• Title/Summary/Keyword: Oil and gas

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A study on exhaust emission characteristics according to operating conditions and butanol blended fuels in a small diesel engine for fishing vessel (소형 어선용 디젤기관의 운전조건과 부탄올 혼합유의 배기 배출물 특성에 관한 연구)

  • KIM, Sang-Am;WANG, Woo-Gyeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.57 no.3
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    • pp.256-263
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    • 2021
  • In this study, blending oils of diesel oil and butanol were used as fuel oil for diesel engine to measure combustion pressure, fuel consumption, air ratio and exhaust gas emission due to various operating conditions such as engine revolution and torque. Using these data, the results of analyzing the engine performance, combustion characteristics and exhaust emission characteristics such as NOx (nitrogen oxides), CO2 (carbon dioxide), CO (carbon monoxide) and soot were as follows. The fuel conversion efficiency at each load was highest when driven in the engine revolution determined by a fixed pitch propeller law. Except 30% butanol blending oil, fuel conversion efficiency of the other fuel oils increased as the load increased. Compared to diesel oil, using 10% and 20% butanol blending oil as fuel oil was advantageous in terms of thermal efficiency, but it did not have a significant impact on the reduction of exhaust gas emissions. On the other hand, future research is needed on the results of the 20% butanol blending oil showing lower or similar levels of smoke concentration and carbon monoxide emission rate other than those types of diesel oil.

An Experimental Study on the Exhaust pollutant Reduction in Diesel Engine using a Rice-Bran Oil (미강유를 사용한 디젤기관에서의 배기오염물질 저감에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 이준서
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.754-762
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    • 1998
  • Exhaust emissions in diesel engine are affected by fuel properties but the reason for this is not clear. Especially the recent strong interest in using low-grade fuel demands extensibe investigation in order to clarify the exhaust emissions. Bio-Diesel oil has a great possibility to solve the pollution problem caused by the exhaust gas from diesel engine vehicles. The use of bio-oils in diesel engines has received considerable atten-tion to the forseeable depletion of world oil supplies. So bio-diesel oil has been attracted with attentions for alternative and clean energy source. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the fea-sibility of the rice-bran oil for alternative fuel in a diesel engine with rgard to exhaust emis-sions.

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Studies on the Sterol of Sesame Oil Sold In Markets and Used in Restaurants (시중(市中) 참기름의 Sterol에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Ro, Ihl-Yeob;Jeong, Hee-Sun
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.159-166
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    • 1980
  • Methods for the determination of sterols in sesame oils were studied. The sesame oils were saponified and the sterols isolated from the unsaponifiable matter by Florisil column chromatography, and the individual components were determined by means of gas chromatography. Campesterol, ${\beta}-sitosterol$, stigmasterol were found in sesame oil including unknown Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The use of SE-30 gas chromatographic column allows the slow elution, duplication of peaks and relatively low reproducibility, therefore, 3% OV-17 was suitable for the sterol analysis. The result of this study showed that contents of sterols in sesame oil were campesterol 8.4%, stigmasterol 4.5%, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ 33.9% and others 53.0% involving 8.8% of unknown I and 44.3% of unknown Ⅱ. There has been no specific test available for identifying the sesame oil among common edible oils. But the ratio of sterols in sesame oils allowed the estimation of genuiness. The ratio of sterols vs. campesterol in genuine sesame oils were stigmasterol 0.3- 0.6, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ 3.0-3.8 and unknown Ⅱ 3.0, respectively. The 65 samples were composed of genuine sesame oil 40%, mixed rape seed oil 3%, cotton seed oil 1. 5% others were reused soybean oil or re-extracted oil.

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Pyrolysis Characteristics of Oil Shale (Oil shale의 열분해 특성 연구)

  • Roh, Seon Ah;Yun, Jin Han;Keel, Sang In;Lee, Jung Kyu;Kim, Han Seok
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.365-370
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    • 2018
  • Oil shale is the sedimentary rock containing kerogen, which is one of the abundant unconventional fuel. In the pyrolysis process, oil, gas and coke are produced from the decomposition of oil shale. In this study, TGA and the continuous pyrolysis of oil shale have been investigated for the clean conversion of oil shale. Effects of reaction temperature and residence time on the pyrolysis conversion and oil production rate have been determined. Conversion of oil shale increases with increasing the reaction temperature and residence time. Optimum conditions for oil production were reaction temperature of $450{\sim}500^{\circ}C$ at the residence time of 30 min.

The Trends and Outlook of Technology Development for Oil and Gas in the Arctic (북극 석유·천연가스 자원 기술개발 현황 및 전망)

  • Lim, Jong-Se;Shin, Hyo-Jin;Kim, Ji-Su;Jin, Young-Keun
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.303-318
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    • 2014
  • The rising global demand for energy resources may lead to greater interest in the Arctic region. Since it has various resources, such as oil and gas, and large potential as a strategic location in exploration and production (E&P), there is likely to occur island sovereignty issues between the five arctic costal states and other countries. While global warming has led to the opening of the Northeast Passage and the Northwest Passage, several obstacles may impede the development of this area such as the low temperature environment, infrastructure problems in a limited area, flow assurance, environmental regulations, etc. To overcome these problems, various techniques have been applied in the exploration, development, production, transportation, and environment fields and it seems to be made technical development in extreme environment. In this study, the E&P status of representative states and development technologies in the Arctic region have been summarized with regard to carrying out E&P related to drilling, development, production, and operation in oil and gas fields. Furthermore, environmental factors have been taken into account to enhance progress with regard to E&P and ensure sustainable development in the Arctic. On that basis, it will be possible to secure oil and gas field development, production technology and R&D infrastructure in the Arctic.

Study of Process for Offshore LNG Production (해상에서의 LNG 생산을 위한 공정 고찰)

  • Kim, Seung-Hyuk;Ha, Mun-Keun;Kim, Byung-Woo;Sadasivam, M.;Koo, Keun-Hoe
    • Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.119-123
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    • 2002
  • Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) continues to attract modern gas industries as well as domestic markets as their main energy source in the recent years. This is mainly because LNG is inherently cleaner and more energy efficiency than other fuels. Offshore LNG production plant is of interest to many oil producing companies all over the world. This article discuss about the production process encountered while developing such a production facility. Typical offshore oil and gas processing required for oil stabilization and other optional units that can be added to the facilities. The production process can broadly be divided into five major units namely, (i) Oil Stabilization unit, (ii) Gas Treatment unit, (iii) Methane Recovery unit, (iv) Distillation unit and (v) LNG Liquefaction unit. The process simulation was carried out for each unit with a given wellhead composition. The topside facilities of offshore LNG production plant will be very similar to the process adopted in offshore processing platform along with the typical onshore LNG production plant. However, the process design problems associated with FPSO motion to be taken care of while developing floating LNG production plant.

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The influence of various factors on piston friction (피스턴마찰에 미치는 각 인자의 영향)

  • 이종태;이성열
    • Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 1983
  • There exist many kinds of frictions in internal combustion engine such as piston ring and skirt, cam and tappet, bearing friction etc. Among them, the frictions between piston ring, skirt and cylinder are particular. These frictions for motoring test are differ from that of firing test even though the temperature of cooling water and lubricating oil keep identically. The frictions for firing test are increased due to combustion pressure and products. The precise calculation of the friction is difficult. But we can assume that the friction is governed by the viscosity of lubricating oil and gas pressure of cylinder. And the viscosity of lubricating oil is dependant on gas temperature of cylinder, so the piston friction may be governed by gas pressure and temperature of cylinder. In this treatise, we propose the method of evaluating piston friction under the condition of constant engine speed, and we analyzed the behaviours and influence of factors concerned with the piston friction for output correction when the inlet pressure and temperature were varied. The main results are as follows: 1) The behaviours on the inlet conditions for the contact force of the piston rings and the viscosity of the lubricating oil concerned with piston friction are found. 2) The essential point the these behaviours is dependant on the cyclic variation following to the inlet conditions. 3) According to our analysis, It was observed that the viscosity of lubricating oil is more effective than the contact force to the piston rings.

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Application Method for the Structures Under the Full-In Winch on STP Extended Top (STP Extended Top에 설치되는 Pull-In Winch 하부구조 보강방법)

  • Kim, Tae-Wook;Lee, Myeong-Sil;Oh, Tae-Man
    • Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • 2009.09a
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    • pp.24-34
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    • 2009
  • The latest trend of development for submarine oil field is caused by the drained oil and gas for ground field, and FPSO is a keyword as the development for submarine oil field. FPSO (Floating Production Storage Offloading) is a kind of vessel type have a topside system for production of oil and gas and store them until the oil or gas can be offloaded onto a tanker or transported through a pipeline. Prior to the introduction of reinforcement under the pull-in winch on the STP extended top as the object of this paper, the technical background shall be introduced such as FPSO and the system and main equipments for STP as follows. The original structural concept for reinforcement of pull-in winch on the STP top and extended structure on moonpool was proposed by buyer's engineering team but it was much modified and improved in accordance with builder's fabrication and construction method.

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Trend of the Unconventional Energy Resources (비재래 에너지자원 동향)

  • Cho, Jin Dong;Kim, Jong Hyun;Park, Kwan Soon
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.265-273
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    • 2014
  • Unconventional resources are natural resources which require greater than industry-standard levels of technology or investment to exploit the commercial development. The key point is that unconventional resources are lower quality fuel sources and are not as economically viable as crude oil and conventional gas. Over the past 100 years, Conventional oil and gas has been satisfied with the energy demands. But developing countries such as China and India, the introduction of the developed countries and the surge of energy due to the depletion of unconventional energy resources will be the limelight. According to be analyzed in the academic literature to unconventional gas and oil(2000~2012) by the program of 'web of science', the research activities 402 papers in unconventional gas and 1,581 papers in unconventional oil.

Characterisrics of Dissolved Gas Distribution in Oil with Thermal and Electrical Degradation in Oil Imersed Paper Insulation (유침 절연에서 전기적 및 열적 열화에 따른 유중가스분포특성)

  • Sun, Jong-Ho;Yi, Sang-Hwa;Kim, Kwang-Hwa
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.136-144
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    • 2004
  • Dissolved gas in oil analysis has been used for fault diagnosis of oil immersed insulation. In this paper to improve the reliability in deciding the degradation causes of the oil immersed insulation, we carried out electrical and thermal degradations for the insulations, and analyzed the characteristics of dissolved gases distribution on each situation. As a result more reliable faults discrimination is possible if we use the interrelation of factors like key gases and gas compositions of hydrocarbon gases and ratios of CO/$CO_2$.