• Title/Summary/Keyword: Odor and Waste water

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An Integrated Study of the Emissions of Ammonia, Odor and Odorants, and Pathogens and Related Contaminants from Potential Environmentally Superior Technologies for Swine Facilities Program OPEN (Odor, Pathogens, and Emissions of Nitrogen)

  • Kim D.-S.;Aneja V.P.;Arya S.P.;Robarge W.;Westerman P.;Williams M.;Dickey D.;Arkinson H.;Semunegus H.;Blunden J.;Sobsey M.;Todd L.;Ko G.
    • Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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    • 2004.05a
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    • pp.65-69
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    • 2004
  • The need for developing sustainable solutions for managing the animal waste is vital for the future of the animal industry in North Carolina. As part of that process, the North Carolina Attorney General has concluded that the public interest will be served by the development and implementation of environmentally superior swine waste management technologies appropriate to each category of hog farms. To facilitate in the development, testing, and evaluation of potential technologies it is necessary that all aspects of environmental issues (air, water, soil, odor and odorants, and disease-transmitting vectors and airborne pathogens) be addressed as Part of a comprehensive strategy, Program OPEN (Odor, Pathogens, and Emissions of Nitrogen) Is comprehensively addressing these issues.

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Determination of Major Reduced Sulfur Gases Emitted from Wastes Stored in Environmental Facility Using GC/FPD (GC/FPD를 이용한 환경기초시설 폐기물의 대기중 황계열 악취물질 배출특성에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Taeyoon;Lee, Jeakeun;Lee, Junki
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.37-43
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    • 2009
  • With the economic development of Korea, sewage treatment facilities and waste food treatment facilities have been steadily increased. These facilities have positive effects such as the conservation of the water resources quality and waste food recycling while they also affect the neighborhood life with severe odor problems. Therefore, it was first collected sludge samples from 5 sewage treatment facilities and 5 waste food treatment facilities where the amounts of waste produced from above sites are relatively immense in Busan and estimate the $H_2S$ emission rates. Then it was selected 1 sample which has the highest emission rate of $H_2S$. Using flux chamber and GC/FPD analyses, it was tried to quantify the emitted amount of sulfonic gas concentration under anoxic condition. The sludge sample obtained from Noksan sewage treatment facility has the highest emission rate of $H_2S$. This sample contained 156.18 mg/kg $H_2S$. The odor compounds were analyzed using GC/FPD and the concentrations were converted to odor quotient. Among odor compounds the ratio of $CH_3SH$ (methylmercaptan) for the total odor quotient was 47.3% and considered to be the main odor compound in the sample.

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The Priority of Environmental Problems in Korea (우리나라의 환경문제 우선순위 도출 - 환경전문가를 중심으로 -)

  • 신동천;임영욱;박종연;장은아;김진용;박성은;조성준
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.165-174
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to analyze the priority of environmental problems in Korea by investigating the environmental professionals' perception. The delphi technique was applied to identify their risk perception towards some specific items related with pollution. A standardized questionnaire on environmental problems and their priorities was used to 74 subjects. In the questionnaire, the environmental problems were divided into the general ones,9 items, and the specific ones,30 items. Also, the perception was associated with two points of view which were the risk on general human health or ecosystem, and on the present situation in Korea. The priority of risk from general environmental problems on human health or ecosystem was analyzed in the order of 'water pollution', 'air pollution', 'soil contamination', 'waste', 'toxic chemical pollutants', 'food contamination', 'ocean contamination', 'odor pollution', and 'noise pollution'. The priority of risk on the present situation in Korea was analyzed in the order of 'water pollution','air pollution','waste','toxic chemical pollutants','food contamination','soil contamination','ocean contamination','odor pollution', and 'noise pollution'. And these priorities were significantly related with the characteristics of respondents such as sex, age, and major concerned area. However, for the first five priorities of risk from the specific environmental problems on human health or ecosystem, the environmental professionals agreed with 'automotive vehicle exhaust', 'domestic and industrial source pollutants to surface water', '$CO_2$nd g1oba1 warming effect','toxic air pollutant' and 'industrial source air pollution'. The priorities of risk on the present situation in Korea were similar to these results.

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A Study on the Mechanical Properties of Surface Activated Waste EPDM and The Analysis of Odor Materials (표면 활성화된 폐 EPDM 분말의 물성과 냄새 성분 분석 연구)

  • Choi, J.;Kim, S.;Chung, K.;Chung, J.;Yoo, T.;Yang, J.
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.249-258
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    • 2007
  • In this study, the EPDM powder which was surface activated by high temperature and shear pulverization process was prepared and the mechanical properties and odor material analysis were investigated. Analysis for particle size and size distribution of waste of the EPDM powder has been performed. The waste EPDMs used in this study were 4 types of solid, sponge, solid+sponge, and solid+metal. According to the results, the solid type showed the smallest particle size among the 4 types of EPDM powder. Effective surface devulcanization of EPDM powder could be obtained by the addition of the reclaiming agent. The dicumyl peroxide was considered as the best crosslink agent for dynamic vulcanization when the surface activated EPDM powder was blended with polyolefin in order to make TPE. Also, the optimum amounts of DCP was 6 phr in terms of surface crosslink reaction and mechanical properties of EPDM powder. The processes of water adsorption and rose oil addition were employed to remove the odor of EPDM powder caused by reclaiming agent. The GC/MS was used to analyze the odor compounds.

A Study on the Management of Food Waste in Elementary School Foodservices (부산지역 초등학교 급식소의 잔식 관리에 관한 연구)

  • 김소희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.747-754
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    • 1999
  • Food waste in school foodservices is an important factors in managing expense and in evaluating the acceptance of served meals. This study was undertaken to investigate the management of food waste and the opinion of dietitians in one hundred fourty nine elementary school foodservices, in Pusan, Korea. When serving places were compared, the classroom generated more leftover and plate waste than those of lunchroom(p<0.05). In rank for generating raw waste, the residue from vegetables was the highest in first order. Fruit, eggs, fish, and shell fish also left the most raw waste, respectively, in descending order. The residue that generated the most plate waste in the first and the second order was from soup and pot stew, and vegatables side dishes, respectively. The treatment process of food waste which was the most common in school foodservices was the fertilization by processing machine in order to make recyclable fertilizer(52.1%). Food waste at 30.8% of foodservices was processed for live stock feed. At 92.3% of investigated foodservices, food waste water was drained through a round net basket. Before treating as a waste, food residue was recycled at only 41.9% of foodservices. The main utilization of food residue was the production of soap from used oil. Most dietitians in school foodservices recognized that treating food waste was not so inconvenient, although, the problems of odor and hygiene were not solved. They also thought that the liquid residue(54.1%) and oil(30.4%) among food waste were primarily responsible for resulting environmental pollution.

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Study on the Water Management to get High Quality of Drinking Water (이상적인 음료수 공급을 위한 수질관리에 관한 연구)

  • 김형석;신현덕;박경석
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.7-25
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    • 1991
  • Until now, pure drinking water grnerally menas the water without taste, odor, general bacteria, coliform, and other exotic substance. Such a definition has been changing recently due to the finding of numerous other inorganic and organic substances unknown to us. 10 years ago, major causes of death were infectious agents and parasites contained in water, but recently, it has become apparent that some substances contained in drinking water cause cancer and heart diseases. We must drink about 2L of water everyday in order to maintain healthy condition. Waters used for drinking include tap water, well water, spring water, filtered water, etc., but the quality of drinking water has more polluted due to the industrial development and population increase. For example, industrial waste waters from industrial plants pollute the water supply sources ; toxic substances contained in the waste waters pollute the ground water sources by penetrating the geological strata, and municipal, livestock, public building waste waters also pollute the water supply sources. Sometimes, the polluted surface waters were announced to be polluted by various kinds of orgainc substance, and it is reported that the pollution of ground water by orga nic substances has few in number but high in its concectration comparing with those of surface water. As the water quality pollution level increases, so the amount of disinfectant also increase. For example, chlorine solution, one of widely used disinfectants, creates trihalomethane(THM), a carcinogen, and halogen compounds. According to Oliver, through chlorine disinfection process, humine substance and chlorine create bolatile organic halide and nonvolatile organic halide by chemical reaction. There are tens or hundreds filtering devices, but filtering principles and maintenance metjhods are different, so their efficiency tests are needed. According to Smith, the effeciency tests aginst over 30 Ameican filtering devices show that 10 devices can remove 85% of volatile organics and further studies on filtered waters are underway. In consideration of important impacts of polluted drinking water on national health, authors studied the state of water quality pollution against tap water used as drinking water, filtration device passed water, ground water, and conserved drinking water ; tested the efficiency of filtration devices for tap water ; tried to sep up the detection method by using ion chromatography based on negative ion and positive ion by using single column, and attemped the simple filtration method for general households.

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Overview of the Formation, Components, Color, and Abnormal Findings of Urine (소변의 생성, 구성성분, 색깔, 그리고 이상소견)

  • Park, Se Jin;Shin, Jae Il
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2013
  • Urine production is vital for the removal of certain waste products produced by metabolism in the body and for the maintenance of homeostasis in the body. The kidneys produce urine by the following three precisely regulated processes: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Urine is composed of water, certain electrolytes, and various waste products that are filtered out of the blood through the glomeruli. The physical features of urine are evaluated carefully to detect any abnormal findings that may indicate underlying diseases in the genitourinary system. A change in urine color may indicate an underlying pathological condition, although many of the causes of abnormal urine color are benign effects of medications and foods. A characteristic and specific odor may be the result of a metabolic disease rather than a concentrated specimen or a simple urinary tract infection. Although transient changes in urine output and nocturia are usually benign conditions, persistent abnormal findings require further workup, with a thorough medical history taking. This article presents many of the conditions that physicians may encounter and will help them in the diagnosis and in establishing a treatment plan.

Evaluation of Complex Odor and Odorous Compounds in a Pilot-Scale Ultra Thermophilic Aerobic Composting Process (초고온 호기성 퇴비화 공정의 복합 악취 및 악취 물질 평가)

  • Park, Seyong;Jung, Dai-Hyuck;Yoo, Eui-Sang;Kim, Moonil
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.10 no.5
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to evaluate production of complex odor and 12 specific odorous compounds in a pilot-scale (capacity : $100m^3$) ultra thermophilic aerobic composting. There were three types input: municipal wasted sludge, livestock manure and slurry, and food waste produced in Jung-Eb city. Each raw material was mixed with seed material and operated for two periods (1st : 50 days, 2nd : 60days). During composting, the temperature hit $90{\sim}95^{\circ}C$ after every mixing in both periods. Therefore, it was concluded that increasing temperature also saves the time which required for composting and high reduction of organics and water contents. The primary odorous compounds were ammonia, methyl mercaltan, dimethyl disulfide and trimethylamine. The concentration of the primary compounds and complex odor during the operation were higher than those on final day and most compounds did not exceed the allowable exhaust standard for odor. Also, it was found that optimal mixing time and control of high temperature are the most important parameters for odor control in ultra thermophilic aerobic composting.

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Characterization of Odorous Elements from Emission Sources in Chungju (충주시 악취발생원으로부터 배출되는 악취원인물질 특성 분석)

  • Cho, Byung-Yeol;Jo, Young-Min
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.415-422
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    • 2008
  • The emission characteristics of odorous compounds discharged from the major environmental treatment facilities in Chungju were closely investigated by an ammonia passive sampler and by analyzing a questionnaire of the public complains. Amongst the four major emission sources, the manure treatment facility showed the highest concentration. The major components were sulfur compounds including H$_2$S, tri-methyl amine, and aldehydes. The foodwaste treatment processes releases sulfur compounds and aldehydes. Municipal waste water treatment facility emits a high concentration of acetaldehyde. It was found that the perceived odor level depends on the meteorological condition, and the odor intensity was higher at midnight than daytime.

Pesticide Analysis in Drinking Water by SPE Method (SPE법에 의한 음료수중 농약성분)

  • 김형석
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.59-66
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    • 1995
  • According to the population increase and industrialization, the drinking water source, Han River and other sources, are contaminated by industrial wastewater, domestic sewage, and agricultural discharges. Among the contaminants, and toxic substances, pesticides is most interesting items (or human health Our drinking water has some problems of THMs, Fe, odor, etc., $o many people use groundwater or bottled water. But sometimes there are many reports about groundwater contamination owing to the agricultural chemicals, waste disposal, industrial wastewater. In America, there are about 45,000 groundwave supply company and in korea about 20% of total population are using groundwave as drinking water source. In America, studies about SEE is increasing Instead of liquid- liquid extraction method, because of many advantages of SEE methods. Author tried to investigate SPE methods in the spiked water samples to compare with liquid- liquid extraction method and got the following results. The amount of organic solvents which are used In SPE method is less than 1/10 compared with liquid- liquid method, the analytical duration time is shortened, and the ethyl acetate was good fluent among several organic solvents.

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