the measured velocity distributions exhibit strong influence from the solid wall of an experimental tube, the coincidence of inner and outside velocities on the interface is clearly confirmed for the clean interface. The shearing stresses on the interface, which are proportional to the velocity gradient normal to the interface, clearly show conditions of contaminated interface, which can be divided into two parts. From front stagnation point to somewhere near a separation point, the distribution of shearing stresses is well coincide with that of the Hadamard's analytical solution, while the distribution on the latter part of the interface sows quite different feature, which is supposed to be strongly influenced by contamination of the surface.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.459-465
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• 2001

The work was initiated to investigate the electrokinetic properties of a MF membrane using streaming potential measurement when oil emulsion was separated. The original and the surface modified PP membrane were examined by using flux and streaming potentials for the characterization of fouling phenomena of the PP membrane. The membrane surface was modified by a radiation grafting technique. The streaming potentials of the PP membranes were varied the charge distribution modifying by changing the pH, ionic strength, and concentrations the surfactants in oil emulsion. The shiftness to the more positive values of isoelectric point of the PP membrane was significant especially in the presence of surfactants or the surface modification.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.5-26
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• 1996

O/W/O(oil in water in oil)형 유화액막에 의한 2성분 탄화수소 혼합물인 toluene-cyclo hexane의 분리에 있어서 투과율, 막의 안정성과 분리계수에 미치는 영향을 계면활성제 농도, emulsion과 용매와의 교반속도 등을 변수로 하여 실험하였다. 계면활성제의 농도가 증가함에 따라 투과율은 증가하는데 0.5wt% 이상에서는 증가율이 둔화 되었다. 막 파괴율은 0.1wt%에서 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 그 이상에서는 농도가 증가하면서 파괴율도 증가하였다. 또한 분리계수는 계면활성제의 농도가 0.5wt%에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 에멀젼 제조 시 교반속도 변화에서는 투과율이나 막 파괴율에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 막 강화제의 농도가 증가함에 따라 투과율은 감소하였고, 에멀젼과 용매의 접촉 시 교반속도가 증가 할수록 막 파괴율도 증가하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1633-1635
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• 1996

This phenomena of streaming-electrification is generated between solid and liquid boundary called electric double-layer which is generated by potential difference. A charge separation at interfaces between a moving fluid and a solid boundary can give rise to the generation of substantial electric field and at last these can give rise ta insulating failure. Therefore injection of the adverse-charge in streaming-electrified insulating oil to eliminate the accumulation charge and its related phenomena was investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.36-41
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• 2015

The cyclone separator is a simple device, which causes the centrifugal separation of materials such as droplets or particles in a fluid stream. The cyclone separator utilizes the energy obtained from fluid pressure and linear motion to create rotational fluid motion. This rotational motion leads the materials suspended in the fluid to separate from the fluid quickly due to the centrifugal force. The rotation is produced by the tangential or involuted introduction of fluid into the vessel. These materials may be droplets of fuel in blow-by gas through an engine. Droplets suspended in the feed liquid may separate according to size, shape, or density. And the change of part dimension in a cyclone separator can yield the its performance variation. The current study shows the influence of design parameters on the performance of a cyclone separator for blow-by gas.